Uyini Ukwakheka sethusi has iphesenti. Izakhiwo Kwalo Izicelo

Bronze - i ingxubevange ye izinsimbi ezimbili. It is kabanzi kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila komuntu, kusukela embonini yezimoto ukuba design ingaphakathi.

Kuyini Bronze?

Lokhu zethusi elixutshiwe nge tin. Futhi, ekukhiqizeni yayo, aluminium lingasetshenziswa esikhundleni lesi samuva manganese, beryllium nezinye izakhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka iqukethe ukungcola ezahlukene amanani amancane.

Futhi ngokusekelwe wadala zethusi ithusi, okuyiwona-zinc isetshenziswa.

Namuhla, kunezindawo brand of ingxubevange, lapho yenziwe ngohlobo oluhlukile. Bronze ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo zingase zishintshe kakhulu. Amagama ahlukile okusetshenziselwa izinjongo ezihlukahlukene.

Umbala ingxubevange incike iphesenti nethini, zazo liqukethe. Nge ngincipha amanani ukwanda lokuqala nelesibili e coloration elibomvu futhi ilahlekelwa iba grey.

Lapho siqala nethusi, na?

Lokhu ingxubevange is kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kakhulu ezaziwayo. Waqala ukwenza bese usebenzisa kuneNingizimu yensimbi. ithusi kuphela futhi ithini afakiwe ngezithako zawo. Bronze isikhathi besingenayo amanyela. Waqale ekhiqizwa iminyaka acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ezedlule, okungukuthi, e-III yeminyaka BC. e. Isikhathi lapho ukusetshenziswa kwalesi ingxubevange libizwa - "Bronze Age". Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa ngize yeminyaka BC. e., okungukuthi, kuze kube isikhathi ukuthi abantu bafunda kukhishwe insimbi.

Bronze kabanzi womshini imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ubucwebe, imifanekiso, izikhali nezinto.

Bronze. Ukwakheka kanye Isicelo

Yenziwe lokhu yokuqasha ingxubevange: izinduku, nokufakwa, amapuleti, kanye zonke izinhlobo nezinye imikhiqizo, efana nokuzula anezikhala, amabombo, iyiphi imininingwane imishini ehlukahlukene. Futhi zethusi isetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kanye izakhiwo womshini izikhumbuzo, izakhi okuhlobisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu ingxubevange uthola isicelo yayo kule amapayipi - yenziwa ipayipi.

Iqembu main kuyinto zethusi ithini. Kusukela isihloko kuyacaca ukuthi ithini ingenye izinsimbi base ezakha. Bronze yalolu hlobo ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili ezingafani: kuletha umfutho ophakeme, kanye ekubunjweni esetshenziselwa ukucubungula.

Libhekisela ukucutshungulwa ingcindezi DP. OCS 4-4-2,5. Ubunjwe tin e isamba kwemithathu kuya amaphesenti amahlanu phambili (kusuka 1.5 kuya 3.5 amaphesenti), i-zinc (kusuka ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu amaphesenti), futhi yensimbi kancane (0.05%). Yonke enye into - zethusi.

Leli qembu sihlanganisa zethusi Ukwakheka okuhlanganisa phakathi eziyisithupha futhi eziyisikhombisa amaphesenti ithini amaphesenti 0.1-0.25 phosphorus kanye 0.02% yensimbi nomthofu efanayo. Lokhu Br. PF 6,5-0,15.

Iqembu elilandelayo - Ekubunjweni ngethusi. Izithasiselo ngesimo yensimbi abafakiwe ngezithako zawo. Bronze yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ukwenziwa art izinto, nokufakwa nokunye. D.

Br. OTSS6-6-3 siqukethe amaphesenti eziyisihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa tin, i-zinc amaphesenti 5.5-6.8 ngethusi.

Ukwakheka Br. OTSSN3-7-5-1 kuhlanganisa 2.5-4.5 amaphesenti ithini amaphesenti 6.5-7.5 zinc, 4.6-5.4% futhi 0.8-1.2% kwezinga lomthofu kanye ne-nickel.

Ngokuvamile, esikhathini sethu saqala esikhundleni ithini nezinye izinto ezimbiwa phansi, ngoba ushibhile. Alloys okunjalo yakha leso sigcawu.

