Alps zaseFrance. Ukuphakama Mont Blanc. France Geography

France kumephu izwe akuyona indawo yokugcina. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke kuleli zwe e Western Europe. Ngenxa yobukhulu wezwe elikhulu sezwe salo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Alps French - omunye izingxenye elimangalisa kakhulu. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba lezi zintaba? Ngiyiphi inarha lapha kukhona Alps ngaphezulu? Yiziphi ezikhangayo kanye zokungcebeleka kuthiwa eFrench Alps? Sazise ngakho.

France Geography

The French Republic liphakathi amalungu amahlanu asikhathi sonke omkhandlu UN, eyilungu "Big Seven", kanye omunye wabasunguli be-European Union. It mononational kakhulu abantu abahlala emadolobheni isimo. IFrance inabantu abayizigidi 66,7 - iningi labo French. Mayelana 80% labantu uhlala emizini. Inhloko-dolobha ye-republic - sedolobha laseParis.

Eceleni lizwe Spain, Andorra, e-Italy, Monaco, Belgium, eSwitzerland, Luxembourg naseJalimane. It is wageza ngu-Atlantic Ocean kanye lubhekisele oLwandle iMedithera. Kusukela umbono zikuphi zezombusazwe waseFrance kuba esemancane eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Okuningi ngokunembile, kukhona ingxenye enkulu-ke, ngoba izwe akuyona kuphela kulelivekati. Ingumnikazi engaphezu kwamashumi amabili esiqhingini izindawo eduze Afrika, eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika abaye.

Kanye French ezindaweni kwezilwandle kumephu emhlabeni yisimo yesibili silingana neYurophu. Kuthatha okwesihlanu European Union. endaweni kwayo ngokuphelele kuyinto 674.685 amakhilomitha square futhi ulwandle imingcele ye-republic ibanga 5.500 amakhilomitha.

impumuzo France

State Relief heterogeneous, kukhona emathafeni, ezintabeni, futhi ithafa lasendulo. Emathafeni ikakhulu insimu kusukela enyakatho kuya eningizimu-esentshonalanga. Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile zihlukaniswa North ase-Aquitaine French emathafeni. Izimfunda ezingasogwini lwe-eningizimu-esempumalanga itholakala phakathi Massif Central kanye French Alps.

Plateau lizwe - hhayi ukuthi abanye, njengoba izinsalela ezingaphezu izintaba zaphakade Hercynian. Basuke emelelwa ukuphakama encane Armorianskim kanye Massif Central, Vosges kanye Ardennes. Armoriansky Vosges Massif futhi kakhulu Kuhlehliswe ngasemfuleni izigodi, kanye Massif Central ligcwele izintaba-mlilo eside yokuqothulwa.

Ngo-ntshonalanga yeFrance uyashiywa Spain entabeni chain. Emngceleni khona welulela izintaba zasePyrenees. Xhuma ezweni amavesi ewumngcingo ezimbalwa kuphela phakathi kwezintaba. Esikhathini eningizimu-mpumalanga kukhona ezintabeni Jura kanye Alps, indawo ephakeme France - Mont Blanc. Lezi afanayo ukwabelana lizwe nge-Italy naseSwitzerland.

French Alps

Alps zitholakala hhayi kuphela eFrance. Khangela, basibekele insimu ka eSwitzerland, e-Italy, Austria, Monaco, Slovenia, Germany kanye Liechtenstein. Lona omunye okucwaningwa ngawo kakhulu entabeni amaketanga emhlabeni. Ubude ovundlile afika ku 1200 amakhilomitha nobubanzi - 260 amakhilomitha.

Alps - ende futhi eliphakeme uhlelo ntaba, engasempumalanga ngokuphelele kuleyo nsimu enkulu yeYurophu. I enkulu entabeni ukuphakama - Mont Blanc. Ngaphezu kwakhe-Alps kuyinto yikhulu iphakama esingeqile amamitha anamane amawaka. Izintaba yokwelula arc futhi zihlukaniswe Western, Eastern, Northern, Southern, Central.

The French Alps kukhona West. Bona welule for 330 amakhilomitha. Blanc ukuphakama, iphuzu zayo eliphakeme 4808 amamitha. Alps French nazo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana: ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu.

