Wekuncintisana Wemhlaba wonkhe Inkomba yezwe

Ohulumeni emhlabeni wonke ozama ukuthola ukuqashelwa hhayi kuphela abantu bakhe kodwa futhi ukuthatha imigqa yokuqala izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene. Izwe ngalinye uzama ukuba okungcono ngasiphi into eyodwa, noma konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amandla aqaphele cultured kakhulu, yentando yeningi kakhulu, athuthukile kwezomnotho, elinokuthula futhi enamandla. Yonke indawo isimo ngeke bakwazi ukuphumelela. Noma kunjalo, kukhona lawo mandla, ababelwa for ubuqhawe zonke.

Kusukela zonke ezihlukahlukene honours, ungakhetha kwasekuqaleni futhi kwenye ukukala, okuyinto incike global sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe Inkomba. Ukuthola okwengeziwe, asikhulume ngaphezulu.

Umnotho - akuyona into elula

Iningi emhlabeni has imigomo yayo zamasu. Kodwa kukhona labo abazama ukufeza noma iyiphi amandla. Okubalulekile isimo wukuqinisekisa komnotho. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ihlanganisa umzabalazo inhlalakahle zonke izakhamuzi.

Lelisu akuhlanganisi umzamo kahulumeni nje ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila, kodwa futhi icacisa izimfuneko ukuphathwa intuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho. Ezinye uthi ukhethe indlela ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe innovative. Njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho lwebudlelwane nemave emhlaba, sibonga "isimangaliso kwezomnotho" isu kulelozwe ngingakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukukhula sakho sezimali. It kuvela ukuthi uhlu ukukwazi ukuncintisana namazwe omhlaba kuthinta emisha emnandi.

Kodwa lokhu imodeli kwezomnotho lungekho ngaphansi zonke States. Kukhona labo abasuke bengakakwazi ukusebenzisa iqhinga ngempumelelo sokuthuthukiswa emisha. Lezi akunakubangelwa hhayi kuphela Russian Federation, kodwa futhi lonke emazweni CIS.

Sidinga ukwenza okuthile

Entrepreneurship ungamandla ushayela ukuthuthukiswa sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe. Yiqiniso, zikhona izici eziningi ngaphezu ke, nokho sibonga kwezamabhizinisi kungathinta ubuchwepheshe ezintsha. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, lolu hlobo umsebenzi egomekile izinkomba eziningi ezibonisa Inqubomgomo komnotho wezwe futhi isimo zikahulumeni.

Ubani ophethe?

Ngo-1971, i-World Economic Forum (WEF) udaliwe. Le nhlangano liyaziwa yokuthi ngonyaka kuletha ndawonye zemibuso ebanjelwe eDavos. Ngaphezu abaholi, nabaholi bamabhizinisi sondelani zezomnotho owaziwa nezintatheli. iminyaka engu-45 kwi iforamu ukudingida izimpikiswano ezihlobene hhayi kuphela emnothweni kodwa futhi nezinye izindaba acute global: kwimvelo nasempilweni.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inhlangano Swiss, ogama umsunguli kwaba uSolwazi Klaus Schwab. Okwamanje, yena ubuye umholi unomphela. Kukhona lapha unomphela isigungu - eBhodini Labaqondisi. Ubulungu kule WEF kukhona izinkampani mayelana 1,000 nezinhlangano emhlabeni wonke.

I-World Economic Forum akuyona kuphela ezingxoxweni. Omunye umsebenzi wakhe ukutadisha sphere kwezombangazwe nakwezomnotho. Ngo-1979 kwathiwa esethula umbiko wonyaka mncintiswano womhlaba wonke. Yena kulinganiselwa emazweni angaphezu kwekhulu emhlabeni wonke okusekelwe criteria ezimbili: i-index ngokuhlukumeza okunamandla ukukhula kanye nokuncintisana.

cwaningo Isazi-kohlaziyo

Ukwakha umbuso ku isilinganiso wathatha ucwaningo emhlabeni wonke okuhloswe ngaso ukuhlaziywa izinqubo zezomnotho. Ngakho abacwaningi bakwazi ngokuthini ukuncintisana Inkomba lembulunga yonke elinezinto ezinhlobonhlobo iWorld Economic Forum.

