Yakut ummese okuzingela, isithombe. Yakut ummese Batu

ummese Yakutsky simele okufana ahlukene imimese, okuyinto isikhathi eside isetshenziswa abantu bomdabu Yakutia. Kuhle kokusho yokuthi leli thuluzi ingenye izinto edume kakhulu amasiko abantu naphakathi kwabakhileyo nezinye izifunda kanye namazwe.

blade

Blade esesikhundleni Sakha ummese iloliwe, ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi ikhaba futhi Butt kakhulu ngqo. Isici esiyinhloko ikhaba - kuba phambi imimese quin, okuyinto kwaphawulwa ososayensi wokuqala wawuhilela ekuhloleni empilweni lo Yakuts. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le blade uqonde thwi khona futhi has zamadola, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo esesayidini ikhaba agobile. Lo mklamo isetshenziswa ukucubungula umsebenzi yakut ummese akuyona 'angcwabe' kakhulu ezibonakalayo, futhi kuba ngenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi lefties futhi righties zenziwa izinguqulo ezihlukene izikhali.

Njengoba kwenzeka

Ngokuhamba abavubukuli endaweni Yakutia yesimanje (Sakha Republic), kwatholakala ukuthi ummese yakut has lenqwaba owawuthi izikhali okwakusetshenziswa ngezikhathi zasendulo.

Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ummese lesifunda enjalo, kodwa samuntu zakudala, kuba ejwayelekile blade ubude 110 kuya 170 mm, okuyinto ibekwe isibambo Burl birch.

Futhi uzinake Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izindwani ekhiqizwa kwimikhakha ehlukene sabantu:

• Izingane noma abesifazane usebenze izindwani obuphelele kabani zokhahlamba kusuka 80 kuya 110 mm;
• ubude esezingeni ikhaba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ka 110 170 mm;
• 170 mm imimese ezibhekwa esikhulu, futhi, ngomqondo obanzi, izikhali cishe empi, ukuze zenziwa ezingavamile kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini wokugunda kuhluke ububanzi:

• emathafeni kuyahluka blade ngokwanele eliwumngcingo;
• alass (noma ehlathini) ifakwe blade ebanzi.

Ngo iningi labantu amacala kukhona ukusetshenziswa yakut imimese okuzingela, kanye ahlabayo noma imishini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ehlathini isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ahlabayo nemfuyo noma inqubo yokwenza ezihlukahlukene umsebenzi zokhuni. Ngakho-ke, kuye ngokuthi indlela ukusebenzisa leli thuluzi, futhi kubangelwa okuthile okufana ububanzi blade kungcono ukukhetha.

Ngokwesiko ezehlukeneyo Sakha ummese ikhaba, okuyinto ezenziwe ngensimbi ngokwanele esithambile. ukusetshenziswa kwakho kuncike isisindo of yezakhi esisebenzayo. Ngakho, uma ufuna engaloli imimese yakut abazingeli emkhakheni, steel omnene ikuvumela ukuba sikwenze, ngisho ne emfuleni amatshe noma omunye umsebenzi etholakalayo. Eminyakeni yamuva, i-ukuthandwa ngokwanele okukhulu, baqala ukusebenzisa imimese nge izindwani ukuthi zakhiwe ekhethekile amamaki steel. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ummese Sakha (ngenhla) zingenziwa ngisho eDamaseku steel.

Abaningi kakhulu abacwaningi usetha uxhaxha imibuzo mayelana lapho ikhaba uvele zamadola. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene izinguqulo, kusukela lokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalo adingekayo Krovostoka, ziphethe yokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwaso kuyadingeka ukunciphisa isisindo ikhaba, ummese akazange ukucwila emanzini. Into kuphela ukuthi singasho sasivumela - yakut ummese (isithombe ngenhla) Kufanele ube kuphela ohlangothini lwesokunene ikhaba.

