Umzila umusi kusuka indiza namarokhethi

A ezihlukahlukene omagazini, okuyinto bekwi sokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuhlaziywa kolwazi mayelana impumelelo nezinkinga zezindiza, ngokuvamile sikhulise nilalele eziphathelene nomsebenzi futhi isakhiwo amadivaysi ethuthukisiwe, ezifana izindiza, imicibisholo, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane kanye izindiza asele. Ngokuvamile ngaphansi ukuhlaziywa zonke izenzakalo ezenzeka ngaphakathi nangaphandle isakhiwo imoto ngesikhathi indiza. Ngokuvamile lokhu kubonisa contrail. Abantu abaningi ubukele izindiza enhle flight okuyinto kubuyise strip flat.

Umqondo lo mkhuba

Contrails kwakheka tropopause. On ukuvela yayo kuthinte Umhwamuko uhamba ukuthi ibhekane sithuthukiswe ukufingqa. Ziyakwazi ekhona imikhiqizo amandla omlilo, kusukela ngesikhathi evutha hydrocarbon fuel edliwe nombala. Ngemva kokushiya indlu eyanele nibonakala nenkanyezi umusi umzila indiza noma ezinye iyunithi ebulalayo emoyeni kuba lubonakale.

Kukhona ekhethekile emoyeni show, okuyinto advantageously kwenziwe kuphela sezulu sunny. Le misebenzi ihlelwe emhlabathini, kanye nesimo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngalesi sikhathi inani elikhulu izibukeli nomdlandla wabukela ukuhamba sebuningini izindiza okwenza ezithakazelisayo aqondisa emoyeni. Isici esiyinhloko misebenzi iyona Ukuyekwa kwezindlela fu elinobuthi okukhulu okuvela imoto ngayinye. Ngokuvamile ukwenza kanjalo ukuthi indiza ngayine inezidingo zayo umbala iluphu esisiza ukuthola umphumela acacile kakhulu futhi emnandi.

Ngokungafani ezindizeni, rocket njalo sigodle omkhulu, ngokuvamile ngisho izimpawu esesabekayo ungabheki enkulu kuphela, kodwa futhi kufanele umbala ocebile. Zitholakala kusukela izindiza nge ukulwa izimpahla. Le nqubo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni hhayi kuphela umkhankaso izenzakalo ezikhethekile, kodwa ukuba emgwaqeni noma vula i-TV isiteshi isithakazelo. Ngakho ungabona umzila umusi.

iphiko ithiphu vortex

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indiza kwaba flight ulibangisa isifunda elinganiselwe futhi ngokwanele ezibanzi ebangelwa umkhathi, okuyinto kuba ubuyophazamiseka, isakhiwo yayo isikhathi eside siyashintsha yakhe. Lesi senzakalo uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi obuntofontofo ithrekhi. Ngokuvamile kubonakala ngaphansi isenzo jet izinjini, ngoba njalo ngesikhatsi operation ngeke uxhumana imvelo. Futhi kule nqubo abathintekayo endizeni iphiko ithiphu vortices.

Uma siqhathanisa nomthelela omubi kwezemvelo, ubuqhawe sihlale sinikezwa sinamaphiko vortices ithiphu. Kukhona izimpawu eziningi amathrekhi obuntofontofo, kodwa ngokuvamile iningi badonsekela amaqhinga ezikhethekile wafana ishidi imiphetho engavamile, imikhawulo okuyinto ezisontekile ngokuphelele, kungenzeka ukuqhathanisa kubo ne vortices.

inqubo ezimazombe: ukucabanga yesayensi

inqubo ezimazombe kalula zingachazwa ngokwesayensi. Kubonakala elikhanyayo ingcindezi umehluko phakathi zombili wamaphiko indiza, okungukuthi, ezindaweni zabo yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi. Air kancane kancane isabalaliswe kwamanzi engezansi, njengoba kubonakala ingcindezi ephakeme kakhulu kuso, phezulu, ukuhlala kule ndawo nge ingcindezi ephansi.

