Abashokobezi nobuqhawe ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe (1941-1945)

Izishoshovu lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 ngonyaka - kungcono ingxenye ukunyakaza ukumelana, esasiklanyelwe ukuba abhubhise isimiso isofthiwe German (lokuvukela amalungiselelo, izinhlamvu, imigwaqo, njll ...). Kuyaziwa ukuthi abahlaseli undlovukayiphikiswa besaba kakhulu inhlangano, ngakho babemphethe ngesihluku kakhulu amalungu.

RSFSR

Amaphuzu ayinhloko we engabandlululi movement imisebenzi abangu washayelwa kule siqondiso 1941. Kabanzi izenzo ezidingekayo ezichazwe oda uStalin ngo-1942.

Ngesisekelo amaqembu yabashokobezi babengabantu abavamile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ehlasela, okungukuthi, ukwazi ukuphila ngaphansi emehlweni amaNazi namandla. Lezi zinhlangano ziye zaqala ukubonakala ezinsukwini lokuqala impi. Ujoyine asebekhulile, abesifazane, amadoda, ngubani, ngoba noma ngabe yisiphi isizathu, akazange ngaphambili, ngisho nezingane, amaphayona.

Izishoshovu lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 babe ukuvukela umbuso, thina bekwi ukuhlola (ngisho intelligence), u-Advocate ngosizo lempi eU.SSR ibutho, abhubhise isitha ngqo.

On endaweni RSFSR isinyathelo amabutho ezingenakubalwa, amaqembu ukuketula, compounds (abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-250), ngalinye elikwazi esiye saletha izinzuzo ezinkulu eyonqoba. amagama amaningi kuze kube sekugcineni emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke yomlando.

Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya, eyaba uphawu ubuqhawe, yasala dengwane e ezweni German ngokuqala umlilo Petrishcheva ngomzana, lapho kwakukhona khona ibutho laseJalimane. Ngokwemvelo, wayengeyena sodwa, kodwa ngawo ukuqondana iqembu zabo kancane kwashabalala ngemva ukushiswa izindlu ezintathu. Zoya unqume ukuya emuva omunye futhi aqedele umsebenzi. Kodwa izakhamizi wayesevele siphapheme futhi Zoe kuzibamba. Kwadingeka zidlule sokuhlushwa sethusa futhi ukuhlazeka (kuhlanganise nabo), kodwa akazange anikeze noma iluphi amagama. AmaNazi walengiswa intombazane, kodwa ngisho lapho kukhishwa, yena akazange alahlekelwe isibindi futhi ngokuthi abantu baseSoviet ukuthi abenze ukulwa abahlaseli German. Owesifazane wokuqala eseneminyaka kwakhe yaklonyeliswa Hero isihloko eSoviet Union.

isi-Byelorussian SSR

Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela engabandlululi e Belarus wawuqala ngo-1941 kuya 1944. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kwanqunywa eziningi imisebenzi ekahle, oyinhloko owawungumnyaka isiphelo sesimiso izitimela German kanye ujantshi amathrekhi ngqo abathuthela kulo.

Izishoshovu lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 enikeziwe usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa ekulweni abahlaseli. 87 babo baklonyeliswa umklomelo eliphakeme lempi eSoviet Union. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Marat Kasei, umfanyana oneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala, unina ophethwe wabulawa amaJalimane angasiboni. Ahlangana khona neqembu engabandlululi ukuvikela ilungelo labo lenkululeko futhi aphile ukuphila okujabulisayo. Njengoba abadala, wayifeza izabelo.

Ngaphambi yokunqoba Marat akazange aphile isikhathi eside ngonyaka. Washona ngo-May 1944. Wonke Ukufa empini uqobo esiyinhlekelele, kodwa kanjani lapho efelwa ingane iba eziphindwe kazinkulungwane buhlungu.

