UThithu - Emperor, owayehlonishwa njengonkulunkulu

Abantu abaningi bazi inkulumo yokuthi imali ayitholakali. Ngokokuqala ngqa, uTito (emperor) wezwa kuyise. Kwakuyilo nkulumo uVespasian uthe indodana yakhe yamangala ukuthi umbusi wanquma ukwenza izindlu zangasese zaseRoma zikhokhwe.

UTito wayeyindodana futhi eyamukelwa nguVespasian. Emlandweni bavame ukubizwa kanjalo, nakuba amagama abo aphelele ahambisana ngokuphelele (Titus Flavius Vespasian). Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, omunye ubizwa ngokuthi uVespasian Flavius (ubaba), omunye u-Titus Flavius (indodana).

Ubani owayenguThithu futhi yini enye ayenaye noyise, ngaphandle kwegama negama lombuso?

Iminyaka emincane

Wazalwa ngonyaka ka-39 uThithu Flavius. UVespasian wayenguyise, futhi uDicicilla wayengunina. UThithu waba umbusi wokuqala waseRoma, owazuza amandla kubaba wakhe. Kodwa kuzokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iminyaka yakhe encane ayichitha enkantolo kaClaudius noNero. Lokhu kwakubangelwa isimo esiyingozi eRoma ngokuqinisa amandla ka-Agrippina.

Ngemva kokufa kuka-Agrippina, uFlavius wakwazi ukubuyela eRoma. Umsebenzi wakhe wezempi waqala emazweni aseBrithani naseJalimane. UThithu (i-emperor ikusasa) wathola isikhundla sesigungu sezempi, futhi kamuva wathatha i-questura. Waqala nje umsebenzi wakhe noyise.

Phakathi nokuphazamiseka eJudiya, uNero wathumela uVespasian ukuxazulula lesi simo. UTito wahamba noyise, waqala ukuyala i-legion. EJudiya, le nsizwa yaqina njengomholi wezempi.

Ukuba indoda elambile amandla, uTit wayefuna okungaphezulu. Lapho eRoma umzabalazo olandelayo wamandla waqala, uThithu wanquma ukukhuthaza uyise uVespasian kubaphathi. Ekuqaleni walinda isikhathi, wabe esedonsela eceleni kwakhe umbusi waseSiriya onethonya. Uhlelo lwakhe lwaluphumelela, uyise waba umbusi eminyakeni engu-69.

Uqhaza empini yamaJuda

UVespasian wasuka eJudiya, enikezela indodana yakhe umyalo oyinhloko. Ngesikhathi eseJudiya, uTito waqala ubuhlobo nendodakazi kaHerodi Agrippa the First, uBerenice omuhle. Kamuva wamthatha waya naye eRoma. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kumvimbele ekubhubhiseni iJerusalema. Futhi wakwenza ngenhlanhla enkulu.

UTito wabuyela eRoma ngokunqoba, waba ngumbusi kayise. Ngokusemthethweni, wathatha isikhundla sePhini likaBalindi, kodwa angaphazamisa izindaba zikahulumeni, asebenzise amandla kaTribun.

Ngaphansi kokubusa kukaVespasian, uTito wayemsola futhi engenonya. Wabulala labo ababebonakala beyingozi kumandla kayise. Ngelinye ilanga wamemela uConul of Aulus Tsetsina etafuleni lakhe wamyala ukuba abulawe. AmaRoma ayethandi ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile kukaThithu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babesaba ukuthi umngane wakhe (umJuda waseJudiya) wayezoba Agasti kamuva.

Isikhathi sikahulumeni

UVespasian washona ngo-79 (1 leminyaka), futhi indawo yakhe yathathwa nguThithu. Umphakathi wawungalungile ngohulumeni wakhe. Ukulungisa isimo, umbusi wathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuthuka ngokujezisa izijeziso;
• Ubekwe imidlalo yokunethezeka yabantu;
• Uxolele labo abasolwa ngokuthuka umbusi.

UThithu (uMbusi waseRoma) waguqula uhlelo lwezobulungiswa. Ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe, sekuye kwafana nokufundiswa namuhla njengomthetho wamaRoma. Kuye, akukho senator eyodwa yaseRoma owaboshwa. Nakuba ngaphambi kwalokho, bekukhona umkhuba hhayi kuphela ukubopha, kodwa futhi ukuwabulala. Wabuye wasekela izinhlelo ezikhethekile, okwakunomsebenzi wokuhlinzeka usizo kwazisulu ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele.

UTito (emperor) wagcwalisa ukubusa kwakhe ngonyaka ka-81. Ukufa kwambamba ngokuzumayo. Ushonile ngomkhuhlane emzini owodwa njengoVespasian. Ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engamashumi amane nambili ubudala.

UTito wayeshadile kabili, kusukela emshadweni wakhe wesibili wayenendodakazi. Ngakho-ke, umlandeli wakhe wayengumfowabo omncane uDominitian.

Ukukhumbula okuhle kukaThithu

Ukubusa kukaThithu kwaphela iminyaka emibili kuphela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi (ikhulu lokuqala), kwakukhona imicimbi emithathu edume kakhulu emlandweni waseRoma lasendulo:

1. Inkundla enkulu emhlabeni wonke yakhiwa futhi yavulwa - i-Flavian Amphitheatre, wonke umuntu owaziyo ngegama elingavumelekile leColosseum.
2. Kwakukhona ukuqhuma kweVesuvius, ngenxa yokuthi uPompeii washona khona.
3. IRoma yayicishe yabhujiswa ngokuphelele ngomlilo futhi yakhiwa kabusha.

Kuzo zonke izinkonzo zakhe emva kokufa kukaThithu (umbusi) zahlanganiswa yiSenate. Isinqumo senziwa ekulalelweni okukhethekile, okwakuqhutshwa njalo emva kokufa kombusi. I-Senate inqume ukuthi lezi zinzalo zizoxhumana kanjani nomuntu oshonile. Abanye babo baqalekisa (uNero, Caligula), kuyilapho abanye bekholelwa. Emva kwalokhu, amaRoma awazange ashintshe isinqumo seSenate.