ukuphatha

In the version zakudala isibambo Yenziwe cap birch okuyinto pre-afuthwe ngesibulali amafutha ethize. Ngo cross-section kufana iqanda, okuyinto iqondiswa ngasekupheleni abukhali ikhaba, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngokuphelele elingenalo iyiphi Guard, bavimbe futhi izakhi ezifanayo - standard isibambo ngqo. Ubude imayelana 130-150 mm, okuyinto lithé ukuba likhudlwana kune ububanzi isilinganiso ngesandla emzini wale ndoda. Lo sayizi kubangelwa yini kuphela lula ithuluzi, kodwa futhi ukuthi ummese akusho ukucwila kwenzeka ukuthi emanzini. Ngaphandle usebenzisa Burl birch futhi wathola isicelo amagxolo izingcezu esikhulu komunye nomunye, futhi phakathi zamatshe elingenamikhono zabo ingcina. Ngemva gluing workpiece kahle omisiwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi, bese kuwo kwenziwa isibambo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona emgodleni, isibambo zazo eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, izinyo lendlovu kanye nezinye izinto, kodwa ikakhulu zingabantu aways futhi abanaso ukusetshenziswa esiwusizo sokuphila kwansuku zonke.

emgodleni

Yakut ummese Baty Ubuye emgodleni esiyingqayizivele. In the version standard zenziwa oxtail, esemgwaqweni ngaphakathi faka sokhuni, uvalwe ohlwitha ikhaba. Umsebenzi oyinhloko - ke akaphinde asibalele ikhaba ngokwayo, nokubhidlizwa yayo yokuvikela, ngenkathi ebambe lesikhumba bekulokhu kuyingxenye emgodleni. Linikeza womshini birch namagxolo noma isikhumba ithungwe ejwayelekile, futhi ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile kakhulu imikhiqizo izinkuni.

Ukusetshenziswa sezinkomo noma umsila wenkomo e inqubo ukukhiqizwa emgodleni kubhekwa option best for abazingeli, sengathi ummese uwela noma izimpi kwanoma iyiphi lezinto angaphandle, ngeke enze komsindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emgodleni ngokuvamile zenziwa kusukela isikhumba evamile, okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo amanzi Friend lapho ukwelashwa lesifanele.

Indlela esigqokwa futhi wasebenzisa

Ngo iningi labantu amacala wamukela baphathe ummese ohlangothini lwesobunxele ukuze nhlobo ukumiswa, okungukuthi, ukudla kudingeka sibheke kuze kufike ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Enough ukumiswa siyadingeka ngenjongo, ukuze singathwesi liphazamisane ukunyakaza umnikazi ummese, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho igqoke ngakwesokunxele kuyinto elula ngokwanele ukuyikhipha isikhali ngesandla sakhe sokunene: udinga nje yokwelula isithupha sakho walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi.

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, uma umuntu egqoka noma wenza yakut ummese ngezandla zakhe, wayephula umthetho, yize enjalo lokungalandeli umthetho futhi babe lehlelekile. Kuze kube manje, ukukhiqizwa, esithwele, isitoreji nokudayiswa imimese ezinjalo kulawulwa isenzo ahlukene kahulumeni Yakutia, owawuthi ke kuyingxenye ebalulekile isiko, ukuze ukusebenzisa kwayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke uvunyelwe kulesi sifunda.

Yakut ummese yangempela kabanzi lisetshenziswe ekuphileni kwansuku zonke izakhamuzi zabomdabu Yakutia futhi siyasetshenziswa ngokudoba, ukuzingela kanye nokulungiselela ukudla nasekubulaleni ngisho eziningi nezinye izinqubo. Ngakho, leli thuluzi okudingeka bashintshashintshe ngayo futhi buye baba enye izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu sesiko-mpilo labo.

amakhosi

Uma ucabangela yakut imimese ngezandla, ungakhohlwa mayelana sici wawo obaluleke kakhulu. - abayikho imimese yangempela ukuthi ukukhuthalele esetshenziswa abakhileyo zabomdabu Yakutia ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kulo lonke izwe cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola olunjalo lomkhaya, owayebizwa hhayi ukwethula okungenani oyedwa ummese ezinjalo, okusikisela ukuthi ngenkuthalo akhiqizwa izimo esikhashana ezitolo emzaneni noma kwakha. Cishe esigodini ngasinye lapha has master yayo wendawo (noma ngaphezulu), okuyinto bekwi-ukukhiqizwa imimese ubuchwepheshe ngabanye. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ubunjalo izingalo ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu ngokulandelana edolobhaneni elithile yathela futhi ngalokho inkosi yayo eyingoduso ekukhiqizeni yayo.

kanjani lezi imimese?