Bobabili izingxenye kuhluke sezulu kanye namathafa. Enyakatho, ubuswa izinguzunga zeqhwa neziqongo ezembethe ephakeme. Southern Alps kuthinte ulwandle, njengoba zitholakala eduze kakhulu ogwini, ehlanganisa Maritime futhi Provence izifunda.

Alpine sezulu

Ukuqala eduze nolwandle, Alps Wik-French abe sezulu nakwezifudumele. eziphakeme zabo ziyisiliva lincane uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izindawo zokhahlamba. Ukuphambuka kuyo inyakatho, ehlatshwa lapho kushisa zone athokomele. Yiqiniso, ukuphathwa kwabo akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni indawo yabo, kodwa futhi engamamitha. Ngo-Alps, kukhona izindawo ezinhlanu okhalweni:

• Izimfunda ezingasogwini lwe-- abafika kwabangu-1000 metres,
• esipholile zone - ne 1000 metres,
• subalpine zone - ne 1500 metres,
• alpine edlelweni - ne 2000 metres,
• nival - ngenhla 3000 metres.

Isimo sezulu esiguquguqukayo ku French Alps. Isikhathi ezishisayo - kwaze kwaba semini, bese kancane kancane ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa. Ezintabeni, uwe ngempela eziningi kwezulu (kufika ku 1000 mm / yr). Isithwathwa ihlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube sekupheleni Juni.

Ezingxenyeni ezingaphakathi enyakatho ye-Alps, isimo sezulu esibandayo, kodwa ezimanzi, kodwa engxenyeni eseningizimu-ke, ngokuphambene nalokho, esomile efudumele. Ebusika, kukhona ngokuvamile yenkungu ehlobo kushisa sezulu Ungashintsha kakhulu emakhazeni.

Ngenhla 3,000 metres iqhwa musa Ncibilikisa iminyaka. Kungibandela futhi cishe lutho likhula. Ngezansi iqala alpine edlelweni noma entabeni emathafeni ngaphansi lokushisa abandayo, izihlahla kanye utshani ongaphakeme. Esikhathini indawo subalpine lokushisa aliphumi ngenhla degrees 25, ngisho ehlobo yesithwathwa zenzeka.

I ephansi esishintshashintshayo ezimbili isimo sezulu sisihle kakhulu kokubili ezilwaneni. Lapha kungenzeka ukuba balime futhi siphile. Kulezi esishintshashintshayo imakwe ezihlukahlukene olukhulu ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni.

umoya wendawo

Ukuze Alps libhekene ukubukeka okuthiwa imimoya bendawo (e. Boron, izinwele kanye isb.). Bona athé ukwehluka indinganiso ndawo, kodwa kukhona njalo. Omunye imimoya alpine zendawo, kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso hairdryer. Ubonakala phezulu ezintabeni futhi yehla esigodini.

Nokomisa ipheshulwa enamandla afuthwe emoyeni elomile hot. ukushisa Njalo amamitha angamakhulu umoya ngaphezulu. Yena angaya usuku izinsuku ezinhlanu.

Ukuvela dryer izinwele ezintabeni ngokuvamile kuyasiza ezolimo. Umoya kudala microclimate ezidingekile eziningi izitshalo ukushisa-onothando. Nokho, kungase kube yingozi noma ngisho ukubulala. Amalahle entwasahlobo emoyeni, izinwele kusiza ukuncibilika ngokushesha kweqhwa, ngenxa yalokho avele ngendathane.

Izimila Nezilwane

Esikhathini French Alps zikhona izinhlelo ezahlukene ngokuphelele zemvelo, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kuxhomeke kokuwa. Omkhulu eziphakeme - kuba treeless ehlane endaweni. Phezu "Umqansa" abanye kuphela izitshalo, ezifana Buttercup glacial, okuyinto eyenzeka ngisho endaweni engamamitha 4000 amamitha.

Alpine Meadows - emithambekeni emaweni futhi emagqumeni nasezindaweni ezinamadwala embozwe utshani nezimbali. Plants of bhande liphansi, kodwa elikhanyayo kakhulu. abameleli ejwayelekile - Alpine Edelweiss, zamajikijolo asendle, ohlanzekile pasqueflower, itiyela, poppy, Krasnaya Liliya, eritrichium, carnations, Aster, njll Kukhona ukwaluka imfuyo bukhoma marmots, izimbuzi zasezintabeni, negogo, Ehlasela, chough, amahlolamvula futhi izinkozi .. .