Bronze, hhayi equkethe tin ngokuvamile eliphansi in izinga. Okunjalo izinhlobo zalo kabanzi izimboni yezimoto kanye efanayo.

aluminium nethusi

Lokhu metal ngokuvamile kakhulu uba esikhundleni ithini. Inani lalo e-ingxubevange kungaba amaphesenti angu-10. Bronze, ukwakheka kanye izakhiwo okuye kwaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kancane ezahlukene kusukela aluminium. Kuyabiza ngaphezulu, njengoba tin kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo osetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa lokhu ingxubevange has a izindleko ephakeme kunaleyo aluminium.

Nokho, nakuba kubalulekile futhi ashibhile, aluminium nethusi usenayo namandla high, ngokuhambisa izakhiwo. Kusukela imikhono yakhe wenza ikakhulukazi amabombo, amasondo impethu nokunye.

Sha ezivame kakhulu kuleli qembu kuyinto Br ngethusi. AZHN10-4-4. Ukwakheka kwalo kuhlanganisa 9.5-11 amaphesenti aluminium, 3.5-5.5 amaphesenti manganese kanye esilinganayo yensimbi. Else - zethusi.

beryllium zethusi

Ngo Alloys ezinjalo ziqukethe amaphesenti angaba ngu ezimbili beryllium.

They possess amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu kanye ubulukhuni sezibekwe ngaphansi ukwelashwa ukushisa ekhethekile okuyinto enomthelela izici ezibonakalayo. Isicelo main yalezi zethusi kukhona amathuluzi yokukhiqiza, ezifana izando, amashizolo nokunye okunjalo. D.

silicon zethusi

Leli qembu Alloys kuhlanganisa e yayo Ukwakheka 3.2 amaphesenti silicon. Ziyakwazi ukumelana ukugqwala futhi ezinhle asakazwe izakhiwo.

Kusukela lolu hlobo ngokuvamile enziwa itheyiphu impahla, ngocingo, imikhiqizo springy nokunye okunjalo.

nickel zethusi

Njengoba ukungcola zimumethe ne-nickel. Phakathi kwabo kukhona izici eziyinhloko viscosity, enokumelana okuhle acid kanye okushisa aphakeme.

lethusi patinated

Esikhathini sethu, kuvamile impela futhi lolu hlobo. lethusi patina ulunika umphumela osemdala futhi kudlala indima zokuhlobisa. Kodwa ngaphandle ukuthi, liphinde ivikela impahla kusuka ukugqwala. patination indlela lokhu ingxubevange kufana blackening ubuchwepheshe esiliva. Ngenxa yalokho, le nqubo uphendulela abamnyama lethusi, ukubunjwa okuyinto ayikashintshi.

zethusi

Ukwakheka zethusi nethusi has into eyodwa eyinhloko in common - ingxenye eyinhloko liyithusi. Libuye ingxubevange ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi based lokhu metal. Nokho, njengoba umbandela wesibili, kulesi simo-zinc isetshenziswa esikhundleni ithini. Futhi ekhona inani okufakiwe ezincane ngesimo umthofu, insimbi ne-silicon.

Yikuphi okufakiwe kuqukethwe brand lesitsite zethusi, kungaqondakala kusukela kophawu, lapho ngemva kwencwadi L (okusho "zethusi") kwaletha esinye, isibonelo C (phambili) e ekubizweni LS59-1. Kule sizwisise ukuthi ingxubevange iqukethe amaphesenti angu-59-copper, 1 - nomthofu-free, kanti bonke abanye - zinc.

Umbala zethusi impahla yayo incike iphesenti nokuqukethwe kwalo wethusi. Kukhona ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: obomvu, ophuzi nomhlophe. Red iqukethe ukubunjwa yayo ezingaphezu kuka-80 per cent zethusi, lolu hlobo zethusi ubizwa nangokuthi "zethusi abomvu". Isetshenziselwa womshini amashidi mncane.

Ngezinye aphansi ngamaphesenti zethusi ophuzi - 40-80%. It is ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa ukwenziwa okhiye, earphone, njengoba lisetshenziswe embonini yezimoto.

White zethusi okufana yakhiwa 20-40% yethusi. Kuyinto buyinto ebucayi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungenziwa kuphela ezakhiwe ekubunjweni.