Yini nokuhlinzwa ubuchopho?

Neurosurgery - igatsha okuqhubekayo imithi elibhekene nomse- izindlela kuhlinzwa ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa. Uhlu pathologies ekwelapheni okuyinto waziphatha neurosurgery, kuyinto ehluke ebanzi, kodwa ngokuvamile ongoti leli dili ensimini nalesi sifo, imithelela ukulimala kobuchopho esikhungathekisayo futhi pathologies ka emgogodleni nezinzwa neuropathy.

Nasi umlando neurosurgery

Neurosurgery ubhekwa isayensi ngokulinganiswa ayemncane, okuyinto etholakala endaweni ehlukile imithi kuphela-g 20 kwekhulu XX. Nokho, singasho ukuthi imisebenzi yokuqala neurosurgical yayiqhutshelwa ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngokwesibonelo, encwadini Gippokarata "Ngo amanxeba ekhanda," eyabhalwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2000 edlule, incazelo eningiliziwe the craniotomy. Operations Yekhanda futhi kwenziwe X-XI eminyaka e Kiev Rus, njengoba kufakazelwa okutholakele eziningi nemivubukulo.

Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa izifo zezinzwa

Uma une izinsolo yisiphi isifo sokukhubazeka komgogodla noma ubuchopho - ke kudingeka libheke udokotela ohlinza izinzwa. Nge izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa hhayi trifled, ngakho musa ukuzindela ukuvakashela udokotela. Phakathi kokubonisana udokotela bazoyilalela izikhalazo zakho, futhi zizodingida izifundo ezidingekayo, futhi esekelwe idatha etholwe bayoninikela ukuxilongwa futhi linqume ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu.

Neurosurgery buhlobene eduze izinkomba ezifana neurophysiology Medicine Clinical, Radiology, futhi bekholelwa kulokho behlola izindlela zabo zokuqeqesha ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa. Ngakho, ngokuvamile kakhulu izifo zezinzwa cwaningo:

• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ubuchopho noma umgogodla
• Ultrasonography zobuchopho
• CT (tomography ngekhompyutha) ingqondo
• Echoencephalography (EhoEG)
• angiography
• -X-ray yomgogodla
• Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuba uxhumane nabanye ongoti ewumngcingo

ukusebenza Neurosurgical angabelwa yezifo ezifana:

• Abahlukahlukene sezinzwa uhlelo ukuhlukumezeka
• Neuropathy nerve ukulimala
• Izifo, kanye nezinye izifo ezithile zesimiso sezinzwa
• isimila esibulalayo noma ingozi zobuchopho nomgogodla (epidermoid, hemangioblastoma, meningiomas, pituitary adenoma, kraniofaringeoma et al.)
• Izifo yomgogodla (hernia intervertebral, sciatica, ukhwaliti ubuhlungu emuva, discitis, umgogodla intambo kokucindezelwa, njll).
• isithuthwane
• Parkinson
• Stroke nakwezinye iziyaluyalu kwegazi ebuchosheni (useshonile, stenosis semithambo, thrombosis, kombungu arteriovenous zobuchopho noma umgogodla).

imisebenzi Neurosurgical zingahlukaniswa zibe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ukuhlinzwa Neurooncological (ekususweni asebuchosheni nomgogodla izimila, umgogodla isimila ukususwa, ukususwa izimila neuropathy isimiso sezinzwa)
• Ukuhlinzwa ku yomgogodla (Fusion umgogodla, microdiscectomy, corporectomy, corporodesis, sinjalo ka sengozini umgogodla, vertebroplasty)
• Ngezinye craniocerebral ukuhlinzwa ukuhlukumezeka (ukususwa hematoma, ukwelashwa of waphuka, umnkantsha ngokuxhunyelelwa)
• Operations ku -peripheral nervous system (Umhubhe carpal ukuhlinzwa).

Indawo ebalulekile neurosurgery kuyinto neurooncology, elibhekene nomse- ukuphathwa kuhlinzwa zobuchopho nomgogodla izimila. A impumelelo enkulu ekwelapheni izifo zezinzwa kwaba ukwethulwa indlela stereotactic, okuvumela neurosurgeons ukwenza imisebenzi ezingxenyeni olujulile zobuchopho, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane. Isigaba of Neurosurgery, ngubani Honeyman imisebenzi efanayo nalena ebizwa ngokuthi neurosurgery stereotactic.

Okwamanje, ukuhlinzwa kwengqondo ingenye izindawo lesichubekako kakhulu ekwelapheni. With ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini, ukwethulwa amasu amasha kanye ukunqwabelana isipiliyoni, manje kungenzeka ukwelapha iziguli ngaphambilini ezingelapheki.