Abashayeli - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Abashayeli - kathathu Heroes kweSoviet Union

Abafana abaningi ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II Wayefisa ukuba abashayeli bezindiza. Akekho wacabanga kakhulu, indlela kanzima ezindiza emkhathini. Izingane wacabanga ukuthi abashayeli bezindiza - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - romance ukuthi uthola injabulo enkulu lapho ngiphawula indiza.

Njengoba abashayeli bezindiza lokuqala Heroes got isihloko yabo?

Ngokokuqala ngqá isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa waklonyeliswa ngo-1934, nakuba selokhu kwasekelwa isimo yiSoviet kwaze kwaba ngo-1939 kwakungekho izimpi, okusho combat ohambweni abashayeli akazange amlandele. Qaphela ukuthi abashayeli babe Heroes wokuqala weSoviet Union. La magama Awaziwa kahle kakhulu njengoba abanye amagama abashayeli bezindiza WWII isikhathi. Ake ukhumbule ukuthi ngubani lezi pilot lokuqala - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa.

Njengoba yaziwa, ngo-1934 sekudlule ukusebenza yokutakula Chelyuskin. asindise abantu kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle iqhaza indiza. Nokho, imishini ngaleso sikhathi namanje kabi athuthukile, futhi umphumela omuhle umsebenzi wokutakula yayingatholakala kuphela sibonga bomsebenzi kanye ubuqhawe we-pilot.

Eyokuqala Heroes lwamagama

UNikolai Kamanin Gold Star Hero letimele letinombolo 1 kwaba eneminyaka engu-engu-25. Wenza 9 izindiza phezu kwe-Arctic, wamkhipha ngenkathi abantu 34 (phezu lushone ophihliza iqhwa "Chelyuskin" nezisebenzi lalinabashumayeli abantu 104). Isithombe posted ngezansi, lubonisa Kamanin kwesokunxele.

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi mission ukuhlenga amatilosi kwaba ukuthi izwe ngaleso sikhathi engakaze wafunda ngokwanele. Futhi, bandisa akazange ngokugcwele ukuthembeka izinjini, ngoba ibanga elide okunjalo lapho namanje cishe akazange fly.

Michael Vodopianov wenza ezintathu Ukuhamba nzima, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho ukwazi ukulondoloza abantu abangaphezu kuka-10. Ohlukile lesi iqhaza wendiza ukusebenza wokutakula wukuthi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi ulimele kakhulu futhi welashelwa isikhathi eside. Iziphathimandla azizange ngifune ukuvuma ke ukuhlinzwa, kodwa wagomela.

Futhi, lezi pilot babehileleke lo msebenzi - Heroes kweSoviet Union, u-Ivan Doronin, Sigismund Levanevsky Basil ubisi, Mauritius Slepnyov. umshayeli ngamunye edlale indima enkulu kakhulu ekuletheni imbangela ekulondolozeni abantu e-Arctic Ocean.

Impi nama-pilot ezinkulu

Ukuhlaziya oda ku bhunga isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa sika neMpi Yezwe II inkathi, sithola kuyibika ezithakazelisayo: ngaphezu kuka-50% akhethiwe amaqhawe edume ukuvikela ezweni lakithi kubahlaseli - kuyinto umshayeli. Yiqiniso, le mpi phansi kanzima kakhulu, kodwa Ukuqhatha phansi nzima nakakhulu. Izinga isibindi, ukukhuthazela pilot Soviet siyamangalisa. Abashayeli kweMpi Yezwe II - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa babamba iqhaza elikhulu ukuze ukunqoba Soviet phezu eJalimane lobuNazi.

Kule ngxenye, kuyafaneleka kokukhuluma mayelana Alekseya Mareseva noPetru Shemendyuk. Lezi zinhlamvu, ngisho ngokumelene ukulimala okhandlayo baqhubeka bekhonza zezindiza.