Ngaphambili, i-NGO kuphela imibiko kukhiqizwa. Kodwa kusukela ngo-2004 uye wadala isilinganiso uthi ngqo ukuthi esekelwe Inkomba. Le nkomba ucubungula umthamo wezwe ukuqinisekisa ezingeni lelisetulu inhlalakahle yezakhamuzi. Futhi acabangele ekusetshenzisweni izinsiza zangaphakathi, ukusekela izinga lokuphila, umkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi amasevisi.

imisebenzi WEF

Ngaphambi ukubala Inkomba ukuncintisana ezingeni lomhlaba, ochwepheshe azihlole umphakathi idatha izibalo kanye imiphumela inhlolovo ka nabaphathi global.

Ngu definition, inhlangano, ukuncintisana kazwelonke - ukuthi kungenzeka amandla awo kanye nezikhungo nomthelela ekukhuleni nzile emnothweni. Abacwaningi baye bathola isixhumanisi phakathi ezingeni sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe nenhlalakahle yezakhamuzi. Ayanda Inani lokuqala, oqondile kweyesibili.

Injongo index

Umqondo we-iforamu wukuthi isimo kufanele usebenzise imiphumela yocwaningo. Lokhu kuhlola kusenza siqonde ukuthi izwe kufanele silwele ukungabheki ukungafani ukuqeda nobunzima endleleni eya ngcono ukuthuthukiswa kwezomnotho kanye nokuncintisana. Inkomba iyithuluzi ekuhloleni inkinga imikhakha lezomnotho kanye lwentuthuko lokwenza ngcono imodeli zezombusazwe.

umphumela

WEF abameleli baphikisa ngokuthi definition sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe kuyadingeka ukuze banake izinto eziningi futhi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokusobala, emnothweni kungaba emibi ngenxa yezizathu eziningana: lokhu kufaka ukulawulwa emalini kahulumeni ongatheli, okusezingeni eliphezulu izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali izibalo.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, kukhona labo izici ukuthi abe nomthelela omuhle emnothweni: ukuvikelwa amalungelo empahla, isimiso sokwahlulela kuchubekele embili, izinqumo ezilinganiselayo zezombusazwe.

Hhayi izici yesikhungo kuphela kungathinta uhlelo lwezimali. Kukhona siqeqesha futhi kabusha ukuqeqeshwa kubasebenzi abasebenza, kungenzeka imfundo iwashi nakwezobuchwepheshe. Zonke izici kungaba nomthelela ezahlukene on uhlelo oluthile kwezomnotho.

izakhi ephambili

Kuyaziwa ukuthi owaziwayo ukuhlaziywa WEF Global ukuncintisana Inkomba ngokuhlanganiswa Inkomba ibhizinisi nokuncintisana. Igama lokugcina namanje ngenxa inkomba yokuqala. By endleleni, lokhu Inkomba sidalwe usosayensi Xavier Sala-i-Martin, ofundisa e Columbia University. Yena nje saveza loluhlolo World Economic Community.

Ngakho, ukuze sithole amaphuzu, kudingeka baphendukele 113 eziguquguqukayo. Ezinye zalezi zici akhiwa ngokusebenzisa survey global, ingxenye siqukethe idatha izibalo kanye imiphumela yocwaningo. Zonke eziguquguqukayo 113 izigaba 12. Lawo madoda akhethwa ngenxa ucwaningo enokwehla futhi theory.

Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuba ngingehlelwa nangeyodwa kulezi eziguquguqukayo ngeke bakwazi bebodwa ukunikeza ukuhlolwa ukuncintisana isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izici ezixhunyiwe. emakethe ukusebenza kwezimpahla namasevisi incike amakhono kanye nobuchwepheshe abasebenzayo.

Ukuqapha ukuvumelana macroeconomic, udinga ukuphatha ngempumelelo isabelomali yezwe, ukumisa inkohlakalo kanye nokuqinisekisa obala ohlelweni kwezomnotho. Amabhizinisi angakwazi ukuhlela ubuchwepheshe obusha kuphela uma inzuzo okuholela idlule izindleko utshalomali.

