Sendlela ukubhekana imisebenzi ezinyakazayo? I izixazululo amasu izinkinga traffic

Mathematics - ngempela indaba elukhuni, kodwa ngokuhamba esikoleni ke kuyomelwe baye ngokusebenzisa konke. nobunzima ikakhulukazi e abafundi okubangelwa inkinga ezinyakazayo. Indlela ukuxazulula izinkinga kanye nenqwaba isikhathi esichithwa, sibheke lesi sihloko.

Qaphela ukuthi uma ugcina ke le misebenzi ngeke abangele noma ibuphi ubunzima. Inqubo izixazululo lingathuthukiswa ukuze automatism.

zinhlobo

Asho ukuthini lolu hlobo lomsebenzi? Kuyinto imisebenzi ngempela elula futhi kube lula, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• izimoto ophambana nazo;
• ukuphishekela;
• Movement kolunye uhlangothi;
• traffic emfuleni.

Sinikeza zonke ukukhetha ongakucabangela ngokwehlukile. Yiqiniso, siyobe ukuqaqa izibonelo kuphela. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sihambe udlulela umbuzo indlela yokuxazulula inkinga ezinyakazayo, kubalulekile ukufaka ifomula esiyidingayo ekubhekaneni ngokuphelele yonke imisebenzi yalolu hlobo.

Formula: S = V * t. A nakuchazwa: S - indlela, V incwadi isho velocity, futhi t incwadi yisikhathi. Zonke amanani ungaboniswa ngokuya ifomula. Ngakho, ijubane indlela ehlukaniswa isikhathi, kanye nesikhathi - yindlela, zihlukaniswe isivinini.

ukunyakaza maqondana

Kuyinto owande kakhulu imisebenzi. Ukuze uqonde isinqumo, cabanga ngesibonelo esilandelayo. Izimo: "nezinye amabhayisikili amabili aya kanyekanye nawo ngomunye nomunye, indlela kusuka kwenye indlu kuya kwenye 100 km Kuyini ibanga yonkana 120 amaminithi, uma yaziwa ukuthi velocity we - 20 km ngehora, kanti eyesibili - nanhlanu.". Siphendukela umbuzo indlela yokuxazulula inkinga Abahamba.

Ukuze wenze lokhu sidinga ukwethula inkulumo, "isivinini lokuvala". Ngo Isibonelo sethu, ukuthi kuyoba ulingana 35 km ngehora (20 amakhilomitha ngehora + 15 km ngehora). Lokhu kuyoba isinyathelo sokuqala yokuxazulula le nkinga iyabheda. Ngokulandelayo, uphindaphinde Isivinini ezimbili lokuvala njengoba ukuhambisa amahora amabili: 35 * 2 = 70 km. Sithole ibanga ukuthi Abahamba ngeke asondele 120 amaminithi. It uhlala isinyathelo sokugcina: 100-70 = 30 amakhilomitha. Lokhu kubalwa, sathola ibanga phakathi Abahamba. Impendulo: 30 km.

Uma ungenalo baqonde indlela yokuxazulula inkinga esiphikisayo ukunyakaza, usebenzisa isivinini indlela, sebenzisa enye indlela.

Indlela yesibili

Okokuqala, sithola indlela ladabula lo muntu owayegibele ibhayisikili wokuqala: 20 * 2 = 40 amakhilomitha. Indlela umngane 2nd: Nanhlanu iphindwe ezimbili, ilingana amakhilomitha amathathu. Songa ibanga by lo muntu owayegibele ibhayisikili lokuqala nelesibili: 40 + 30 = 70 amakhilomitha. Siyazi lapho indlela yokunqoba ndawonye, ngakho kwesokunxele zonke izindlela siwela Khupha: 100-70 = 30 km. Impendulo: 30 km.

Sesihlole uhlobo lokuqala izinkinga ezinyakazayo. Indlela ukuxazulula kubo, manje kucace, uqhubekele emehlweni esilandelayo.

Countermovement

Isimo: "Kusukela umuntu mink kolunye uhlangothi ukhwele onogwaja ababili isivinini lokuqala - amakhilomitha 40 ngehora, kanti eyesibili - 45 mph kude kanjani ukuthi bavela nomunye ngamahora amabili ..?"

Lapha, njengoba esikhathini esidlule, kukhona izixazululo ezimbili kungenzeka. Esikhathini sokuqala, siyoziphatha ngendlela ngendlela ajwayelekile:

1. Indlela nonogwaja lokuqala: 40 * 2 = 80 km.
2. Indlela nonogwaja yesibili: 45 * 2 = 90 km.
3. Indlela bangena ndawonye: 80 + 90 = 170 km. Impendulo: 170 km.

Kodwa kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho.

ukususwa isilinganiso

Njengoba uke ukuyichaza kakade, kulesi simo, ofuze owokuqala, kuzoba khona elithi entsha. Cabanga uhlobo elandelayo izinkinga ezinyakazayo, indlela yokuxazulula kubo ngosizo izinga ukususwa.

