Uyini thallus? Thallus morphology futhi umsebenzi

Uma sibheka umzimba sezinhlamvu zezitshalo ephakeme kanye ulwelwe kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, uzophawula lukhulu isakhiwo kanye morphology. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba evolutionarily yasungula ukuze nezitshalo eziqhakazayo yesimanje lingaphezulu kakhulu ehleliwe kuka ulwelwe kweqiniso. Umehluko omkhulu itholakala Ukuklanywa komzimba, okuyinto ulwelwe kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo uvezwa uhlobo thallus.

Uyini thallus?

ifomu eziningi zanamuhla ulwelwe wehlukile kakhulu, ngenxa isakhiwo esilula umzimba, elisetendeni inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo iye yashintsha futhi uguqulwe, kuye ngokuthi imvelo nezinye izinto ezibalulekile kwemvelo. NgoLwesine kutholakale isidumbu sendoda i umzimba, okungasekelwe ihlukaniswe ahlukene emizimbeni ezisebenza ezimele futhi siqukethe kwezicubu wavuma ezikhethekile - lokhu thallus. Le ncazelo akuyona kuphela ezifanelekela ulwelwe, kodwa futhi ngoba ezihlukahlukene wona kanye ulele zonke futhi abanye isikhunta.

Thallus liyisici esibalulekile elula zezitshalo ezinye izinto eziphilayo. It wenza yonke imisebenzi ngesikhathi esisodwa, elalingelamaFilisti amahlamvu, izimpande noma sifanamsindvo eceleni inhlangano neliphelele kunalelo.

Ngakho lokho thallus? Lena ingxenye eyinhloko obusebenzayo umzimba, okuyinto obangela ukukhula nasekuvezeni izithombo zaso ezintsha. Ukuba lula kwezincazelo inhlangano lesi sakhiwo ngandlela-thile kwenza kwaba lula lokukwazi ukuzibonisa ngokugcwele lezi izindawo, okuyinto ngeke ikwazi ukukhulisa hlobo of mila. Ukuba khona thallus kungenziwa ngokuthi uhlobo inzuzo.

Umehluko thallus ka ephakeme izitshalo umzimba

Kukhona ezinye umehluko oyisisekelo ku nokwakheka morphology zomzimba phakathi spore samanje, izimila eziveza imbewu, futhi enjalo eziphilayo ongaphakeme athuthukile ezifana ulwelwe, wona, ulele.

1. Thallus hhayi sihlukaniswe ngu vegetative futhi izitho okuzala, futhi kuyinto okuqinile umzimba amorphous, okuyinto lungeza ngezindlela eziningi.
2. I thallus ulwelwe, moss futhi ulele akukho kwamangqamuzana e nezicubu. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, sibona lamatshwayo namaqembu amangqamuzana kwenza imisebenzi efana.

amafomu Thallus e eziphilayo ezahlukene

Thallus ulwelwe ubizwa nangokuthi thallus. Kungaba filamentous, ipuleti, sifonalny, lwentshebe laphetha, band emise, umcibisholo emise. Thallus uhlobo la magciwane kuyinto ngempela ahlukahlukene, hhayi kuphela ngesimo kodwa futhi umbala: izimila zasolwandle umzimba kungaba oluhlaza, ensundu, obomvu, ophuzi noma ophuzi, onsundu.

Ulele nazo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zale thallus yabo. Zingaba:

1. Crustose: thallus uvalwe tho nge substrate lapho likhula, bese umzimba ulele ngeke zihlukaniswe ngaphandle kokulimaza isakhiwo substrate.
2. Foliated. umehluko yabo itholakala esincane qeda kusukela iphuzu elifanayo izindwani ukuthi bathinteka kalula kusukela substrate.
3. Amafushane. Abakwazi ukufinyelela osayizi enkulu ubude, ngokuvamile kuhle futhi ezinabantu branched.

Phakathi isikhunta, kukhona izinhlobo thalloid, kodwa khona umbuso amaqembu eziphilayo, okuyinto izimpawu thallus, kuyinto ngaphandle kunokuba umthetho. Kubo, isici kumiswa mycelium umzimba.

igama elithi "thallus" ukuthi kwakufaneleka ukuba sisebenzise yonke indawo?

Akuwona wonke umzimba wona kuyinto thallus. Ukuze amalungu isibindi ukuze futhi sphagnum wona thallus libhekene cishe abantu ngothi lwabo. Bryophyta, okuhlanganisa, isibonelo, Kukushkin yefilakisi, namanje kuhlukaniswe. Nokho, akuzona stem kweqiniso futhi amaqabunga, ngakho abizwa ngokuthi kahle, ngokulandelana kaulidiem noPhyllis. Nokho, naphezu inkimbinkimbi inhlangano saloluhlobo lwemtimba, asikwazi ngokuthi thallus.

Uyini thallus emkhakheni wezinto eziphilayo, siyazi, futhi bavame ukunikeza isibonelo ulwelwe njengoba izitshalo aphansi. Nokho, kunokuningi okungakhulunywanga ngakho, njengoba akuwona wonke amalungu la magciwane kukhona ezinamangqamuzana amaningi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, abaningi babo bangabantu izakhiwo unicellular noma wamakoloni ukuthi ngabe ngokuyiphutha ngokuthi thallus.

isiphetho

Sesihlole lokho thallus kunalokho kungenziwa emelelwa futhi okuyifomu ithatha. Naphezu inkimbinkimbi inhlangano ulwelwe wona noma ulele, kuyafaneleka ukubaluleka thallus e isakhiwo imizimba yabo. Ngenxa lesi sici, bakwazi balukhulume izindawo ezinjalo lapho kunzima ukujwayela izitshalo eziningi zanamuhla athuthukile.

Tull owenza yonke imisebenzi ukuthi esivela kwezitho ezivamile zezimbali. It kalula ubamba amanzi wonke umzimba ngaphansi kwamanzi, photosynthesis, sibonga sombala ekhethekile. Futhi by the way, ezihlukahlukene ulwelwe Umbala - kuwumphumela zombala ezahlukene photosensitive okukuvumela hlala la magciwane ekujuleni ezahlukene, ngaphandle kwaphazamiseka nomunye kule nqubo ye ukumuncwa ukukhanya. Yilokho okwatholwa ulwelwe thallus.