-X-ray nemnyaka: Indlela kanye nokulungiselela lesifanele iziguli

Esinye sezimo ayinhloko ukuze ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo izifo ezihlukahlukene kuyinto ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe. -X-ray izivivinyo kungenziwa ngokuphepha wachazwa ngokuthi eyodwa yezindlela ezivamile nokunokwethenjelwa sokunquma izinkinga ezithile zomzimba.

Yiziphi izivivinyo-X-ray

Ngesisekelo lolu hlobo locwaningo yikhono kwama-X ray ukungena ngokusebenzisa izicubu zomzimba. Kuye ukuminyana, ukujiya kanye ngokomzimba-amakhemikhali ukwakheka kwezicubu kanye nezinhlaka womuntu ukumuncwa rate kwama-X ray kungenziwa nhlobonhlobo.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izicubu kanye izitho, okuyizinto ayazika (bone, imikhumbi emikhulu, isibindi, inhliziyo), isikrini uboniswa ngendlela izithunzi, kodwa, isibonelo, iphaphu izicubu, ngenxa yenqwaba emoyeni esifundeni libukeka ukukhazimula elikhanyayo.

Ukulungiselela inqubo cwaningo

-X-ray izivivinyo abazenzi i ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe kwesimiso lesiguli. Futhi Nokho, Uma unganakile, kule nqubo, akukho nzima, ezinye iziguli kudingeka balungiselele ke, kokubili emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Abahlengikazi, esikhundleni salokho, kufanele bayazi kahle ubuchwepheshe kulungiselelwa iziguli izifundo wezinsimbi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba iziguli ngokwabo banake yokuthi isenzo esifanelekile phezu ingxenye izisebenzi zezokwelapha kwenziwa.

Amalungiselelo radiology Ukubuyekeza cwaningo uhlobo kuhilela ukususwa kanye nokuvinjelwa iyiphi inqubo e isitho esithile, okungase kuphazamise ukuthola imiphumela olunembile. Ngokwesibonelo, e sitholakele izinso ukuze kulungiselelwe ukuba uhlanze amathumbu futhi kuvimbele igesi kumiswa kuwo. Kuze kube yimanje, kusihlwa ngaphambi kosuku inhlolovo futhi ekuseni ngosuku olulandelayo, isiguli ufake enema ukuhlanzwa futhi ukhawule baphuza uketshezi. Futhi, isiguli ngokushesha ngaphambi inqubo-X-ray asivunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukudla okuwuketshezi.

Esigabeni esikahle iziguli cwaningo esimweni zilethwe kamuva ngemva kwehora kube emathunjini kuthiwa akhishwe.

urography intravenous - Ukulungiselela

Lapho lesi siguli senziwa ukulungiswa-X-ray luhlolo, okusho urography emthanjeni, umgomo futhi ukuvimbela igesi kumiswa nokuhlanzwa emathunjini. Njengoba inkomba isifo kunqunywa uhlelo urinary. Izimo zihlanganisa enema ekwakhiweni kanye nokuzwela lakhuphuka lafika ku-X-ray Ngokuphambene ejenti aqukethe iodine.

Kulokhu izinto ezisetshenziswa ezifana urotrast futhi verografin. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ama-X ray kuyaqedwa kusukela ekudleni mikhiqizo kanye nomphumela ohlabayo :. Apula, rye isinkwa, ubhontshisi, ubisi, njll Esimweni udokotela ukubuyisa ngokuvamile uqoka carbol. Thatha le imithi isidingo izikhathi 4 nsuku zonke amaphilisi 2-3.

Kusihlwa lekuseni isiguli ufake enema ukuhlanzwa, nge ebusuku ngaphambi kwesifundo ukhawule baphuza uketshezi. Uma isiguli ilethwa sikhathi ngenxa umlando sifo kulolu cwaningo, okuyinto lokhu kuhlola, umhlengikazi ingena imfuyo yakhe radiopaque ngemithambo yegazi.

Lapho konke okungenhla ukulungiselela izigaba ziyadlula, olwenziwa-X-ray nokuhlolwa. A efanayo algorithm yezenzo babe nezinye izinyathelo wokulungiselela okuyinto ahlose bethulula esiswini futhi kuvimbele igesi kumiswa (cholecystography, izifundo emathunjini kanye nabanye.).

cwaningo isisu

Njengoba ingxenye enkulu izifo ezivamile ihlobene isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene, luhlolo radiology isisu ingaphezu langempela. Lolu hlobo uphethwe singachazwa ngokuthi i asizayo, ngoba isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko kolwelwesi okusolwayo. Translucence isisu ukunika ikhono lokuzwa ngokunembile khona kwezinso ahlukahlukene yokwakheka abuye ahlole impumuzo EPITHELIAL ngokuba khona izimila, hernias, izilonda futhi ama-polyp.

Ngokuvamile, ama-X ray iphathwa uma izimpawu ezifana ukwephula isihlalo, omnene yisisu nesicanucanu, okuyinto bakhathazekile njalo. Ilungiselela-X-ray Ukuhlola esiswini kanje: egcinwe a yokulamba yamahora angu-12 esukela ukwehluleka okuphelele ehlafunwayo nokubhema, isiguli siphuza isixazululo barium yombala, ngezinye izikhathi - ngesixazululo iodine, ngawo ungakwazi ukuthola Ngokuphambene isithombe odongeni esiswini kuletitfombe.