Lokhu kubuyiselwa kabusha kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ekupheleni kwephiko ngalinye, ngenxa akha vortices eqinile futhi obonakala khulu. Okusemqoka amandla okuya ingcindezi, njengoba kuncike lift. Lokhu value inethonya elinamandla lundiza. Yini lo mphumela kunamandla, le vortices ezinamandla kakhudlwana futhi ovelele akhiwa.

amagama emikhiqizo ehlukahlukene edayiswa izindiza iphiko vortex esibulalayo ukuhlinzeka

komoya rate izinguquko ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa kungenziwa cishe kunqunywa uma ubukhulu yokuvuka vortex mayelana 8-15 m, akumelwe akhulume ukubaluleka 150 km / h. Ithiphu vortex zingase zimiswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Le nqubo kuxhomeke uphawu, ukucushwa kwe-izindiza. Neziphawulekayo fighters enamandla "Mirage 2000" kanye F-16C, uma sithola ukuthi ukwedlulela kuleso sikhundla phakathi indiza nge engela eliphezulu kuhlasela.

Inqubo ukubukeka ithiphu vortex

Ithiphu vortex libonakala ngokusebenzisa Tracer generator ekhethekile, obhekene efanele isethulo intuthu umzila. Umthelela walesi sakhi ngenxa ushintsho isimo emkhathini ehlala isikhathi eside. Khona-ke, ijubane neuropathy kancane kancane uthulisa phansi, okungukuthi into ezibukwayo ilahlekile iphele.

Ngaphansi isikhathi isinyathelo of vortex neuropathy Isivinini onakala, ngenxa okuyinto isithombe ezibukwayo ekushintsheni wabuka kuze kuze ziyoncibilika ngokuphelele. Ngokunengqondo Swirl umfutho zandise mayelana amabili imizuzu emva indiza flying indawo ethile. a vortex okunjalo uyakwazi kakhulu kuthinte indiza ye-flight mode, okuyinto hit esifundeni emkhathini, ubuyophazamiseka ngenxa yesenzo owedlule imoto.

Yesikhathi eside okwashiwo vortex ithiphu

Lapho vortexes kuthiwa wasithukuthelela each nye they ukubambezela abese esakaza, isb ushintsho lizwakale ubalekela emoyeni. Airplane umusi umzila yindawo enkulu ukuba bagcine kugucuka yayo. Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe 30 - amasekhondi angu-40, ke liqala ukushintsha ukwakheka, njengoba kakhulu kuthinta vortex esakheka kancane kancane. Lapho Phambanisa futhi kombhala futhi vortex izingqimba amajamo kwendle okungase oyi-ibalwa, kusukela inqubo ukwakheka kwazo amaphethini ahlukahlukene.

Isibalo imizila kanye ukuphakama contrail kulawulwa isibalo futhi ilungiselelo kohlelo injini. Kulokhu, umzila umusi, hhayi kuphela sintanta emoyeni, kodwa futhi elokhu ivela, ukudala wabuka ezithakazelisayo. Iningi ngokuvamile baphawula kuhlanekezela izingqimba ngaphansi kwethonya ithiphu vortex. Zonke ungqimba ukuguqulwa ibonisa ezihlukahlukene izinqubo sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza ukuthi lihlale kwakhiwa ekufezeni indiza.

Amabhola-vortex ukugeleza

Ngezinye izikhathi pilot bephoqeleka ukuba enze ezihlukahlukene ukuhlaselwa ukuthi yenziwa nge-angela enkulu ukuthambekela degrees okukhulu kuka-20. Kulokhu, ubunjalo ukugeleza indiza ngesikhathi izifunda iyahluka kakhulu. Qala avele esifundeni izinyembezi ukuthi mhlawumbe fixed aseduze laphezu komhlabathi engenhla iphiko kanye fuselage. Bona ukuthi bakufake ingcindezi yokuthi liyancipha kakhulu, ngakho ngokushesha uqala okuhlushwa ukwanda umswakama ozungeze umhlaba wethu. Ngenxa yalesi sici somyalo ukuba bagcine indiza indiza kungenzeka ngaphandle ukusetshenziswa Izilandeli.

Imigomo nemibandela ye-ukuvela nomphumela izinyembezi-off-vortex

Uma engela kuhlasela likhulu kakhulu, emhlabeni indiza ezakhiwe ukubaluleka abalulekile halo yamafu. Lapho izindiza is flying, lokhu ifu ngizoya ngokuzenzakalela ku-umzila vortex umusi kusuka endizeni. Ngokuvamile akhiwa ekuhlaseleni eduze ngokwahlukana endaweni wamaphiko, yingakho ukubonakala vortex intambo ngokucacile waphawula. Nangu contrail, ogama izithombe zihlale othakazelisayo.