Ngakho, kuyacaca ukuthi ukuncintisana Inkomba Global yezwe ezaziholwa yilabo amazwe ezingaba ukuqhuba inqubomgomo esibanzi, ubuka ezicini eziningana futhi ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo.

Uyini umehluko?

Abacwaningi WEF ngezikulu cabanga intuthuko yomnotho lokhu noma ukuthi isizwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo babe ukulandelela kanye nentuthuko yayo angefani. Ukuchazwa variable ngayinye isimo ezihambisana nezimo zayo kokuqala noma imingcele kwesakhiwo yenhlangano. Lezi idatha beka amandla phakathi kwabanye ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu ukuthuthukiswa.

Ososayensi abasebenza nsukuzonke phezu indlela wokubalisa ukuhlanganisa Global ukuncintisana Inkomba wahlala ezingeni umgomo futhi ezanele lokulawula indlela komnotho nezinguquko njalo imvelo embulungeni yonke.

indlela

Ngakho, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lolu cwaningo ihlaziya izinkomba 113. Basuke kuhlanganiswe ngezigaba ezingu-12. 34 kuphela eziguquguqukayo ibalwa kusukela izibalo ezitholakalayo esidlangalaleni. Lezi zihlanganisa izikweletu zangaphandle, isabelomali kusilela, izinga lokuphila nezinye izinto. Zonke ezinye zezici ezihlobene kwenziwa ucwaningo lwembulunga yonke, ehlanganisa ngokubona ezingaphezu kuka-14 000 abaphathi yenkampani.

Ngokwalesi simiso, isimo kwasakazwa izigaba ukuthuthukiswa komnotho. Kulokhu, thatha kuphela ku-akhawunti omkhiqizo lengenako. Nakuba zikhona ezehlukile, isibonelo, eRussia, kulesi simo ukusebenzisa umbandela wesibili - degree of ukwencika izwe ku eziyinhloko. Kuyilungelo kusebenza endabeni lapho URhulumende ukuncika ku izidubedube.

esigabeni

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kudingeka kuqala ukunquma komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane amandla. Bangu-5: 37 libhekisela iminotho ukuthuthukiswa ngokwesimo. Lezi zihlanganisa amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika kanye no-India, Kyrgyzstan, Vietnam nokunye. D.

Iqembu lesibili - lena esiteji zesikhashana ukuthuthukiswa isici okufanele ngempumelelo. Kulesi sigaba 16 uthi: Azerbaijan, Iran, Moldova, Mongolia, njll Iqembu lesithathu lihlanganisa komqondo nezinga lokukhula kwengane yesibili - ngempumelelo .. Lapha kukhona 30 iminotho Ukraine, China, Serbia, South Africa, Bulgaria, Armenia, njll ...

Iqembu yesine Uphinde abhekwe isigaba zesikhashana, kodwa kusukela ngempumelelo lekucamba. Kulesi sigaba 24 umnotho Russia, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Uruguay, Poland, UAE, njll Iqembu lokugcina -. Lokhu esigabeni sesithathu yentuthuko. Ngu emnothweni ezintsha zihlanganisa amazwe 37: phakathi kwabo iningi European, USA, Australia naseNew Zealand, South Korea, eJapan futhi abanye.

Ucwaningo 2016

Ngo-2016, bese sivele sidlulile iWorld Economic Forum. Ucwaningo kulesi sikhathi bamukela ukuhlaziywa lamazwe 138. Wekuncintisana Wemhlaba wonkhe Inkomba 2016-2017 futhi endaweni yaso State. Manje, bonke ohulumeni has umphumela ukuthi kungenziwa kusekelwa.

Ngubani owayengubhongoza walolu uhlanga uhlala Switzerland. It zibalwa kuqala iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili elandelanayo. Ngemva ke yayisalokhu Singapore ne-United States. ekukwazini kwabo ukuncintisana Inkomba global ngo-2016 kwaba amayunithi 5.8 5.7. Lezi iinkhathi abaholi usinika wonke imikhiqizo ezintsha kanye namasevisi.