Wakhe thina kwasekuqaleni futhi sithola: 40 + 45 = 85 ngehora. It uhlala ukucacisa lokho ibanga abahlukanise, ngoba yonke idatha aziwayo kakade: 85 * 2 = 170 km. Impendulo: 170 km. Sesihlole ikhambi izinkinga kwi ukunyakaza ngendlela yendabuko, kanye ukuvala isivinini nokususwa.

ukunyakaza ngemuva

Ake sibheke isibonelo inkinga bese uzama ukuxazulula ndawonye. Isimo: ". Ababili besikole, uCyril Anton, washiya esikoleni futhi zayiswa ngesivinini amamitha 50 ngomzuzu Kostya wabashiya imizuzu eyisithupha ngesivinini 80 amamitha ngomzuzu Ngemva ezinye nenani lesikhathi nizowafica Konstantin uCyril Anton.?"

Ngakho, indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga kwi ukunyakaza ngemuva? Lapha sidinga ijubane indlela. Kuphela kuleli cala akufanele wanezela, futhi sisuswe: 80-50 = 30 m ngomzuzu. Isenzo yesibili bayokwazi ngalokho ukuthi amamitha eziningi ehlukanisa isikole ukuze ithambo okukhiphayo. Kuze kube yimanje, 50 * 6 = 300 metres. Isenzo sokugcina sithola ngesikhathi lapho Kostya uhambisane uCyril Anton. Ukuze le ndlela amamitha 300 kumele zihlukaniswe isivinini okuphetha ka 30 kwamamitha ngomzuzu: 300: 30 = 10 imizuzu. Impendulo: ngemva kwemizuzu engu-10.

okutholakele

Kususelwa ingxoxo engenhla, kungenzeka ukuba eziphethweni:

• nawurarulula traffic Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa izinga tekuhlangani nokususwa;
• uma kuyindodana esiphikisayo ngokunyakaza noma ezihambayo ngaphandle, lezi zinqubo ngokwengeza velocities lezinto;
• Uma umsebenzi phambi kwethu phezu ukunyakaza ekuphishekeleni ke adle isenzo obuhlukile kwalokho, okungukuthi ukukhupha.

Sesihlole ezinye imisebenzi sendleleni, nendlela yokubhekana, waqonda, safike bajwayelane lwati lwa "isivinini lokuvala" futhi "ukususwa isilinganiso", luhlala ukucabangela endaweni yokugcina, okungukuthi, indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga ku ukuhamba emfuleni?

Yiqiniso

Lapho ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana futhi:

• imisebenzi ukunyakaza maqondana nomunye;
• ukunyakaza ekuphishekeleni;
• Movement kolunye uhlangothi.

Kodwa ngokungafani imisebenzi odlule, umfula has a Isivinini ukugeleza ukuthi akunakugwenywa. Lapha, izinto izoya noma ngomfula - ke le izinga kufanele ukungezwa ijubane siqu lezinto, noma ngokumelene ukugeleza - kubalulekile ongalususa kusukela ijubane into.

Isibonelo inkinga motion emfuleni

Isimo: "Jet wahamba ukugeleza ngesivinini amakhilomitha 120 ngehora wabuya, futhi isikhathi wachitha amahora engaphansi kwemibili ikhona, kuka ngokumelene ukugeleza Kuyini ijubane watercraft emi amanzi.?" Sinikwa ukugeleza rate ilingana ikhilomitha elilodwa ngehora.

Thina uqhubekele isinqumo. Sinikeza ukwakha ishadi isibonelo ezibukwayo. Ake sibheke isivinini isithuthuthu emanzini amile x ke ijubane ukugeleza ilingana x + 1 kanye x-1 ngokumelene. Ibanga zohambo kuyinto km 120. It kuvela ukuthi ngesikhathi kuthathwe ukuhambisa ngokumelene ukugeleza 120 (x-1), futhi ukugeleza 120 (x + 1). Kuyaziwa ukuthi 120 (x-1) amahora amabili lingaphansi kuka 120 (x + 1). Manje singakwazi udlulela ngokugcwalisa etafuleni.

Lokho esinakho: (120 / (1-x)) - 2 = 120 / (x + 1) wande ingxenye ngayinye ku (x + 1) (x-1);

120 (x + 1) -2 (x + 1) (x-1) -120 (x-1) = 0;

Thina ukuxazulula kwesibalo:

(X ^ 2) = 121

Impendulo + -11, futhi -11 njengoba 11 futhi unike isikwele 121. Kodwa impendulo yethu inguyebo, ngenxa ijubane ngesithuthuthu angeke zinenani ezimbi, ngakho-ke, letawubhalwa kungaba: Phawula ukuthi zikhona izimpendulo ezimbili kungenzeka 11 mph . Ngakho, sithole inani elifunekayo, okungukuthi ijubane e namanje amanzi.

Sesihlole zonke izinketho imisebenzi ezinyakazayo manje isinqumo sabo kufanele awanandaba nangobunzima. Ukuxazulula kubo, odinga ukukwazi ifomula eziyisisekelo futhi amazwi anjengokuthi "Ukuvalwa izinga nokususwa." Yiba nesineke, wachitha lemisebenti, nempumelelo kuyofika.