Ngokwesibonelo, Maresiev - Usebenza owaziwa hero Boris Polevoy "Indaba Indoda Yangempela".

indiza yakhe wadutshulwa phansi angaphakanyiswa phezu kwendawo, esiyinyama esilawulwa ngesikhathi amaJalimane angasiboni. Khipha umshayeli akakwazanga. Wawa phansi kanye umshini. Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba ngesikhathi athelele phansi ke uyakhishwa kusukela cab. Kwaphela izinsuku ezingu-18 kukhasa iqhawe ukufika front line. izingane Soviet ezitholakala esifundeni Novgorod. Ngemva kwalokho, isikhathi esithile welashwa emzaneni Novgorod. Ngemva ukwelashwa eside futhi okwalandelwa ukunqanyulwa imilenze yomibili wakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini kanti uzibophezele ngingubani kude umsebenzi ukulwa.

Fighter pilot - Heroes kweSoviet Union, ngokuvamile ngemva ukulimala wabuyela ngaphambili. Ngokusho eduduzayo, kodwa kuncane ezaziwa 20 pilot Soviet walwa amaNazi imilenze unqanyulwe izingalo noma ezinye yokulimala kabi zomzimba.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akukhona kodwa okuye kwaba ukulwa nakho lokuqala abaningi kweMpi Yezwe II-pilot. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi abaningi ebuthweni lempi laseSoviet waba nengxenye ekulweni e-Spain (kulwiwa). Ngokwesibonelo, omunye abashayeli bezindiza Aces 1930 kubhekwe Sergey Gritsevets. Belarusian ngobuzwe, wazalwa ngo-1909 esifundazweni Grodno. Indiza wafika Komsomol ngo-1931. umlando umshayeli ngokolwazi ezisemthethweni 40 ababeke izindiza.

Ukuthuthukiswa Soviet zezindiza wezempi

Abashayeli - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa wazibonisa ngesikhathi WWII. Nakuba ekuqaleni abantu lobuchwepheshe ezingeni izindiza German imishini aphakeme kanye nekhwalithi izindiza Soviet, kodwa amakhono ezingeni "red" abashayeli bezindiza kakade ngemva nje kwempi waqala ezingaphezu kuka kwavuzwa wonke amaphutha imishini.

Ukuthuthukiswa Soviet zezindiza wezempi empeleni kwenzeka phakathi nempi. Iqiniso liwukuthi ezinsukwini zakuqala yempi, iningi izindiza Soviet babhujiswa emhlabathini phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu amaNazi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, kungcono ngisho. Uma izindiza lokhuni wajoyina impi ne "Junkers", noma elinye fighter ngalesosikhathi they esasingeke ithuba lokuwina endaweni DogFight. Lokho kuzimisela amaNazi wasindisa ukuphila pilot eziningi zaseSoviet.

Phakathi nempi, ngokusho ukubala eseduzane, le Aces kweSoviet Air Force wadubula phansi phezu 4,000 the best izindiza German. Isilinganiselwa Soviet Aces ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa inani ababeke "Junkers". Ake sixoxe ngayinye phezulu eceleni.

Ivan Kozhedub - inganeko zezindiza Soviet

Legendary Ivan Kozhedub wazalwa ngo-1920 endaweni yase-Shostka District of yesimanje Sumy esifundeni Ukraine. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni ngo-1934 wabhalisa eKolishi Chemical Technology. zezindiza umsebenzi isikhathi eside ke was hhayi ningi than yokuzilibazisa. Indlela Kozhedub e zezindiza owaqala ngokuvukela ebuthweni lezempi, ngo-1940. On the front kwaba ngasekupheleni 1942, ngemva usebenza esikoleni zezindiza instrukturom. By the way, impi yokuqala emoyeni ngoba umshayeli edume ingase ibe kokubili zokugcina futhi, ngoba indiza yakhe ihlaselwe lokuqala namaJalimane ke "". Lokhu kuhlola Kozhedub ngasinda futhi wakwazi wafaka imoto. In the photo, abekwe ngezansi, sikhonjiswa ngakwesokudla.

pilot okunjalo - kathathu Hero kweSoviet Union, u-Ivan Kozhedub baba ochwepheshe endaweni yabo ngokushesha. Abadingi isikhathi esiningi ukulungisa. Ngakho, nakuba Kozhedub fly ngemuva kwengozi. isikhathi Sidereal umshayeli ifikile ngesikhathi Battle of eKursk. Ngo ezimbalwa nje nokuhlasela ngoJulayi 1943, wakwazi ukudubula phasi 4 "Junkers". Ngaphambi ekuqaleni kuka-1944 ne irekhodi hero, kwakukhona ngokunqoba eziningana kunabantu. Kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi, wakwazi ukudubula phasi 18 izindiza lokhu brand.