Uma kuziwa isiguli amademeshe esolwa isilonda, kulesi simo, lunqume yiyona okuthiwa niche. Kayisilutho ngaphandle ukugcwaliswa isilonda isici olubangelwa, i-ejenti ukuze kuvele umehluko. -X-ray Ukuhlola esiswini ukuthi babone kahle isilonda lapho isendaweni ugobile ezincane. Kodwa isilonda pyloric futhi prepiloricheskie zembula nzima nakakhulu. Kodwa, inani elikhulu lalabo amaphutha inqubo ukuxilongwa kwenzeka uzingela izilonda subcardial esiswini. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekunqumeni ikhono esiswini ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi fluoroscopic cwaningo baphakame ukunemba ubufakazi endoscopic.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-pheshana emathunjini (Git)

Kulokhu,-X ray isetshenziswa ukuhlola isimo sonke isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. X-ray yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini isetshenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

- Okubona of imininingwane emihle morphological (Amasimu esiswini kuhlanganise);

- ekutadisheni umsebenzi motor pheshana emathunjini;

- ukulungisa ulwazi obubhalwe wathola mayelana izinguquko ezitholakele, kuhlanganise rigidity nodonga esishintshashintshayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu uzokhetha degree of kokucindezelwa, motor, kwelivi elilungile kanye izinga kuzo ngoba sextant isibhamu. Buciko imisebenzi echazwe ngenhla kungenzeka nokusetshenziswa ezingeziwe transillumination ngemva ebona esimweni serial, esesikhundleni esiphakeme isinqumo ngekwendzawo.

esifubeni-X-ray

Ingqikithi yale ezihlukahlukene-X-ray Ukuhlolwa ukuthola isithombe kwesifuba. Ngenxa ukuminyana non-iyunifomu ugongolo edabula kubo, kungenzeka ukwakha isithombe esiphelele zikahulumeni.

X-ray kwamaphaphu has izimpawu ezilandelayo ukuze: ezihlukahlukene nezifo ze- bronchi, amaphaphu kanye kuqhoqhoqho. Kungenzeka ukuthi unesimila, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, isifo sofuba, inyumoniya futhi izifo ezihlukahlukene emsebenzini. Nge lolu hlobo, udokotela ungathola ulwazi kanye nezinhlaka ezifana inhliziyo, diaphragm, kanye nomgogodla thoracic kanye nezimbambo.

X-reyi yesifuba, okuyinto ingenye ethandwa kakhulu, igxile izithombe Uhlolojikelele, lwenziwa projection ezimbili (engaphelele kanye lateral) imile.

Uma kudingeka, kungase kwenziwe wamaphaphu imaging, okusinika ithuba ukuthola izithombe eziningana, okuyinto akhiqizwa ekujuleni ezahlukene ukushuba wamaphaphu izicubu. Nge lezi zithombe udokotela angayihlola focus sokugembula kabanzi.

Ngokungafani nesimo nge esiswini,-X-ray Luhlolo Uyi Indlela eyinhloko uphethwe qualitative kwesimiso wamaphaphu ezindaweni ezahlukene ngokuphelele wezokwelapha (Ukwelashwa, thoracic Ukuhlinzwa, Pulmonology neSifo Sofuba).

ucwaningo izinso

Injongo X-ray esimweni izinso kuyinto ukulinganisela ngempumelelo izici morphological futhi functional, kanye ngomgudu womchamo. Lezi idatha ukuvumela ukucacisa usayizi, isikhundla, futhi komzimba, indawo kanye khona concretions, futhi isimo uhlelo pyelocaliceal.

-X-ray ukuphenywa kokuphulwa izinso (enikeziwe ukusetshenziswa Ngokuphambene ejenti) kuyinto engathandeki for iziguli okukuyo ukuncipha abalulekile imisebenzi umzimba. Ukuze kungabikho muntu ophathwa komzimba, kubalulekile ukuze sithole ukuthi badlula phambi iziguli enjalo cwaningo futhi ukuthi ikhona yini imiphumela emibi emva ukuphatha izidakamizwa.

Uma izimpawu ezingezinhle awazange waphawula, ukulungiswa isiguli-X-ray luhlolo kufanele kufake peremedikatsiyu nge steroid futhi antihistamine. Kuyadingeka ukuba afeze amasheke on ukuzwela lesiguli izidakamizwa ezahlukene iodine-equkethe.

Ngokuphambene esimweni

Ngokutadisha izindlela ezahlukene zama-X ray izifundo, lokhu uphethwe kwakusho ebizwe futhi Angiocardiography, futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa. Inhloso yayo ukunquma ngokunembile isimo emakamelweni inhliziyo nezitsha ezinkulu igazi esebenzisa iphenya ekhethekile. Lolu hlobo uphethwe, isimiso, kungaba azimisele njengoba ukuhlinzwa. Le nqubo ithatha indawo egumbini lokuhlinza, okuyinto has a imishini ekhethekile futhi itholakala endaweni ukuhlinzwa inhliziyo (ikakhulukazi uma sicabangela inqubo).

