UMykola Lysenko, umqambi Ukraine: Biography, lokusungula

UMykola Lysenko, ogama biography kuchazwa kulesi sihloko - umqambi Ukrainian futhi umqhubi, wopiyano futhi isibalo somphakathi, uthisha abanamakhono. Zempilo lokuqoqa Folk songs. Akwenzele okuningi ngokuphila ezenhlalo nezamasiko Ukraine.

umndeni

Lysenko Nikolay Vitalevich - avela Cossack lwemindeni ngendlela yakudala. Uyise, Vitaly Romanovich, kwaba ibutho Colonel cuirassier. Umama, u-Olga Eremeevna okusuka kulendawo Lutsenko.

ebuntwaneni

Kusukela ebuntwaneni zakuqala imfundo yamabanga aphansi Nicholas, owazalelwa e-1842, umama Wakhe yena, kanye imbongi Fet. Wafundisa French uNicholas, umdanso kanye imikhuba emihle. Futhi Fet wafundisa Russian. Lapho Nicholas iminyaka 5 ubudala, u-Olga Eremeevna wathola indodana yakhe ajabulele umculo. Ukuze nokuthuthukisa amathalente emenywa ukuba uthisha umculo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka ebuntwaneni, uNicholas asithandayo izinkondlo. Uthanda Ukrainian Folk songs bagxilisa kuye omkhulu-babazali bakho.

kumiswa

Ngemva isikole ekhaya wayephezu, uNicholas waqala ukulungiselela yokwamukelwa esikoleni. Okokuqala wafunda e Weyl ehostela, bese Geduena. UMykola Lysenko wangena 2nd laseKharkov esikoleni ngo-1855 wathola iziqu ngayo honours ngo-1859

Khona-ke wangena University laseKharkov. On the yemvelo isayensi ubuhlakani. Ngemva konyaka, abazali wayohlala e Kiev, futhi Nicholas waya Kiev basenyuvesi, Physics and Mathematics Faculty eMnyangweni ISayensi Yemvelo. Wathweswa iziqu University e-1864 futhi kamuva ngonyaka waba ozobhapathizwa yesayensi.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ngo-1867, uNikolai V nezifundo zakhe e-Leipzig Conservatory owawungumnyaka engcono wonke kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Piano wafundisa K. uReynard E. Wenzel futhi I. Moscheles, ukwakheka - E. Richter, ithiyori - Paperitts. Ngaphezu kwalokho UNikolai Lysenko ngcono okhestra Symphonic e Petersburg Conservatory Rimsky-Korsakov.

Ukuqala ngendlela yokudala

Lapho efunda esikoleni esiphakeme wathatha izifundo umculo yangasese. Futhi kancane kancane waba wopiyano odumile. Ubizwa ngokuvamile ababemenyelwe amabhola kanye soirees, lapho kwenziwa imisebenzi by Mozart, Chopin, Beethoven. Dance amaculo wadlala futhi ngokurhaba ne imiculo Ukraine.

Lapho Nicholas wafunda e-University of Kiev, wayefuna ukuba bathole ulwazi okuningi ngomculo. Ngakho-ke, uzifunde ngokucophelela opera enjalo bomculo abadumile njengo Glinka, Wagner, njll Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uNikolai waqala ukuqongelela nokuvumelanisa Ukraine Folk songs.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo uMykola Lysenko ihlelwe umfundi abahlabeleli, ukuholwa owazenza ngabo emphakathini. Ngesikhathi ngisafunda ngesikhathi Leipzig Conservatory, waqaphela ukuthi ibaluleke kakhulu ukwakha, ukuqoqa nokuthuthukisa Ukraine folk, kunokuba yokukopisha zabuna angaphandle.

umsebenzi wakhe

Kusukela 1878, uNicholas baba umfundisi upiyano, ukusebenza e-Institute for Noble emaNtombazaneni. Ngo-1890-yalolucwaningo. intsha babeqeqeshwa ezikoleni umculo Tutkovsky futhi Blumenfeld. Ngo-1904, uNikolai V eyasungulwa e Kiev, esikoleni sakhe (1913 -. Lysenko). Kwakuwusuku isikhungo sokuqala esinikeza imfundo ephakeme ngesikhathi somculo.

Ukwakha isikole wasebenzisa abangane wanikela imali senzelwe ukuthengwa Cottages izinhlelo nemisebenzi yakhe. Yezefundo kwaba njalo ngaphansi eduze control amaphoyisa. Ngo-1907, uNikolai V lalibuye eboshwa, kodwa kokukhululwa ejele ngakusasa.

