Yelizarov esigodlweni: incazelo, umlando, amaqiniso athakazelisayo kanye nokubuyekeza

Phakathi zezindela ongcwele, kabusha ekuphileni ngemva kweminyaka ngokunganaki, saphinde saqala ezindongeni sokuphila okungokwenkolo futhi yelizarov esigodlweni, ababekade phambi inguquko, owesilisa. Kulezi zinsuku, wanikeza i izindelakazi aqotho ayefuna insindiso yemiphefumulo kanye athembekile azo zonke, okwasala ngemuva emhlabeni. On indlela ziningi futhi zaba nzima siwela lokhu abode engcwele iyoba indaba yethu.

uhambo olude the Euphrosyne indela

Ngokusho yetinsita esigodlweni yelizarov, okuyinto Itholakala amakhilomitha amabili nesishiyagalombili kusukela Pskov, yasungulwa ngo 1425 indela ephansi Snetogorsk sezindela Euphrosyne amzalela igama ka-Eleyazare emhlabeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Kwakuthi angiyeke umthetho kaNkulunkulu. Esigodini Videlibe lwakhe lwendabuko kusukela zisencane ukuba bafunde ukufunda ngokufunda imiBhalo, njengoba iminyaka wakhula, wathatha izifungo Izigodlo kanye zonke khulula wokulalela isikhathi esichithwa wezincwadi sezindela.

Okuningi isikhathi sokuqala wenkonzo wesigodlo Izigodlo wambusisa ukuya ngaphesheya kolwandle eConstantinople, ezingakabelwa bawa ngaphansi kokubusa Turkish, futhi iyisikhungo zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni emhlabeni - iRoma Okwesibili. Wayelapho simncenge oFata oNgcwele ukucaciswa ezinye izindaba yesonto okunzima ukuyiqonda, kwakungeyona indaba zokuphikisana phakathi kwabafowabo.

Ukwenza indlela olunzima futhi lifike kuleyo ndawo, monk Euphrosynus uyakufanelekela ukuba samukelwe ngu Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople, futhi ingxoxo naye uye wayiqonda konke, lokho sithunyelwe. kanjalo enze esiphathiswe ke ngokulalela, ivikelwe Nkulunkulu, Uyakujabulela wabuyela esigodlweni sakhe, lapho Watshela abafowethu ayekufundile kwezilwandle.

Vision wembulela indela

Ngemva kwalokho willed Euphrosynus ukukhazimulisa uJehova pustynnozhitelstva feat, okuyinto, njengoba sengike ebuzwa isibusiso wesigodlo (ngaphandle akunakwenzeka), ngaya sehlozi ihlathi eduze kweChibi Pskov, lapho emfudlaneni nameless esigodini lahlukaniswa laba amagatsha amabili. Lapho, ungene wena cell dabukisa icela umaluju esanda kuzalwa unkom 'idlayodwa ngomthandazo nangokunxusa sizindla Nkulunkulu.

Kodwa lutho kulotshiwe ukuthi kufihliwe ngaphansi kwesitsha isibani ukholo. Zathuthelekela ikhaya lakhe bonke abaye nabalangazelelekayo, ushiya izwe eziyize ezingenakusiza nezingenakophula, ukukhonza iNkosi. Ngokushesha, njengoba le nganekwane kusitshela, kwaba Euphrosynus umbono. Ephusheni acacile wabonakala kuye Multi abangcwele ohlakaniphile - obaba Orthodox futhi yayala ukwakha ezibanzi ihlathi sehlozi ithempeli likaNkulunkulu, ne ukusungula naye abode. Ngokusho kwabo wazalwa yelizarov esigodlweni.

ekubeni sezindela

Kwenziwe umsebenzi omkhulu ukubeka bazalwane, ihlathi korchuya futhi eqothula indawo ekuthintayo zonke izakhiwo ezidingekayo sezindela. Okuningi zabasebenzi Izindleko nokwakhiwa yesonto. Kodwa kuzo zonke izindela ngahlala umusa kaNkulunkulu, futhi ngokushesha kakhulu phakathi wokuziphilisa izihlahla zikaphayini kuze kube sezulwini abhidliza izindonga zayo. Wayelethwa ngayingcwelisa yokudumisa uMsindisi, iNkosi uJesu Kristu. Found eduze sezindela nesabasemhlabeni abashisekeli, musa skimp on iminikelo. bounties yabo abazalwane bakha izakhiwo eziningi, futhi atholwe emnothweni.

bakukhathalele ngokuyinhloko ukukhonza uNkulunkulu besese futhi bethuthuka ngokomoya, lapho-ke bathatha isibonelo nobaba ongcwele, bamdumisa uNkulunkulu Izenzo eziningi zokholo. Ukuba abe wesigodlo ka indlu yezindela eyasungulwa ngo-kuye, Euphrosynus yazuza eziningi abangane, okuzokwenza ekugcineni Usufike ekuqaleni sezindela entsha, eziye zabhekana ekhulwini eziningi nokuvivinywa okuningi, kodwa alukapheli kusukela ebusweni bomhlaba.