Iqiniso ukuthi yakut eminyakeni embalwa yokugcina ummese abazingela cishe akuzange kushintshe ezakheke, alikhulumi yini izikhali emuva futhi bakudala, kunalokho, kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka wakwazi ukusho ukuthi ngobani ifomu yimpumelelo kakhulu futhi yonke indawo ummese ukuze zonke izinto babe kahle efanelekayo kwizimo ndawo. Lokhu ummese is ngokuphelele konke kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa degree esiphezulu ukusebenza kanye lula. Ikakhulukazi, isibonelo, Sakha ummese, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma okuyinto yenziwa ngokuvumelana ubuchwepheshe zakudala, inikeza blade eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangakanani, uma iqhathaniswa naso abadumile ummese Finnish.

Isici esiphawulekayo yesimanje yakut imimese wukuthi ukudla kuyinto isampula samanje. Ngokuyinhloko ezinsukwini ubudala, uma kudingeka ukukhiqiza Smiths yensimbi ngokuzimela feedstock ebhekwa kakhulu, ngenxa okuyinto ngiyocasha ukuvikela, lapho ukudla edonswa kumadola ububanzi futhi kwakhiwa yayo. Uma ummese isetshenziswa izimo ezimbi kakhulu (isb, ezingeni lokushisa esingaphansi -50 ° ^C), ngakho-ke ukungabi khona emkhombeni ungamvumeli ukuba bahlele noma imimese, kanti ikhaba kokuba ingxenyenamba ngokwanele ezibanzi, libhekene ukunemba kwayo, fineness, futhi ngokuqondene nale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka amalungelo tochitsya. Ngo inqubo ukusika ukukhiqizwa blade kokuba umkhombe ngokwanele ububanzi ngeke mbeni inyama kuphela emuva uhlangothi, futhi ngenxa yalokho inkatho e ikhaba ummese izohlala free, futhi isikhumba izosuswa njengoba nje ngenxa endaweni encane contact.

Indaba eziyisisekelo womshini izibambo - cap, okuyinto yayifanekisela nomxhantela ekhethekile ekuveleni izimpande birch. It libhekene ukhuni oluqinile kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside, futhi isithombe kahle ebukekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, naye wasebenzisa ngqo uqobo birch izinkuni, amagxolo noma amaqoqo ifaka efanayo ngombhalo ohlukile yilo.

ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe design esiyingqayizivele emgodleni wayo. Ummese is lalihlehliswa cishe 2/3 isibambo futhi kukhona kakade aphethwe ukuhilizisana. Kulokhu, ikhaba nakanjani free hang in a faka ehlukile lokhuni. Ngenxa yalokhu, umnikazi umane ususe kungenzeka noma ubeke ummese ngensingo, ngisho nangemva eba yiqhwa igazi noma amafutha ebusika uhlinza umdlalo.

Izici ummese

Ukubuka okujwayelekile kwe-blade ihlukile, Uma unganakile, isisebenzi sokwakha ziqondile futhi kakhulu elula, ukuze umuntu ovamile kungase kubonakale ukuthi usebenzisa kuba ngokuphelele amahloni. Nokho, ezandleni amakhosi yaleli Insimbi inqubo kubonakala sengathi insimbi yomculo, futhi uma empeleni athathe ummese esandleni, phi khonondo ngokuphazamisa kungaqedwa okwamanje sokuqala ngqa.

Izinkuni esetshenziswa womshini isibambo, asikwenzi a adhesion kakhulu, kubi kakhulu entendeni, ukuze ummese engenzi ehamba. I Ingxenye evundlile isibambo senziwa ngendlela yokuthi ummese kwaba kahle nje uhlangothi, kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi esetshenziswe kuwo. Yiqiniso, zikhona ezihlukahlukene ezihlukile, okufaka yakut Potapova imimese, kodwa okujwayelekile ingenye enemisebenzi kunazo zonke ezikhona njengamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma sicabanga, isimiso, imimese ezinhlanga ezihlukahlukene, kungashiwo ngokuthi esiwusizo kakhulu futhi ephelele, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi unganakile uhluka lula kakhulu.

nefilosofi

Ngokusho ifilosofi yakhe yakut imimese Nikolay Potapov, njenganoma iyiphi enye, liwumkhiqizo yenzelwe kuphela ekudalweni futhi kubulawa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Master senqubo yokukhiqiza kwasekuqaleni kwenza kube esisemqoka womuntu hhayi abanye uhlobo esibulalayo ezizosetshenziselwa zinezinhloso nolaka.

