Vermeer mdwebo "The Milkmaid". Umlando, incazelo

Le Umdwebo elincane namuhla has isimo wobuciko eliphelele ukubaluleka izwe, ufana imisebenzi Raphael futhi uLeonardo, Rembrandt futhi Velazquez. Umbhali wayo kubhekwa okuyinhloko, kuyoba zinquma ukubaluleka Golden Age yokudweba Dutch kwekhulu XVII. Njengoba ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngobuciko Izenzakalo zaleli ezingeni, Vermeer mdwebo "The Milkmaid" ngoba eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu khona, aye wasigcina okuba kube fresh Umbono eyingqayizivele subjective noma ubani ebona-ke okokuqala, futhi isikhala ngokuhumusha okusha izizukulwane entsha abacwaningi.

imfumbe Vermeer

manje Lokhu wizadi uyobeka ochwepheshe ilandelana nge Rembrandt noFrans Hals - ihamba Dutch Golden Age, amakhulu amabili eminyaka ngemva kokufa kwakhe kwakubhekwa njengesenzo ingcweti abavamile, omunye abaculi abaningi owabhala edwetshiwe kuhlobisa izindonga amakhaya lonke eNetherlands. Umdwebi, oye wahlala kancane eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-40, owabhala imidwebo emibili ngonyaka, nakuba ozakwabo phansi esitolo banikwa imidwebo ambalwa ngenyanga, akazange ashiye noma iyiphi Umlandvomphilo ecacile, kungekho ubufakazi bobunikazi yesithombe. Omunye khetho ubhekwa ofihlekile self-portrait umnumzana onamileyo ohlangothini kwesokunxele mdwebo "pimps."

Musa basiqonde isizathu ukhohlwa igama Vermeer - phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe kungenzeka babejabulela udumo Nokho, ingabe Ungeqeli ngalé wakubo Delft. Ukuze imidwebo yakhe ukukhokha imali eningi, ikakhulukazi, Umdwebo Vermeer, "Thrush" athengwa ngayo isamba enkulu 175 guilder. Kusolwa ukuthi esinye sezizathu sokufa kwakhe ekuseni yindlala. Into kuphela wakusola amakhasimende - uyephuza. Vele ngokusemthethweni waqinisekisa ukuthi zabhalwa 34 zinto, kodwa imidwebo ezimbalwa kuphela isibaluli Vermeer, futhi ngayinye kuwo kubhekwa ngobuciko izwe, ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakhe ku isihloko kanye nokuqukethwe, ifomu yokuhlabelela iqoqo izindlela kwezobuciko.

Milkmaid noma wasendlini?

Wayesebenza kahle phezu ngamunye ingxenye encane imidwebo yakhe futhi kancane kuze kokungathembeki wombhali yayo, isikhathi endalweni, futhi ungalokothi wabanikeza amagama. It kuyavumelana isu imidwebo yakhe. Wamema izilaleli ukuba icabange kulotshiwe ngesisekelo ukuphila kwabo nakho nokuthuthuka, ukuqedela indaba waqala ukutshela esithombeni.

NgesiNgisi, Umdwebo Vermeer "I Milkmaid" ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi The Milkmaid -doyarka. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuphakamisa impikiswano eshubile phakathi a baxgeki abakholelwa Vermeer Dutch umculi zokuphila ezisemadolobheni. Bafuna ukusebenzisa ukuba khona yokwehlayo esiqinile abasebenzi ezifuywayo, futhi le ntombazane, wathela ubisi kusukela imbiza - lokhu maid, mhlawumbe umpheki ukuthi ulungiselela isinkwa Pudding ekhethekile, okuyinto ekhona isithombe njengengxenye yokuphila yayisabhaliwe masterfully.

Kubonakala sengathi umsebenzi intombazane - ngezinto eziwubala, okubaluleke kakhulu ukwedlula umqondo wakhe emangalisayo ukuzihlonipha kanye sengqondo efudumele kuso, azwakalisa lo mculi.