Yezivakashi kunazozonke sezindela liyalondolozwa e nezindonga zawo icon UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, kuyisipho esivela Umbhishobhi omkhulu waseConstantinople Gennady II. Wakhonza njengendlela yokubonisa embili, okuyinto wadlulela Russian iSonto emva kokuwa ngaphansi scimitars Turkish WaseByzantium udadewabo.

Filofei umdala

Ngemva indlela uyibanga elide futhi uyakhandla Euphrosynus waya eNkosini eneminyaka engu engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nanhlanu ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, ukuthatha igama wezindela-Eleyazare. Ukuze kuhlonishwe lokhu, futhi wamisa futhi uqambe Pskov yelizarov esigodlweni kuze kube manje ekhona. Impilo nenkonzo atehlukanisa baba okusanhlamvu okuhle bewile evundile, anda izizukulwane zesikhathi esizayo nobaba ongcwele owakhandleka ezindongeni yesigodlo.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke sazo Filofei umdala - yokuqala, waphawula mission esikhulu sabantu Russian futhi yendima yayo ekuqhubeleni isiphetho Lobu-Orthodox. Kuyinto kuye ngemva bamba waseConstantinople ngu abaseTurkey basonta amagama ukuhlubuka ukukhukhuleka okholweni lweqiniso, uSomnini akufake iconsi iRoma Okokuqala - Empire, uye wawela Latin lokuhlubuka, futhi ngemva kwaso yesibili - eByzantium, wangena inyunyana nabahlazisayo ne Latins (inyunyana). Kusukela manje zonke umthwalo ubumsulwa zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni ewela Russia. Wathembisa Nkulunkulu babe Okwesithathu iRoma nombuso wesine kuyobe kungasekho.

Yelizarov esigodlweni ngezindlela eziningi bakhonza imbangela ubunye emazweni Russian azungeze eMoscow, ekubeni isikhungo sabo esingokomoya futhi ubutha phakathi kwezingange zalo pundits eziningi. Nalapha futhi, izwe lonke bezwa izwi ixhegu Filofei ezasekela Grand UMbusi eMoscow ngegunya lakhe futhi ngaleyo ndlela zibeke engozini ezandleni zakhe izinso of the state omkhulu.

ukuphila obengeziwe abode ongcwele

Ngo 1574 yayakhiwe shrine eyinhloko yesigodlo - Cathedral of the Three iziKhulu. Wayelethwa ngayingcwelisa behlonipha Vasiliya Velikogo, Grigoriya Bogoslova futhi Ioanna Zlatousta, okwakukhona kulo kanye nombono St Euphrosynus nezinduna zayala ukuba adale le ndawo abode ongcwele.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, izilingo eziningi wahlupheka esigodlweni yelizarov (Pskov). Ngenxa we budebuduze nomngcele, uye sekukaningi bahlaselwa nabasePoland, naseLithuania futhi Knights Livonian. Ngokuphindaphindiwe acekeleke phansi, baphanga, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye imithandazo abazalwane uthululelwa kuye ngesihe saKhe uJehova, futhi elulama ukuphila Izigodlo phakathi amanxiwa namanje ukubhema.

Ngokuhamba le XVIII futhi XIX eminyaka yelizarov esigodlweni ngokuphindaphindiwe agcwaliswa ngenombolo nezinye izakhamuzi, ezaqedwa ngasizathu simbe noma ezinye izikhungo zezindela. Inani elikhulu izindela zazivela wangaphambili Velikopustynskogo isimo Monastery futhi Glinsky ehlane.

Njengoba baziwa izenzo ka wezindela wesigodlo Yuvinaliya, izindela esikhathini esindlule zangaphambi wamavukelambuso. Umsebenzi wakhe engakhathali eldership lwaqala, khudlwana inani lezakhamuzi kanye zesonto obukhazikhazi engakaze ibonwe. Kule minyaka engu-, isivakashi njalo Isigodlo bekulokhu Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, ukwenze ngokuphindaphindiwe igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini yayo balinikelela.