Ukuze afeze-X-ray Luhlolo yalolu hlobo kuyadingeka ukuthatha amasampula ukuze antiseptics ukuphatheka nezidakamizwa iodine-equkethe. Lolu cwaningo ngokwalo kufanele sigcwaliswe esiswini esingenalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunendingeko ukunakekelwa njalo isiguli yi nabahlengikazi izidakamizwa radiopaque busuka ingaphakathi wenhliziyo, kungaholela hhayi kuphela ekuqaleni, kodwa futhi ukuba nezinkinga ngasekupheleni.

Good ukwazi Ngokuphambene-X-ray luhlolo kodwa engase iphenduke imbangela yezimpawu zesifo ezifana ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, iphika, kunciphisa umfutho wegazi, ubuhlungu enhliziyweni, ukubukeka ngobuthakathaka ukuwohloka jikelele. Kulokhu, kufanele axhumane ngokushesha ne-umhlengikazi, okuyinto yena, siphoqelekile ukubeka udokotela ukuwazi sishintshe isimo lesiguli.

ukuxilongwa wamathumbu

Lokhu ingxenye yomzimba, njengabanye, futhi kudinga definition eqondile izinguquko enqabayo esimweni izinsolo sokuthuthukiswa yisiphi isifo. X-ray kwamathumbu kuhloswe izimpawu kanye izakhiwo njengoba amathumbu ezinkulu nezincane. Phakathi nesifundo isiguli kuthatha Ngokuphambene slurry (100 g amanzi kanye 100 g barium yombala sulfate). Ngemva kwamahora angu-2.5 slurry engena cecum. Kuyinto lolu shintsho kule ukumiswa esiswini isilinganiso (emva noma ngaphambi umnqamulajuqu) ukunquma uma kukhona ukwephulwa motor umsebenzi.

Endabeni ikholoni x-ray olwenziwa ngemva slurry kugcwalisa ahlukaniswe phezulu futhi ikholoni transverse. Lokhu Translations ekwazi ukubona isimo sezwe, ukuvuvukala kanye constriction esifundeni kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini.

Ukugqama esimweni ze- bronchi

Inhloso yalesi sifundo ukuhlonza isimila ku bronchi, iphaphu asesibelethweni ngalo ingaphakathi kanye ukunwetshwa emzimbeni. Inqubo zokuxilonga wenziwa usebenzisa naphakathi umehluko injected mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi ze- bronchi.

Ekulungiseleleni bronhografii kuhlanganisa premedication, ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa ukubekezelelana izidakamizwa equkethe iodine, ukuhlanzwa sesihlahla som bronchial (uma kwatholakala ubovu isikhwehlela), incazelo ukuhlobana isiguli Ihloso yesifundo oluzayo, izinguquko ezidingekayo ekudleni kwakho ngayizolo-X ray.

Ngoba ngemva izindlela zokuxilonga kungenzeka yezinkinga ezithile, isiguli basingatha ekhethekile kuphothuliwe ukudluliswa.

Tadisha gallbladder

Inhloso ye-X-ray - kuwuhlobo gallbladder oqondile, ukusonteka, isikhundla, degree of bethulula kanye khona amatshe kuwo. Lapho ukuhlola okunjalo nazo asetshenziswa izidakamizwa radiology kabani lokuhlushwa ifinyelela esiphezulu ngemuva kwamahora 10-15 emva abaphathi.

Endabeni emthanjeni Ngokuphambene impahla ngokufaka lokho okuzofundwa kufanele ngokuthi cholegraphy emthanjeni. Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho kubalulekile bheka umahluko phakathi intrahepatic Bile mibuthano.

-X-ray Luhlolo kwezingane

Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi imihlangano nezinqubo eziningana zokuxilonga usebenzisa X-ray akuyona yingozi ezinganeni.

-X-ray nokuhlolisiswa izingane senziwa ukuze kutholakale bonke ubufakazi esibalulekile. Kuyaphawuleka yokuthi ingozi engaba ukuchayeka -X-ray emisebeni kuyinto ephansi kakhulu kunalokho izinsongo kunokwenzeka ukuthi bayakuqaphela ngokungabi bikho ukuhlola eliphezulu.

-X-ray Ukuhlolwa uhlelo kusebenza ukuxilongwa isimo abesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nokuncelisa ibele. Ngokuqondene umonakalo kungenzeka ukuthi omama abancelisayo, asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Endabeni abesifazane walowo obeletha, kuhle ukuthi uzinake wena ukuthi izinga lokuhlolwa kwezinhlekelele ngokusebenzisa-X-ray incike uhlobo inqubo kanye nesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

okutholakele

Ngokolwazi ngenhla, kulula ukuphetha ngokuthi ukuhlolwa-X-ray kungasiza ukukhomba Izifo eziphatha izitho ezihlukahlukene futhi izinhlelo zomzimba womuntu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, angabawa kubhekwe eyodwa yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu yesimanje ukuxilongwa.