Izihlahla ziqala ezonini subalpine. Lokhu kungenxa kakhulu larch, uphayini sonwele ngezansi kukhona oki, amahlathi beech. Emngceleni yehlathi amadwala like inyoni ukuze kuxazululwe: lemon kanye Finch iqhwa, itshe futhi Okhuphe oluhlala Thrush, Tit.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Alps, kukhona salamanders, onogwaja, aegolius, izinyamazane, Rock ptarmigan, dunnock. Emithambekeni enamadwala zululeka ngokuphepha futhi mouflon run lycidae stenolaz - inyoni encane nge uqhwaku eside nemidwa obomvu emaphikweni.

Alpine ezokuvakasha

Abavakashi Alps sengilungisile okuthakazelisayo eziningi: obukhulu amahlathi, iphakama enamadwala, namathafa eliyingqayizivele futhi izilwane zasendle. Futhi eFrance, enza konke kufinyeleleke futhi elula.

Ezintabeni wabeka imizila eminingi nge ngokukhethekile ahlomele Moorings. Ngendlela ungahlala bathole indawo yokufihla ikhanda noma indlwana nesizungu lapho izivakashi ayeke ebusuku. Uhambo onemininingwane abahambi okhuthele ezitholakala izikhungo izivakashi wendawo kalula.

Nokho, akubona bonke imizila zenzelwe uhambo olude. Kukhona emizileni eziningi, kwenziwa elula usuku uhambo. Ziyakwazi kulula ukwenza, abahlala omunye kwezifunda zezintaba, ezifana Arabia, Vercors, Chablis.

Isikhathi ethandwa kakhulu-Alps iyona imfushane (December kuya ku-April) futhi phakathi ehlobo (Julayi). Kulezi nezikhathi, base egcwele amaholide. Nokho, ukuhambahamba ephathini isikhathi esinjalo akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi, isimo sezulu angaba kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yeqhwa, abanye maqembu avame livalelwe engxenyeni Juni yesibili.

zokungcebeleka

Ezokungcebeleka ku French Alps ninikeza nokuhamba ehlobo, Ukushushuluza, i-snowboarding, ledding, snowshoeing eqhweni ebusika. Isifunda ethuthuka ekhuphuka, surfing futhi yachting e namachibi zendawo.

Edolobheni resort of Chamonix, ungajabulela ubuhle Mont Blanc okungenani nsuku zonke. Njengoba lisendaweni ephakeme 3840 amamitha kuyinto White Valley - iphuzu esiphezulu resort nendawo omunye ekwehleni ngokwedlulele kunazo zonke eFrance. Lapha kungenzeka paragliding, Canyoning (Canyoning emifuleni ngaphandle ukubhukuda izindawo), rock ekhuphuka, Ukushushuluza kanye nokushova.

Isifunda ngobukhulu for skiing kanye nokushova - Three wezigodi. Kukhona amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka angamakhulu ayisithupha emizileni sezintaba amakhulu ngamakheshi. Isifunda sinezindawo eziningi emhlabeni zokungcebeleka odumile Courchevel, Meribel, Val Thorens. Lapha kuba ezokuvakasha nje kuphela, kodwa futhi emizileni yama-Olympic, ice enkundleni endaweni evulekile, hockey kuzilandeleli futhi okuningi mnandi.

esiyingqayizivele Alps

French Alps - a nature esiyingqayizivele nezindawo obumangalisayo. Bayingxenye eWestern Alps futhi aphelela khona kanye ogwini Mediterranean e isiqondiso enyakatho-mpumalanga.

Phakathi kwalezi, kunezindawo eziningi zokulondolozwa nezindawo ezivikelwe. Esaziwa kakhulu kubo Vercors, Chartreuse, Keira, Bauges nokunye. D. Lesi sifunda siyindawo indawo ethandwa futhi olunothile izindawo ezisezintabeni. Idolobhana eliphezulu kakhulu Briançon, etholakala eduze kwepaki Keira.

French Alps - yindawo lapho ukuzilibazisa kungenzeka nge emidlalweni eyingozi futhi ziyinto okuphumuzayo. Kukhona oluhlaza imbali ezimfundeni, ixhaphozi emahlatsini yamadwala angenalutho imbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa eziphakeme echibini abandayo ngamanzi ecacile blue. Bahlala banganandaba kulezi zindawo akunakwenzeka.