Yini ongayibona eGeorgia? Ezokuvakasha nezithombe zabo

Uma unquma ukuthi uzobukeka kanjani eGeorgia, khumbula ukuthi leli zwe lingenye yezindela ze-Orthodoxy. Indawo yezintaba kanye nokuzihlukanisa okuvela kuyo yonke imiphakathi yaseYurophu yadala lapha zonke izimo zokubukeka kwezinto ezimangalisayo zokwakha.

Vardzia

Kufaka indawo eyinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo ze-Vardzia (noma i-Vardzia), elitholakala ngqo emaphandleni. Konke lokhu ngokuqinisekile kukhumbuza imiphakathi yokuqala yamaKristu, ukufihla ezintabeni zaseKapadokiya nezinye izifundazwe zase-Asia zoMbuso WaseRoma.

I-Vardzia cishe izakhiwo ezingaba ngu-600, kubandakanya izinkolo (amasonto, amasonto, amaseli), kanye nezomnotho (amakamelo okubuka, amabhati). Lapha kugeleza uMfula iMtkvari, phezu kwazo zonke lezi zakhiwo ezimangalisayo. Yonke into eyinkimbinkimbi isethelwe cishe engamakhilomitha. Ukuphakama kwalo kufana nobukhulu bendlu yesishiyagalombili.

Isakhiwo esiyinhloko seVardzia yithempeli lapho usengakwazi khona ukubona izithombe zababusi baseGeorgia baseMiddle Ages - uGeorge III noTamara. Lapho i-monastery yasungulwa ngekhulu le-XII, wenza imisebenzi yenqaba. I-bastion yavikela leli zwe kusuka komakhelwane balo baseningizimu - amaSulumane kanye namademoni. Ikwazi ukuhlala egodini ngobukhulu bezinkulungwane ezingu-50 zabantu.

Mtskheta

Ukuvakashela eGeorgia kuvame ukufaka inhloko-dolobha yokuqala yakuleli zwe. Lona nguMtskheta. Lapha, ekhulwini le-IV, ubuKristu buvunyelwe ngokomthetho - kuningi emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Isimo senhloko-dolobha lapha saqhubeka kuze kube sekhulu le-V, lapho sithunyiselwa eTbilisi.

Lezi zindawo zigcwele umlando weBhayibheli. Amakhilomitha angu-50 ukusuka lapha yiNtaba i-Ararat. Kukhona lapho, njengoba kukholelwa, uMphongolo kaNowa wawuthatha emva kukaZamcolo.

Naphezu kokuthi idolobha lisebenza ngokuzikhandla, izakhiwo zomlando zakudala zihlala ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okuthembekile, kufaka phakathi kwemizamo ye-UNESCO. Amakhilomitha amabili avela lapha yizinsalela ze-Armazi, indawo yokuhlala yasendulo eyasungulwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu. Lona kwakuyindawo engcwele yamaqaba ase-Iberia kwaze kwafika umphathi wamaRoma uPompey lapha (ngo-65 BC).

Lokhu kwanele ukuqonda ukuthi yini ongayibona eGeorgia. Kodwa-ke, eMtskheta ungathola futhi i-Monasteri yeSamtavro. Yasungulwa ngekhulu le-IV yiNkosi iNkosi uMirian III - umbusi wokuqala wamaKristu wezwe.

Svetitskhoveli

Lapho, eMtskheta, kukhona ithempeli, okwakuyiminyaka eyinkulungwane yokwakhiwa kwezenkolo zaseGeorgia. Ngenxa yenani laso eliphakeme, iSvetitskhoveli ihlelwe njengeSayithi leMagugu eNhlaba. Ukuya eGeorgia kuzobe kungaphelele ngaphandle kokuvakashela le ndawo.

Ehunyushwe ngesiRussia, igama lingasho "insika yokunikeza impilo". Lesi yisakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke zomlando, esilondolozwe eGeorgia kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi.

Ekuqaleni kule sayithi kwakunesonto lezinkuni, elakhiwe ngekhulu le-IV. Kwakuyindawo yokungcwaba yeRbobe likaKristu, inhlonipho ehlonishwayo. Ngeshwa, akukho okusele kwesakhiwo.

