Thallus - ke ... Sakhiwo izinhlobo thalli

Ulwelwe futhi ulele akudingeki eziningi ezifanayo. Kodwa lokhu kungatholakala kuphela efika kuqala. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kubo ukuthi Ukuklanywa komzimba wabo - thallus.

Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezinamangqamuzana amaningi

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi lokho kungaba eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene, ehlanganisa nedlanzana amaseli ngaphezulu? Nokho, kuncike izici zemizimba yabo ungaba isakhiwo bahluke. Ngokwesibonelo, emangqamuzaneni ephakeme isitshalo, ezifanayo lokuphatselene nesakhiwo nemsebenti ehlangana amaqembu ukwakha Indwangu. Ngamunye wabo inezici ayo kwesakhiwo ukuthi zihlobene kakhulu imisebenzi eyenziwa. Ngokwesibonelo, kumiswa leaf sitshalo ngu enamathela, main esitolo futhi photosynthesis Umqhubi kanye nezicubu lokukhanda.

Kodwa futhi Volvox umzimba ezakhiwe sebuningini amaseli. Nokho, ngalinye kulawa imisebenzi ngokwehlukile. La mangqamuzana kungukuthi ezikhethekile. Zizungezwe imvilophi ezivamile, ukwakha amakoloni.

Uyini thallus

I thallus - isakhiwo ukuthi futhi siqukethe sebuningini amaseli. Ziyakwazi ezifanayo isakhiwo, futhi ngamunye usebenza njengoba umzimba ehlukile. the thallus amaseli uvalwe eduze komunye nomunye, ukuze inhlanganisela yabo ukhiqiza ukubukeka okubonakalayo umzimba, ehlanganisa izicubu kanye izitho. Eqinisweni, lezi zakhiwo kuphela abameleli izitshalo ephakeme nge isakhiwo yizihlahla.

izinhlobo thalli

Tull, Slano, thallus - ke igama umzimba vegetative, esakhiwa amaseli afanayo kungcono. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngempela ezihlukahlukene enkulu. thalli Filamentous ahlukaniswe ngayo indiza. Zimelela eyodwa noma ngaphezulu imigqa namaseli. Letakhi kukhona isici cyanobacteria kanye ulwelwe eminyangweni kahulumeni ehlukahlukene - oluhlaza, ensundu ohrofitovyh. Uma kwayo ngabanye tho komunye nomunye, kwakhiwa lozhnotkanevoe thallus. Akuve olunzulu futhi ihlangabezana abameleli ensundu ulwelwe abomvu. Kodwa ngokuvamile isikhunta kuyagcinwa thalli filamentous. Zakhiwa sesigcilikisha ngabanye - hyphae. yonke isethi amafomu fruiting imizimba isikhunta. Imvubelo thallus siqukethe amangqamuzana ngamanye noma uwohloka yabo ngamaketanga. Lesi sakhiwo inquma ikhono layo Olufufusayo.

Kukhona futhi thallus owumphumela. Ngakho ososayensi abakubiza ngokuthi zoospores monadic noma flagellate ulwelwe amaseli bese germ cells kwezilwane. It zisakazwa imvelo amoeboid thallus. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa ezinye amaseli amaqembu ulwelwe uyakwazi ukwakha pseudopodia noma unyawo zamanga.

Yikuphi eziphilayo kukhona thallus

Njengoba ubona, isakhiwo thalloid esivamile kuphela abameleli ngazinye izilwane zasendle. Lezi zonke izingxenye ulwelwe ulele athile kanye nesikhunta.

Thallus futhi babe izitshalo spore ephakeme ku prothallia esiteji. Ngokwesibonelo, Fern unjani ipuleti encane lapho amaseli ubulili ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nge ekubumbaneni yabo zygote kwakhiwa - iqanda eselivundisiwe. Kulo futhi ithuthukisa eluhlaza plant, okuyinto asexual isizukulwane Fern.

Thallus isikhunta, ulwelwe kanye ulele libhekene izinga labo ngabanye yenhlangano kanye nokusebenza. Ake sicabangele ngayinye yalezi zinkulumo ngokuningiliziwe.

ulwelwe thallus

Ulwelwe kukhona izitshalo lokuqala emhlabeni. Ukuhlala amanzi, akudingeki kulezi kwezicubu. Lawa ejwayelekile eziphilayo thalloid, okuyizinto okwandile emhlabeni futhi ezahlukene kwezicelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho thallus, ulwelwe esinye isakhiwo ezinamangqamuzana amaningi. Lokhu rhizoids ngokwengxenye enze umsebenzi we izimpande, kodwa futhi musa akha izicubu. Sakhiwo evamile umzimba nge kelp - thallus, ukubuyekezwa kanye nezincazelo zazo laziwe kubo bonke. Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, lokhu alga ubizwa nangokuthi izimila zasolwandle kudliwa izimfanelo ezibalulekile yokudla okunempilo.