Kulokhu, kanye umklamo ummese ekuqaleni inquma ke, futhi uma, isibonelo, ukuthatha format ngisho ukulungisa emgodleni ukuze ibhande, yenziwa ngendlela yokuthi ngemva dostavaniya ummese blade uphendukela uqobo, hhayi ngaphandle. Kuhle kokusho yokuthi lesi sici asikho okuqanjwa kabusha futhi zihlinzekwe ngokuhambisana nalo ubuchwepheshe eminyaka ubudala. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, asikwazi ukuthi ngisho umcabango sonya ngosizo ummese kukhona ukuchwensa kuya wensimbi abathela ke, futhi uma wena amakhosi ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuqondwe ahlonishwe kungekho Labelaphi kancane. Yiqiniso, lo ngensimbi asesabi namuhla, kodwa isimo sengqondo abahloniphekile nekuhlonishwa kwalomsebenti liye lasinda kuze kube namuhla.

Imimese izingane

Yakut ummese Tatarinov, kanye imodeli classical, zingenziwa izingane. Ezinsukwini ubudala ingane nge engaba mihlanu ubudala waqala ukufunda ukwenza zonke izinhlobo yezandla, noma ezinye amathoyizi elula lokhuni ngosizo leli thuluzi. Lapho esemncane, abazali bakhe wamfaka eceleni kwakhe, futhi wabe womshini amathoyizi ngokhuni, futhi inqubo, ingane ngekhanda ukunyakaza ukhokho wawo ukuphinda esikhathini esizayo. Lapho ubaba ebona ukuthi ingane yakhe ilungile ukusebenza ithuluzi enjalo, waya wensimbi futhi wenza umyalelo ummese encane, futhi wawunika indodana yakhe. Kuyaphawuleka yokuthi unina akesabi ukulimala noma iyiphi ingane, njengoba ubuchwepheshe ummese aqede kungenzeka kungadaleka ingozi embi kakhulu, kuyilapho ukusikeka okuncane simfundise operation baqaphe, okunengqondo nangenhlelo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yakudala yakut ummese sikhona yonke indawo, ngamunye yakut samanje ezintathu noma ezine ummese ezahlukene, isetshenziselwe izinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona ummese enhle kakhulu ezihlukahlukene nangezindlela, okuyinto zemikhosi futhi ihamba nomndeni ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Lokhu ummese njalo uhlanganyela ibangalasela umnikazi embhedeni endlini, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo akekho zingakwazi ukuyithinta (ikakhulukazi maqondana nezingane).

Indlela bajwayele

Uma ummese senziwa ukusebenza ezihlukahlukene imikhiqizo izinkuni, kungokwemvelo ukuba umuntu zisebenzisa ukusika inyama nokudla ngeke zisebenze. Ukuze abelusi kwenziwe samuntu ehlukile ummese wherein nanso is blade eligobile phansi ohlangothini reverse, okuvumela ukugwema umonakalo isisu kanye ukukhiqizwa emathunjini phakathi ukusika, kusukela kungenjalo inyama kukuhambele ezimbi.

Ikakhulukazi okubalulekile okungenhla engasindi ingalo isakhiwo bedoba, njengoba ngokuvamile bephonsa phakathi imimese amanzi, lapho ithuluzi ukuba elintantayo, noma okungenani echibini esiphezulu kancane.

Ngakho, kungaba yakut imimese ngokuthi ithuluzi engavamile kakhulu futhi ezingokoqobo kakhulu, okuyinto tibuye esetshenziswa namuhla. Abadobi, abazingeli kanye abathandi namanje nezinye yezandla eziningi abakhuthalele usebenzisa lezi imimese ngisho ngaphandle Yakutia, okuyinto vele akushilo ukuthi siyasebenza kakhulu, njengoba kuqhathaniswa izinkemba Samurai kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezikhali ezinhlanga Akasekho ngaphezu inkokhiso amasiko.