Marat nge umlawuli wakhe babuyela endlunkulu. Ngephutha bahlangana German-ingajezisa. Umlawuli wabulawa ngokushesha, mfana kuphela ubuhlungu. Kokudubula emuva, wanyamalala ehlathini, kodwa amaJalimane wamxosha. Nakuba ayengenayo inkinga ngokuthi phezu amachashazi, Marat ushiye jaha. Wabe wazithathela isinqumo esibalulekile. Umfana ayephethe iziqhumane ezimbili. Omunye masinyane aphonswe iqembu namaJalimane yesibili labetibambile uvalwe esandleni sakhe kuze lizungezwe. Khona-ke washaya ke, bahamba ekukhanyeni amasosha aseJalimane.

Ukrainian SSR

Guerillas e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe phezu endaweni ye-USSR zimunye 53 uxhumano amayunithi 2145 namaqembu 1807, engamaphesenti abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-220.

Phakathi umyalo eyinhloko ukunyakaza engabandlululi e-Ukraine bungabonakala K. I. Pogorelova, MI Karnauhova, S. A. Kovpaka, S. V Rudneva, A. F. Fedorova nabanye.

Sidor Artemevich Kovpak ngu Stalin wahlanganyela nokugqugquzela Kwesokudla Bank Ukraine, okuyinto cishe esingasebenzi. It is for kuhlasela ZaseCarpathos, yena yanikezelwa ongomunye wemiklomelo.

Michael Karnaukhov wahola ukunyakaza Donbass. Abangaphansi kanye bendawo ngelika kuye "Batya" ngokuba nobudlelwane nomuntu ngemfudumalo. Ubaba wabulawa amaJalimane ngo-1943. Izakhamuzi ngasese nemizana matasa bahlangana ebusuku ukungcwaba induna amnike udumo olufanele.

Heroes abashokobezi kweMpi Yezwe II Kamuva zingcwatshwe. Karnaukhov kuhlala Slavyansk, lapho isidumbu sakhe zihanjiswe ngo-1944, lapho indawo yakhululwa abahlaseli German.

Phakathi Karnauhova lamabutho labhujiswa ngo 1304 undlovukayiphikiswa (12 babe izikhulu).

Estonia SSR

Kakade ngo-July 1941, i-oda wanikwa ukwakheka yabashokobezi iyunithi endaweni yase-Estonia. umyalo wakhe wawuhlanganisa B. G. Kumm, NG Karotamm, Y. H. Lauristin.

Izishoshovu lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 ibhekene isithiyo cishe zingenakunqobeka kuyinto e-Estonia. Inani elikhulu labantu bendawo babenobungane amaJalimane, abahlaseli ngisho wajabula nje kwaqondana ezinjalo.

Yingakho kule ndawo kwadingeka omkhulu izinhlangano amandla komhlaba namaqembu bangamavukela-mbuso, okuyinto kwakufanele ngaphezulu ucabangisise ngokusebenzisa zithuthwa zakho, ngoba akhashelwa kungalindeleka kuphi.

Heroes kweSoviet Union zaqala noLeena Kuhlman (esingu amaJalimane ngo-1943 njengoba Soviet intelligence solwazi) kanye uVladimir Fedorov.

Latvian SSR

Kuze 1942, imisebenzi abashokobezi eLatvia ingahambi kahle. Lokhu kwakubangelwa yokuthi iningi izishoshovu kanye nabaholi party wayebulewe ekuseni kule mpi, abantu kwadingeka ukulungiselela abampofu, kokubili emzimbeni ngokwezimali. Ngenxa izigijimi ezilahla abendawo lachithwa ngamaNazi, akukho nhlangano ngomshoshaphansi. Ezinye abashokobezi nobuqhawe kweMpi Yezwe II wafa nameless, hhayi ukunikeza hhayi skoprometirovat akanye nalo.

Ngemva 1942, le nhlangano uye waqinisa, abantu baqala ukufika e amaqembu isifiso sokusiza ngokwezimali bese ngikhululeka, ngoba abahlali German wathumela emakhulwini Estonia Abheke EJalimane umsebenzi onzima.