Kamuva, kwavela i-basilica lapha, isisekelo sayo satholakala ema-70s ekhulwini lama-20 ngemizamo yabavubukuli baseSoviet. Ekugcineni, ekhulwini lama-11, isitelesi esonakalisiwe yafakwa esikhundleni sethempelini leSvetitskhoveli.

Uhambo oluya eGeorgia lunikeza ithuba lokujabulela ukuklanywa okwakungavamile kwalolu sakhiwo. Umlando wokwakhiwa kwethempeli kwakuyisisekelo sencwadi kaNonstantin Gamsakhurdia, ebhalwe ngo-1939. Incwadi yakhe ethi "The Hand of the Great Master", eyanyatheliswa okokuqala ngesiGeorgia, yamukelwa ngempumelelo e-USSR futhi ibhalwe nguStalin.

Uplistsikhe

Akukude neGori yinye isikhumbuzo esikhulu sokuzikhethela kwendawo. Lezi yizinsalela ze-Uplistsikhe edolobheni, elisezingeni elikhulu lomhume. Ukuyingqayizivele kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa kungukuthi sekuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana ubudala, futhi kuzo zonke lezi zikhathi kwakukhona amasiko amaningana ahlukene, okuyilowo nalowo owagcina into ethile. Kwakukhona yonke i-kaleidoscope, ebamba ukuphila kwabantu bendawo amakhulu eminyaka.

Uma ungazi ukuthi yini ongayibona eGeorgia, khona-ke thatha amathikithi eGori ukuze ufike ku-Uplistsikhe. Idolobha lahluma izikhathi eziningi, laphinde lashiywa yizakhamuzi futhi lavuselelwa kabusha. Amahholo amakhulu, imigudu engaqondakaliyo, nezinye izakhiwo - konke lokhu kuqoshwe edwaleni eliyidwala.

Endaweni ethile emngceleni wesibili nonyaka wokuqala we-BC kwakukhona izakhiwo zokuqala zenkolo zamaqaba. Akukude nalapha emagqumeni kwakukhona nokuhlala okubhekene neBronze Age. Noma kunjalo, i-cataclysm engaziwa yaphoqa izakhamuzi ukuba zihambe bese zihla emaphandleni.

Umuzi wawungeyona yimuphi umbuso futhi wawuhlala ngaphandle komakhelwane bawo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ngaleso sikhathi i-Uplistsikhe yayithengiswa ngeMidiya eseduze.

Ukukhula komuzi kwakubonakala ngokuphawulekayo ekuqaleni kwenkathi yethu, lapho imali ivela emigwaqweni yokuhweba phakathi kweMpumalanga neYurophu. Ngaphambi kokuza kobuKristu lapha bakhulekela onkulunkulu bomhlaba, i-Sun nezinye izakhi. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kombuso waseGeorgia Uplistsikhe wafinyelela osukwini lwawo. Nokho, ukuhlasela kweMongolia ngekhulu le-13 kwaqeda ubukhulu bakhe. Futhi nakuba kamuva kwaphinde kwaqashwa izikhathi eziningana, kwakungenakufinyelela ezingeni layo langaphambili. Emaphandleni ekugcineni washiywa ekhulwini le-XIX. Noma kunjalo, akekho umuzi waseGeorgia oyokwenza umqondo onjengalezi zinsizwa ezinhle kakhulu.

I-Cathedral yase-Alaverdi

IKakheti yisifunda esisempumalanga yeGeorgia. Yena, njengasentshonalanga yezwe, ucebile ezintweni. Ngakho nanku, kukhona okumele ubone eGeorgia.

Isibonelo, ekhulwini le-XI ithempeli lase-Alaverdi lakhiwe lapha. Isakhiwo sesilondoloze imidwebo yangempela kusukela ekhulwini le-XV. Ngeshwa, ubufakazi obuningi bokudala besikhathi babhubha, njengoba ithempeli lalivame ukubhujiswa ngabasihlali.

Izinikezelwe eSt. George futhi isikhathi eside kwakuyithempeli eliphakeme kunazo zonke kulelizwe. Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sizungezwe udonga lwamatshe, ngaphakathi lapho kunezakhiwo eziningi. Kuyinsimbi yebell, amahholo okubuka kabusha, kanye nesigodlo esincane. Lapha amakhosi aseKakhetian angcwatshwa. Amathuna abo asengatholakala egcekeni lethempeli. Basesithakazelo ekucwaningweni kwemvubukulo. Ukuvakashela eGeorgia ngokuvamile kufaka leli phuzu lomzila.