Isimo ekhishini

Vermeer mdwebo "The Milkmaid" - lena usayizi wesithombe encane kakhulu - 45h41 cm Kuyamangalisa ngempela kuhleliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa .. Phambi kwethu kunethuba laqanjwa laconic silula, elingenalo ngemininingwane engadingekile, okuvumela emaphethelweni ukugcwalisa ngayo soft side kokukhanya nomoya. sibalo esiyisigqigqi, kodwa kulungile ntombazane kuvela ngokucacile cishe atehlukanisa odongeni ngemuva. Ungabona ngisho umngcele ezimhlophe ehlukanisa umlingiswa oyinhloko kusukela ngemuva. Le ndlela ukugcwalisa isikhala olungokomfanekiso kwaba ngokuphelele ezintsha - abadwebi isikhathi bafuna ukuba alishaye sesibukeli ngokuchichima ukugcwaliswa nesithombe ngokuningiliziwe.

Mhlawumbe lesi sifiso wayedabuka futhi Vermeer. X-ray wabonisa ukuthi kususwa udonga lwangemuva wawusegunjini isithombe esithile eziyinkimbinkimbi, cishe - ibalazwe womhlaba. Kepha inkosi yakhe wenqaba kuwo, siyivumele ukuba ugxile sibalo protagonist, ku isimo sobuso bakhe, kuyofikwa ngokucophelela izingubo folds zokudla kuhlanzekile yini okunethezeka namanje ukuphila ebhaliwe ephuma.

Yethula nomniningwane isizinda ngokwanele ukuze ikhulise okuqukethwe isithombe tinkhomba eyengeziwe bese ugqamisa inani ebabazekayo ukuthungwa umbukwane kubhasikidi yayo, filigree umhlobiso tile ezansi odongeni, kanye umbukwane nokugqamisa zethusi esibani odongeni, kwakuvumelana nale esebenzayo umbala zokudla kuhlanzekile yini umphetho wengubo amantombazane. Vermeer mdwebo "The Milkmaid" - wobuciko we Umdwebi ezinhle!

amasu virtuoso

Abagxeki waqinisekisa ukuthi lapho abasebenza umdwebo Vermeer wasebenzisa obscura ikhamera - idivayisi ekhethekile optical, kuyasiza sifinyelele ngezinga eliphezulu ngokuthembeka ekwakheni umbono izifinyezo umbala ekusebenzisaneni ukukhanya izingxenye ezahlukene kuwebhu. Vermeer naye wabhekana nesimo esifanayo - igalelo lakhe - ubuhle oluvelele, ubuqiniso nokuphefumlelwa imiva "Veduta" - "Buka Delft" futhi "Little Street" elenziwe kwaba akunakwenzeka ngaphandle obscura ikhamera.

Ubufakazi ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi optical, abacwaningi babona ukulahlekelwa elincane nokucija ongaphambili, ngomfanekiso isinkwa kubhasikidi, okwakuwuphawu mkhuba isici amadivayisi ezinjalo. Kodwa ekusebenziseni ke, akukho ayalulaza ezingeni wekhono zochwepheshe umculi. Incazelo isithombe -Jan Vermeer "Thrush" ngokuya imidwebo amasu, libonisa zinga. Lokhu kufakazelwa inhlanganisela inkululeko ebanzi self obukhulu imivimbo ukuba balingise ubuso intombazane, siqiniseka udini ifomu emphethweni kwezicubu filigree iphuzu imivimbo, oluneziqhingi siyafiliza ukukhanya namanje ukuphila lwesinkwa. Futhi ukuthungwa izindonga nge zemabula anombala ocwazimulayo upende okuxekethile kuyinto emangalisayo!

"Umthelela Mona Lisa"

Noma kunjalo, "Thrush" - Vermeer Umdwebo - ungaphezu kwayo yonke umsebenzi ezicashile futhi enezici ngokwengqondo. Smile, master lifihliwe ku umngcele okungafani sigameko ukukhanya ebusweni wentombazane, endowed Ongoti unake ngomkhuba wokuzifihla ka okusho e, okungafaniswa lowo igcwele wobuciko omkhulu kaLeonardo. Yini ecabanga entombazane ebuka zangena ezondile ubisi? Ngangivele ukhathele? Amaphupho? Mayelana okuthile ukukhunjulwa ngani?

Mhlawumbe kungashiwo nombhali mdwebo "The Milkmaid" Jan Vermeer of Delft. Lokhu imfihlakalo, ophilayo ngoba eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu, aphile, kuyilapho wabuciko uyaphila.