Izinhlobo ulele thalli

La magciwane thalloid amelela a Symbiosis esiyingqayizivele isikhunta futhi cyanobacteria. Lichen thalli isakhiwo emelelwa hyphae ngazinye phakathi okuyinto ehlakazekile amaseli cyanobacterial. uqweqwe kwakhiwa phezulu kanye phansi kumiswa. Lena embhedeni eziningi ezivusa amadlingozi hyphae fungal. Kuye ngetindlela letitsite thallus ulele kuthiwa foliated, crustaceous noma lwentshebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo angase ayikhohlwe kalula ukunquma ngeso lenyama. Ngakho, crustose ulele - uqweqwe okuyinto ngokuqinile tho nge substrate. Ngokuvamile, zikhula kokushayisa amadwala noma izindunduma amawa. ulele Foliose unomzimba ipuleti-ezimise nge onqenqemeni mihlobiso. thallus wabo unamathele substrate, okungase kube izingodo, amatshe noma inhlabathi, esebenzisa ingilazi yefasitelana. ulele Amafushane zivamise branched ngamaqabunga. Ungakwazi kukhule kokubili Bona emhlabathini amagatsha emithi enkulu futhi isisekelo enamadwala. Painting of ulele wehlukile kakhulu: white, ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngisho elimnyama.

Izici zokuphila

Thallus - ngokuyinhloko umzimba vegetative eziphilayo, okuyinto lucwaningo inqubo ukukhiqizwa kabusha asexual. Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi ulwelwe waphawula alternation izizukulwane inqubo. Futhi owandile umjikelezo yabo yokuphila iyona sporophyte. Lesi sizukulwane is okusakazwa asexually weseli division nezingxenye uhlukanisa thallus. Amandla thalli zezinhlobo ezahlukene kuye ngokuthi izimfanelo isakhiwo sabo. Ngokwesibonelo, hyphae ulele fungal zimunce amanzi izakhi okuwuketshezi enhlabathini, futhi cyanobacterial amaseli uyakwazi ye-photosynthesis. Ulwelwe nazo Autotrophic. Kodwa isikhunta kwenziwe umhlabathi umsoco kuphela, abancela samanzi hyphae.

okusho thalli

izici isakhi abanikazi thalli ukwenza kube ngempela linesizotha nokusatshalaliswa eziphilayo ngokuvamile babe izakhiwo ezibalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, kelp. Thallus, ukubuyekezwa aziwa wonke umuntu - kuba emizimbeni eyigugu futhi fruiting isikhunta, ulele futhi thalli. Bayisibonelo umthombo ukudla izinhlobo eziningi izilwane ngisho womuntu, njengoba ecebile amaprotheni kanye micronutrients. Kukholakala ukuthi ngisho unkulunkulu uthumele, okuyinto ithumela ukuba uMninimandla onke abantu - hhayi ukuthi abanye, njengoba omunye zezintaka ulele.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko lesi sakhiwo ukuze eziphilayo kuyinto esiphelweni vegetative. Izingxenye ngazinye thallus kungenziwa ahlukaniswe, futhi isishiya umzimba abasha. Nge thallus kwenzeka kanye supply inqubo. Ulwelwe kanye ulele thalli abenzele izinto eziphilayo, okuyinto akhiqizwa phakathi i-photosynthesis. Futhi abahlinzeki ebalulekile umoya-mpilo kule planethi. hyphae fungal bayakwazi ukungena letihlomulisa co-khona kanye nezimpande zezihlahla, ngokuthi mycorrhiza. izibonelo Obvious eziphilayo ezifana kukhona boletus futhi Boletus. Iqiniso Okumangazayo ukuthi mycorrhizal isitshalo ithola amanzi ngaphezulu izikhathi eziningana enhlabathini kuka esihlahleni esifanayo ngaphandle kwakhe.

Ngakho thallus - isakhiwo esakha umzimba ulwelwe, ama-fungus kanye ulele. Siqukethe amangqamuzana ngamanye futhi ingeyona izicubu ezikhethekile. Ngakho-ke, umzimba zalezi zinto kuthiwa bonyana akukafaneli kuphulwe kube emizimbeni ehlukile. Ukuze ulwelwe rhizoids impande umsebenzi wenziwa, futhi obumba izindwangu nesikhunta thallus ezakhiwe sesigcilikisha ngabanye - hyphae. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-thallus - asexual ukukhiqizwa kabusha kanye nokudla eziphilayo.