Amalotha Vorozheikin nezinye Heroes kabili kweSoviet Union

Lo mphumela akuyona sadlulwa noyedwa, futhi wakwazi ukuphinda Vorozheikin Arseny Aleksandrovich kuphela. Lokhu umshayeli iye kabili idunyiswe Star of the Hero. Umphumela ukulwa Vorozheykina - 46 wadubula phansi izindiza isitha. Ngaphandle kwakhe, bandisa - Hero kabili zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - kuyinto:

• Alekseenko uVladimir Avramovic;
• U-Aleksey Alelyukhin Aleksey vasilevich;
• Amet-Khan Sultan;
• Andrianov Vasily;
• Begeldinov Talgat Yakubekovich;
• Leonid Ignatievich lwenhlupheko;
• Coast George T. ;
• Gulaev Nikolay Dmitrievich;
• Sergey Prokofevich Denisov.

Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - abashayeli test

Ukuze ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo zezindiza ubuchwepheshe kumelwe iphumelele ekuhlolweni indiza. Ngenxa yalesi umsebenzi yokuhlola pilot. Isikhathi esining impela basuke befaka ukuphila kwabo engozini, ngoba senye indiza lapho akekho oseke zafinyelela. Abaningi baye yaklonyeliswa iNkanyezi Hero-USSR. I evelele kunazo test umshayeli ubunjiniyela aeronautical of nenkathi yamaSoviet ubhekwa Valery Chkalov.

Crews eholwa Chkalov wenza 2 irekhodi ngesikhathi sawo imali (kusuka eMoscow kuya Vancouver nge-North Pole futhi eMoscow kuye eMpumalanga Ekude). ubude umzila eVancouver kwaba 8504 km.

Phakathi kwezinye test pilot Soviet Kumele kuqashelwe UStepan Mikoyan uVladimir Averyanov, Mikhail Gromov, Ivana Dzyubu, uNikolai Zamyatin futhi Mikhail Ivanov. Eziningi zalezi pilot imfundo lokuqala kwakungewona lobuchwepheshe, kodwa kwakuyiyo yonke zezindiza isabelo elite esinye isici: baye athuthukiswe ukuqeqeshwa theory ngesikhathi emoyeni Club uhlelo. uhlobo abafundi esikoleni enjalo bavunyelwa ukuba bathole ukuqeqeshwa theory ne practical ezingeni eliphezulu.

Soviet phansi kuhlasela izindiza we WWII

pilot Attack izindiza, Heroes kweSoviet Union, neminyaka yempi, thatha zanda uhlu lwabantu buboniswa ngokuba imiklomelo isimo sezakhiwo zabo ngesikhathi izimpi uzibona 1941-1945. Ngokusho idatha zomlando, isihloko Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa lathola kuka 2.200 pilot. Futhi stormtroopers ohlwini kungatholakala kakhulu (860 amagama).

Njengoba abameleli lolu hlobo bezindiza libala eziningi kabili Heroes Union. Njengoba yaziwa, amabili nobuqhawe Gold Stars kwadingeka ukuba lakhe lesikweletu 65 abashayeli bezindiza. Lolu uhlu stormtroopers futhi kuthatha indawo yokuqala (27 abantu).

Ubani owayengakhokha uthole kathathu isihloko Hero?

Aleksandru Ivan Pokryshkin Kozhedub - lezi bamabhanoyi, kathathu Hero kweSoviet Union, e ngamagama egolide elalibhalwe amagama abo emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

Iqiniso lokuthi kathathu uMbuso waphawula ukuthi ezinegunya kwabantu abathathu kuphela. Ngaphandle abashayeli ababili, it is kusukela ezinsukwini inguquko wezempi Amalotha Mihaylovich Budenny ezaziwayo. Pokryshkin wathola imiklomelo yabo ngemiyalo yezikhulu 24 Meyi no-24 Agasti 1943, 19 August 1944. Ivan Kozhedub imakwe ngomyalo we webutho Februwari 4 no 19 Agasti 1944, kanye ngemva kwaphela impi ngo-August 1945.

Umnikelo ka-pilot zaseSoviet ukunqoba isitha ibalulekile!