Kusukela ngonyaka odlule, it is hhayi siguqulwe, kanye nabaholi kunabantu. Ngemva Switzerland, Singapore US Inkomba yazuza 5.6 Netherlands naseJalimane, 5.5 - Sweden, United Kingdom, Japan kanye Hong Kong, 5.4 - Finland naseNorway.

ukulahlekelwa isikhundla

inhlolovo yalomnyaka wabonisa ukuthi waphawula imikhuba emibi. Wekuncintisana Wemhlaba wonkhe Inkomba ngo-2016 incike umthelela nezinye izinhlangano esimweni. Sikhuluma-EU. Imizamo yaleli isikhungo silondoloze igebe phakathi kwemibuso yaseYurophu. Isilinganiselwa ibonisa ukuthi emazweni aseNyakatho naseNtshonalanga Yurophu kwaholela kwezomnotho "hits." Kodwa engxenyeni eseningizimu abaphethwe ukwehla zezimali, esithinta ukusebenza kwe-Index. Spain zibalwa 32 endaweni th, Italy - 44, Greece onyakeni odlule uye wathuthela phansi izindawo ezinhlanu futhi wathatha 86 ndawo.

Middle East naseNyakatho Afrika namanje uqhubeke ukwehla. Qatar ngonyaka odlule labetibambile endaweni 14, manje sise 18. Saudi Arabia Samnika izikhundla ezine futhi emgqeni 29-th. Nakulo nyaka, angizange uthole global sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe Inkomba Iraq. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi isimo kuleli zwe esidabukisayo kakhulu.

Central ne-Afrika engeSewula futhi ziklaba ezingemuva. Abaholi: Mauritius kumugqa 45, eNingizimu Afrika - 47 kanye Rwanda - ukuze 52. Zonke ezinye States ukuthi kukhona endaweni, kude ngemuva. Ngamunye wabo udinga usizo lwangaphandle, okwakuyoholela ukuthuthukiswa komnotho ukuqinisa futhi obekungathuthukisa ukuncintisana Inkomba global.

CIS amazwe

I Russian Federation, ngokungafani nezinye izifundazwe eziningi, uye wakwazi ukuba ukukhuphuka izitebhisi ezimbili base bethatha indawo 43rd. umnotho wezwe okwamanje komnotho, kodwa umphumela omuhle etholwe sibonga ukuphumelela emakethe yangaphakathi kanye nokwehla izithiyo bureaucratic. intuthuko Kuye kwaqashelwa kwezemfundo. Ukudansela isiginci sakhe phansi izwe, ukwenyuka kakhulu kwamandla emali, ongaphakeme dolobha ziyamaniswa nokungangeni.

Kazakhstan ku global sokukwazi ukuncintisana ezingeni lamazwe Inkomba kwaba indawo 53. Elithe kanye nonyaka odlule lokhu kuwumphumela embi kakhulu, kusukela amandla sehle kakhulu ngendlela 11 izikhundla. Ngokusho nenqubo ezinhlanu 12 Kazakhstan uye ngcono kakhulu, 7 ezisele, kunalokho, bonisa ekuhlehleni. Kunezici ukuthi abe nomthelela omuhle Global ukuncintisana Inkomba 2016. Kazakhstan esenze intuthuko ubuchwepheshe ezintsha, kwezamabhizinisi, secondary nezemfundo ephakeme.

Ukraine luveza a yi ezimbi. Wawa endaweni 79th phezu 85th. Izinkinga eyinhloko yezwe cabanga Ukuntengantenga kwesimo sezombangazwe, inkohlakalo, ukuwa kwamandla emali, abasemagunyeni kahulumeni nezintela okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Azerbaijan lithuthukile yi elisonyakeni walo eledlule namantombazane amathathu wathatha indawo 37. Namuhla lesi isimo ungumholi phakathi amazwe CIS. A yi omuhle yabonisa Tajikistan 80 wahamba lama-77. Armenia futhi ngcono ngoku izikhundla ezintathu futhi ivuliwe endaweni 79. Kodwa kakhulu saba sibi kakhulu ubufakazi babo Moldova (100) futhi Kyrgyzstan (111). Esimweni sokuqala, izwe sehle kakhulu ngendlela 16 izikhundla, kanti eyesibili - 9.