Borjomi

Ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi i-resort, i-park kazwelonke kanye nomkhiqizo odumile emhlabeni wonke wemithi yokwelapha. Ukuya eGeorgia ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle kwalezi zindawo ezimangalisayo.

Amanzi amaminerali akhishwa emgodini, okwakuyisikhathi eside ukuvakashela indawo eholide. Kubandakanya izivakashi zenkosi eza lapha. Inkosi yamaRomanovs yayinezindlu zayo lapha, eyasinda kuze kube yilolu suku.

Ukushisa okulinganiselwe, okuphikelela kokubili ehlobo nobusika, kunethonya elihle empilweni. Lena yindawo enhle kakhulu yokukhulula ukucindezeleka futhi uthole amandla isikhathi eside. Amabhati amatshe atholakala lapha futhi ahlobene namakhulu eminyaka adlule abonisa ukuthi izindawo ezizuzisayo zamanzi zendawo zaziwa esikhathini esidlule.

Ananuri

I-landscape yaseGeorgia igcwele imigodi, okuye kwaba yindlela ebalulekile yokuthutha. Phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi, babeqashwe njenge-apula esweni labo, ngoba ngokuvamile lokhu kwakungendlela kuphela isitha esingafika ngaso. Ngakho-ke, kwakhiwa izindlu ezinqabeni, okwakunzima kakhulu ukuthatha ngenxa yezinqaba ezinkulu nezinzuzo ezikhundleni.

Esinye isisindo esinjalo sasingu-Ananuri. Inqaba ingamakhilomitha angu-70 kuphela ukusuka enhloko-dolobha yaseTbilisi, ngakho kulula ukufika. Njengamanye amadolobha aseGeorgia, inqaba eyakhiwe kahle yayiyisimo esibalulekile samabutho aseRussia ngenkathi izwe lihlanganyela neRussia ngekhulu le-19. Imibhoshongo eqinisekisiwe namathempeli yenza umbono oqinile ngisho nalabo asebajwayele umbala wendawo.

I-Gelati Monastery

Leli yizindela eziyinhloko zaseGeorgia zasendulo, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakuhlala izikhulu eziphakeme kakhulu zeSonto lendawo kusukela ngekhulu le-16 kuya kwele-19. Ngawo-1990, kwaziwa njengeSayithi leMagugu eNhlaba, okusho ukuvikelwa okungeziwe ku-UNESCO.

Kunezithombe eziyingqayizivele lapha, okuyinto iGeorgia ayinayo. Ukubuyekeza mayelana nale ndawo kuhlala kukhanya kakhulu futhi kukhanye kakhulu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemvelo kwaqala ukwakha ekhulwini le-XII futhi kwaqhubeka amakhulu eminyaka.

Gudauri

Ekuphetheni, sizogodla ekuhambeni komlando futhi siyodluliselwa ezindaweni zokubhuka eziqhwaqhwa ngeqhwa. I-Mountain-Skiing i-Georgia ikhula isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa kakade manje sekuyiyona yodwa inhloso yezivakashi ezivakashela leli zwe.

Enye yezindawo zokungcebeleka ezithandwa kakhulu kuthiwa yiGudauri. Kukhona konke okushiwo amaholidi asebenzayo futhi aqhakazile. Izintaba zaseCaucasus ziyingqayizivele nomoya ohlanzekile ozojabulisa noma ngubani.

Eyaziwayo ikakhulukazi lapha ensimini nezintombi. Kuyinto ithrekhi enkulu yama-freeride. Kwabaqalayo e-resort, intiza yokuqeqesha enebude bamamitha ayi-600 ivulekile. Ukuze usheshe ukhuphukele phezulu kakhulu enkingeni, ungasebenzisa izimoto zekhebula, eziningana. Ngakho uhambo oluya eGeorgia aluqinisekisi nje ukuhamba okuthakazelisayo nolusizo, kodwa futhi nokuzwa okuningi okwedlulele.