Uyini ukuvuleka elanga? Imiphumela kanye ukubikezela izenzakalo

Ugesi wemisebe yelanga yiwona kuyalithinta kuyadida eplanethini yethu. Kusinika efudumele, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kungaba nomthelela ongemuhle empilweni yabantu. Esinye sezizathu ngoba umthelela ongemuhle - ama-solar. kanjani zenzeka? Iyini imiphumela bemqhuba?

Ilanga kanye ukuvuleka elanga

Ilanga iyona kuphela nkanyezi yesimiso sethu, okuyinto kuye futhi wabizwa ngokuthi "ilanga." It has a yisisindo esikhulu futhi ngenxa yesisindo izinqaba emhlabeni wonke amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga. Iphephandaba iThe Star kuyinto ibhola ane-helium, i-hydrogen kanye nezinye izakhi (sulphur, insimbi, i-nitrogen nokunye. D.), Yikuphi eziqukethwe amanani amancane.

Ilanga ungumthombo oyinhloko ukukhanya nokushisa Emhlabeni. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa ehlalayo Fusion ukusabela, okuyinto zivame ukuhambisana mikhanyo futhi ukubukeka namabala amnyama, coronal mass ejection.

Ama-solar flare kwenzeke phezu namabala amnyama, likhipha semali amandla. imiphumela yabo kwakuxhunyaniswa isinyathelo ngaphambi izindawo ngokwabo. Isenzakalo wathola ngo-1859, kodwa abaningi izinqubo ezihambisana naso, kuphela wafunda.

Ama-solar flare: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Isenzo mkhuba esifushane - imizuzu embalwa nje. Eqinisweni, i-ukuvuleka elanga - kuqhuma ibhomu kakhulu ngemva, ehlanganisa wonke izingqimba asemkhathini lale nkanyezi. Zivela ngesimo protuberance ezincane, okuyinto kakhulu kuqubuka, likhipha-X-ray, umsakazo imisebe ultraviolet.

Ilanga uzungeza emhlabeni axis awo kuyinto Ukuboshelwa. Kuma-pole, ezinyakazayo salo kancane kuka enkabazwe, ngakho ukusonta kwenzeka kazibuthe. Ukuqhuma kwenzeka lapho ukucindezeleka ezindaweni ka 'zisonta "unamandla kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, yakhulula izigidigidi megatons zamandla. mikhanyo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezindaweni kokungathathi hlangothi phakathi izindawo ezimnyama polarity ezahlukene. imvelo yabo kuchazwa solar umjikelezo isigaba.

Kuye ekuqineni ukukhanya-X-ray kanye ngesikhathi isiqongo womsebenzi, flash is yizigaba. Amandla ichazwa Watts ngamunye imitha square. Eziqine ukuvuleka elanga libhekisela isilinganiso grade luchazwa ngegama uhlamvu M, futhi ebuthaka - S. ngamunye wabo izikhathi 10 ezahlukene kusukela isikhundla eyedlule.

Effect Emhlabeni

Kuthatha cishe imizuzu engu-7-10 ngaphambi komhlaba kokuzwa imiphumela kubona ngenxa yokuqhuma kwebhomu elangeni. Phakathi agqoke, kanye emisebeni sasikhipha plasma, kwakheka okuyinto efwini plasma. Ama-solar wind iziphathele ohlangothini Earth, okubangela iplanethi yethu iziphepho magnetic.

Ngo yangaphandle isikhala ukuqhuma emisebeni yangemuva, okungase kuthinte impilo zezinkanyezi kuthuthukisa, kungaba thinta futhi flying kundiza zabantu. Igagasi kagesi kusukela flash akakubangeli ukuphazamiseka okuyingozi kusuka iziphuphutheki kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

Emhlabeni, flash kungathinta kakhulu inhlalakahle yabantu. Lokhu kubonakala ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, umehluko ingcindezi, ubuhlungu bekhanda, okwehlisa umsebenzi ubuchopho. Abantu nge buthaka omzimba, nokugula ngengqondo, iziyaluyalu zenhliziyo kanye nezifo ezingamahlala khona ikakhulukazi thinly uzizwe ilanga ngomsebenzi ngokwawo.

It has ukuzwela kanye nobuchwepheshe. Solar-X class igqamuka bayakwazi ukukhubaza imisakazo emhlabeni wonke, amandla isilinganiso ukuqhuma ikakhulu kuthinta ezindaweni ezibandayo.

ukuqapha

Enamandla kunazo ukuvuleka elanga kwenzeka ngo-1859, uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi superstorms Sunny noma umcimbi Carrington. Ngangineminyaka lucky ukuphawule isazi sezinkanyezi Richard Carrington, ogama nodumo okuthiwa lomkhuba. Ukugqashuka ebangele Northern Lights, okungase ukubona ngisho eCaribbean, futhi yocingo uhlelo lokuxhumana eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu flash awahlelanga.

Storm, efana Carrington umcimbi, okwenzeka kanye njalo eminyakeni 500. Imiphumela ngenxa yokuphila kubantu kungenzeka nge Ukuvutha kancane, ngakho ososayensi unesithakazelo ukubikezela kubo. Ukubikezela umsebenzi solar akulula, ngoba isakhiwo inkanyezi yethu eziguquguqukayo.

ucwaningo okusebenzayo kule ndawo iphatha NASA. Esebenzisa ukuhlaziywa solar kazibuthe amakhulu, ososayensi esesizifundile kanjani ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana enye kokugqashuka, kodwa izibikezelo olunembile ukwenza okwamanje kungenzeka. Zonke izibikezelo imagebhugebhu kakhulu futhi ukubika "Ilanga elihlale libalele" kuphela isikhashana, kuze kufike izinsuku 3.