Phakathi abaholi Estonia yabashokobezi qembu Arthur Sproģis, ukuqeqeshwa owawusedolobheni Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya. Kuthiwa nguye futhi owenza okukhulunywe ngawo encwadini ka Hemingway, "Kobani Bell nemigwaqo ekhokhelwayo".

Lithuanian SSR

On insimu amaqembu alezi zishoshovu Lithuanian lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 bakhiqiza amakhulu izenzo ukuketula, umphumela elabhujiswa cishe 10,000 amaJalimane.

Lapho lonke inani abashokobezi kubantu 9187 (kuphela amagama setha) kukhona Heroes eziyisikhombisa eSoviet Union:

1. Yu Yu Aleksonis. Underground umsakazo opharetha, wabulawa empini ukungalingani, sizungezwe amaJalimane ngo-1944.
2. SP Apivala. Ngokwami wabhubhisa eziyisikhombisa echelons isitha nezinhlamvu.
3. GI Boris. Umkhuzi ukuketula iqembu elikhethekile, wabulawa amaGestapo izandla, ngemuva kokuphothulwa eyisiboshwa 1944.
4. AM Cheponis. Radio opharetha, owabulawa ngo-1944 empini olulodwa ngokumelene amaJalimane amayunithi. Killed nge 20 amaNazi.
5. M. I. Melnikayte. Yena elathunjwa owawuba sokuhlushwa lonke isonto, ngaphandle ethi amaNazi akuzona amagama, kodwa ayikwazanga ngempama esinye sezikhonzi we Wehrmacht ebusweni. Shot ngo-1943.
6. BV Urbanavichus. Wabhekisa amabombo siphambukisa iqembu amaqembu alezi zishoshovu.
7. YT Vitas. Inhloko-Lithuanian komhlaba engabandlululi. Yena elathunjwa wadubula ngamaNazi, ngemva yokulahlwa ngumkhapheli ngo-1943.

Heroes abashokobezi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ka 1941 - 1945 e Lithuania balwa, hhayi nje laba bahlaseli, kodwa futhi ne-Lithuanian Liberation Army, okungadingi anqunywe namaJalimane wadinga ukuchitha amasosha amaSoviet nasemakamu Polish.

iMoldavian SSR

Phakathi neminyaka emine amaqembu yabashokobezi endaweni Moldova, amaNazi angaba yizinkulungwane 27 nabahlanganyeli zabo zabulawa. Ngenxa yabo nokubhujiswa omningi nezempi, izinhlamvu, ingamakhilomitha angu-lemigqa. Heroes abashokobezi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe 1941 - 1945 abathintekayo ekukhishweni emaflaya nolwazi amanqampunqampu ukuze silondoloze isibindi yomphakathi kanye nokholo kwaba ngukunqoba.

Ababili - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - V I. Timoschuk (induna compounds Okokuqala baseMoldova) futhi uN M. Frolov (14 izitimela isiJalimane yasha ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe).

ukumelana Jewish

amaqembu luyingxenye Jewish wenkululeko 70 ezisebenza endaweni ye-USSR. Umgomo wayo kwakuwukuba namabhomu ugcine esele emaJudeni.

Ngeshwa, amabutho abangamaJuda babekuthola ukubhekana anti-lwamaSemite, ngisho phakathi abashokobezi Soviet. Iningi lazo wayengafuni ukunikeza noma yikuphi ukwesekwa kulaba bantu futhi intsha Jewish amayunithi abo athathwa ngokungathandi.

Iningi amaJuda ababaleki kusukela ghetto. Ngokuvamile izingane ziyanakekelwa phakathi kwabo.

Izishoshovu lweMpi Enkulu Patriotic ka 1941 - 1945 Wenza umsebenzi omkhulu, inqobo usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa kuya iRed Army e yokukhululwa zakhona ezabelwe, wanqoba amaFascist German.