Hot phezu izithende yezikhali ezicitshwayo

Ngezinye izikhathi phakathi missile kwethulwa ihlangabezane naloluhlobo lwemacala uma kukhona ukugeleza phuca esifundeni indlela ukuhamba komoya negesi, etholakala uhlelo rocket ngamandla. I jet igesi, esukela injini rocket, libhekene izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, kodwa ngesinye isikhathi siphuthelwa othwala izindiza air eyanele ukuthi kwenzeka uma usetha amadivayisi ezinye izindlela.

Ukugeleza emoyeni kuba engalingani kakhulu lokushisa, njengoba wadalula igesi ye izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ngenxa okuyinto emoyeni ngokufaka injini, it is washintsha. Kwakheka injini yokwanda, okungukuthi ukugeleza phuca ohlelweni. Ukukhomba le nqubo, ubukele main amandla omlilo ekamelweni kusukela ukugeleza komoya is phansi kunyakaza longitudinal, sadlula indlela injini, bese waphawula ejection elangabini lezi zinto. Ngakho kukhona umzila umusi ovela rocket.

Izici contrail kuhlolo

Ngokuvamile oluqalisa missile ukuhlolwa kwenziwe ukuqaliswa umqondo. Ukukhethwa iyona on-ebhodini imishini, esetshenziselwa ukuqopha nokugcina yokunika ulwazi. indiza photographer ngokuvamile akhishwe kanye yenethiwekhi, inqubo ukuqopha Kwenziwa, okuyinto eyenza ukuba silungise noma yikuphi mkhuba ikhamela. "Buk" Ngokuvamile ungathola umzila umusi ovela rocket.

Ngokuvamile rocket kwethulwa kwenziwe ngejubane iphansana ukuze uthwebule kangcono yonke inqubo. Kuvame kwakhiwa injini yokwanda, kusukela ashisayo igesi Jets faka motor rocket ukuthi ikhubaza itheku layo. Ngokushesha waphawula ekushayweni ilangabi, okuyinto ejwayelekile uma kwenzeka agubhayo. Ngakho-ke uzwakalise contrail FSX.

Ngenxa yalesi senzakalo, injini sithule. emva ucwaningo Lezi zici wasiza ukwakha eziningi izinhlelo ezahlukene, ogama msebenzi uphethwe ngesikhathi esifanele yokwanda, zezinyathelo ezithathwe ukuqeda ke, kanye injini okuhunyushiwe lusebenze maqondana nesondlo njalo esimweni saso elikhulu. Imicibisholo Kulokhu yelula kwenkululeko isicelo, lapho ngamunye injini ukusebenza imodi idatha izindiza ezikwazi ukubonisa isimo esitebeleni kunazo.

Kwaqubuka ilangabi emoyeni

Were ihlolwe izindiza «Mig-29", okuyinto refueling. Lapho omunye izindiza ketshezi fuel ejection umiselwe emkhathini, okuyinto kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe depressurization komsele nophethiloli. Ngosizo umthwebuli izindiza itholiwe kulesi simo esingavamile. Kulokhu ingxenye ethile uphethiloli hit injini, okuyinto cishe ngokushesha alethwe stop wakhe ngenxa kuwukukhuphuka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho ejection elithungela kwenzeka njalo lapho injini ukwanda iphutha ukuthungela kukaphethiloli, okuyinto badabula ndima emoyeni. Ngemva kwalokho, nophethiloli elangabini bese nokwangiwa lonke lashiywa ngaphandle isakhiwo kwangaphakathi, kodwa ngokuphazima kweso acekela Ukuhamba ezayo. Ngenxa lesi simo, kubonakaliswa mkhuba ongavamile, okuthiwa a Fireball. Lokhu umzila umusi "Buk" futhi bakwazi ukudlulisela.

Bright trace afterburner

Modern fighter aircraft une-injini okuyinto ifakwe Imibhobho esemzimbeni adjustable ihlukaniswa njengoba leSupersonic. Uma ixhunywe Boost imodi wokusebenza, ingcindezi at the ophumayo umlomo wombhobho itsatfwa ephakeme ukwedlula sibalo ngesikhathi lomoya ozungezile uquqaba. Uma sihlaziya isikhala at amabanga amade uma liya kusukela umlomo wombhobho, ingcindezi kancane kancane equalized. Lesi sici sokuhlakanipha indiza lapho ukunyakaza igesi kuholela ukukhiqizwa okhushuliwe eholela ukuthi ezivezwa elikhanyayo contrail indiza kokuvela lapho izindiza ezihambayo.