Iminyaka ngokunganaki nasebumnyameni obungokomoya

Ngemva amaBolshevik liqala ukubusa, lapho nje kokufel 'ukholo wathatha umndeni wasebukhosini kanye nezwe baphule kakhulu izisekelo okholweni, phakathi kwezinye zezindela ongcwele uyekwa futhi yelizarov esigodlweni. Esikhathini Pskov isifunda kuze kube yilapho 1925 wahlala esebenzayo sezindela ethempelini lombhishobhi kuphela, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kathathu ukubaluleka ziyathathwa, ayethi uzokwenza ngazo ukusiza belamba. Nokho, ngokushesha futhi yavalwa. Abaningi izindela ka wezindela badutshulwe ngaphandle kwecala. Ngo-1918, base bafakwa ezinqoleni ayiswe ehlathini. Akekho kubo bukhoma awabuyelanga khona.

Imizamo kabusha Isigodlo ngenxa ngendlela egxile ezintweni zezwe

Okukhulu kakhulu izakhiwo iziphathimandla ziye wazama ngokuphindaphindiwe ukungethusa ukuze uthole ukusetshenziswa, kodwa isikhathi ngasinye kushabalele. Esikhathini eko ngasekupheleni, ezibhuqiwe Isigodlo wadlulela omunye izikhungo Pskov, kodwa ngemuva kokuhluleka ukuzivumelanisa izifundo emabhilidini agugile, abafundi kanye nothisha ngokushesha wamyeka.

Ingloriously siphelile futhi inhlangano ngesikhathi sezindela okuyisibonelo wezolimo - akukho etshalwe ngenkani enqaba sikhule. Ngemva kwenza lo muntu owayekholelwa esigodlweni izikhathi eziningana ezashintsha abanikazi, ngokwethukela singabhujiswa njalo. Ngesikhashana nje, lo hulumeni omusha libhujisiwe ukuthi izindela wadala imisebenzi amakhulu amaningi eminyaka.

Buyela iBandla

Ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka eside ngokunganaki, Isigodlo lavuselelwa nokuphila kwekhulunyaka, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi njengoba nunnery. Ngo-May 2000, usethempelini lakhe labonakala okokuqala uzibophezele ehhovisi Episcopal, futhi kwaba ukuqala umlando omusha ehlukunyeziwe, kodwa wabuya abantu ngilahlekile. Ngesibusiso Yobungcwele yakhe Alexy II, prioress at oNgcwele Elizarovsky esigodlweni wamiswa indela Elizabeth (Belyaeva), eyakhiwa eminyakeni emihlanu isikhundla sokuba abbess.

Wesigodlo emsebenzini wokulungisa ngaphambi isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi ebuyela iSonto zonke izakhiwo zakuqala lombhishobhi kuphela isigamu-zonakale Trehsvyatitelsky, umzimba anobuhlobo, futhi usesimweni esibi, futhi ezinye izingxenye zencwadi udonga lwamatshe.

usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa sezindela kwadingeka DD academician kuleyo minyaka Likhachev, mathupha ukuvusela uNgqongqoshe wezamaSiko nge isicelo ukwabiwa kwezimali ukuze kulungiswe futhi ngokuletha kule ongoti abaqeqeshiwe. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe futhi ngosizo izakhamuzi ngabanye, futhi eziningi izinhlangano zomphakathi, waphumelela esikhathini esifishane ukuletha ifomu efanele ukuthi usengaphansi kokujeziswa yokutakula bese ubuyela abantu uMsindisi Elizarovsky esigodlweni.

Izibuyekezo pilgrim kanye nezivakashi

Nge ukuvuselelwa service Izigodlo esigodlweni sezindela sesigcwele izinkulungwane zakhe zamakholwa, labo isifiso liphila izimpande ezingokomoya, kusukela kudala uqinisa umphefumulo wabantu Russian. Engcwele ngoNgcwele Elizarovsky esigodlweni njalo ngonyaka liba zisabalele. Abantu ukuba ayokhulekela amasayithi yayo engcwele, phakathi okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu kukhona uphawu ngokuyisimangaliso laseTheotokos, "uTheodore" futhi "Tsaregradskaya" "noMsindisi Elizarovsky".

Maningi amakholwa futhi uyabasindisa abanomoya nje ngifuna indlela eya esontweni, ngokuvakashela Isigodlo, kokushiya amarekhodi e eziklanyelwe le ncwadi noma wabelane nakho kumawebhusayithi. Iningi lazo bhala mayelana injabulo yakhe ukuxhumana umlando eziphilayo yeRussia, umbono okuyinto lakhanya sibonga izinkambo ihlelwe inkonzo pilgrimage sezindela.

Ngo Izibuyekezo eziningi waphawula efaneleyo Abaqondisi, Kwethulwa kufika emlandweni sezindela futhi lezo zenzakalo yokubekezela isidlulile, ofakazi nokuthi wayezoba amaqembu. Into esemqoka ukuthi ugijima like intambo ebomvu amarekhodi iningi izihambeli kuyinto ukubonga bonke labo ngomsebenzi wavuselelwa ekuphileni lokhu esifuze oyigugu Russian Lobu-Orthodox.