Kusukela ngo-1908 kuya kowe-1912. yena usihlalo ibhodi "club-Ukraine." Lo mphakathi kwaholela imisebenzi zemfundo. Hlela umculo nemicimbi etemibhalo kanye nezifundo intuthuko professional othisha. Ngo-1911, uNikolai V wayeyinhloko wekomidi ezazisekela ukufakwa lesikhumbuzo of Taras Shevchenko. Lysenko kamuva elicwengisiswe umculo ngokuba Awe-Operetta "Natalka Poltavka".

Lysenko lokusungula

Lysenko umsebenzi ekuqaleni lalotshwa 1868, lapho afundela khona ngaleso Leipzig Conservatory. Kwaba iqoqo lezingoma Ukraine I-upiyano futhi izwi. Lo msebenzi ongowenani elikhulu zesayensi kanye ethnographic. Ngawo lowo nyaka kwaba khona umsebenzi wesibili - "Zapovit", libhalelwe ukuba esenzeka ngalo ukufa Shevchenko.

Kwabe sekulandela uchungechunge ngokuthi "Umculo ngokuba Kobzar". Lalihlanganisa izicucu kuka 80 ngamunye. izinhlobo zabo zazihlukile. Yonke imisebenzi eshicilelwe uchungechunge eziyisikhombisa. Igcine ukushicilelwa ngo-1901

UMykola Lysenko kwaba njalo maphakathi empilweni yamasiko Kiev. Ukuba kobuholi Russian Musical Umphakathi yena, wathatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo amakhonsathi eziningi, eyayiqhutshwa lonke elase-Ukraine.

Yena eyingoduso emibuthanweni zomculo. Futhi ngisho imvume nesigaba kudlala, lwenziwa Ukraine. Ngo-1872, uNikolai V wabhala operettas ezimbili: "UKhisimusi Ebusuku" futhi "Chernomorets". Bona kamuva waba isisekelo Ukraine art kazwelonke, kuze kube phakade wangena repertoire ezigcawugcawu.

Ngo-1873 Lysenko eshicilelwe umsebenzi wokuqala musicological mayelana temdzabu Ukraine. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uNikolai V wabhala upiyano izicucu Symphonic fantasy.

Petersburg, yena kanye V Paskhalov ahlelwe amakhonsathi choral. Uhlelo yabo yayihlanganisa imisebenzi by Lysenko, kanye iculo isiRashiya, isi-Ukrainian, Serbian Polish. Kwaba Petersburg, wabhala iziphakamiso zakhe Rhapsody lokuqala Ukrainian kwi isihloko 1st futhi polonaises 2nd, Sonatas for upiyano.

Emuva ngo-1876 e Kiev, Lysenko wenza Ukugcizelelwa kokwenza umsebenzi. Wahlela amakhonsathi, ababedlala upiyano, ukudala abahlabeleli entsha. Imali abayizuza esehlakalweni awunika izidingo zomphakathi. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi ukuthi wabhala eminingi yemisebenzi yakhe ngobukhulu yena.

Kodwa ngo-1880, uNikolai V waqala ukusebenza kwenye engcono opera "Taras Bulba". Kwabe sekufika izingcezu abaningi umculo. Kufanele futhi usho ngcono umculo Awe-Operetta "Natalka Poltavka" e 1889. Lo msebenzi uye ngokuphindaphindiwe sezithotshiselwe phansi zokwelapha eziningi. Kodwa kuphela kumagama Lysenko kwaba kwezobuciko ephelele.

Nikolay V wadala endaweni ehlukile - opera zezingane. Kusukela 1892 kuya 1902. wahlela ukuba choir uhambo e-Ukraine. Ngo-1904 Lysenko ivule isikole idrama, okuyinto iminyaka eminingi isibe isikhungo kubalulekile spetsobrazovaniya Ukraine.

Ngo-1905 yena kanye A. Kosice Umphakathi Choir "Boyan" yasungulwa. Olwenziwe khona Abadali. Kodwa ngokushesha "Boyan" abanye baquleka ngenxa izimo zezombusazwe kanye nokuntuleka base impahla. Umphakathi sekuneminyaka kuphela ngonyaka.

Esekhulile Lysenko wabhala umsebenzi "Aeneid." Opera waphakamisela wagxeka oda autocratic futhi waba kuphela isibonelo ukubhinqa ngesi-Ukraine yaseshashalazini zomculo.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, u-Nicholas wahlanganyela lokusungula hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi emisebenzini yomphakathi. Yena - omunye abahleli ongumlimi kuSonto-sikole. Wayezobalungisela isichazamazwi Ukraine. Wahlanganyela Kiev yokubala abantu. Wayesebenza egatsheni South-West we Russian Umphakathi Geographical.

ukuphila Siqu

Ngo-1868 Lysenko washada ne nomshana umzala wakhe wesibili, Olgoy Aleksandrovnoy O'Connor. Wayengumngane ezingaphansi kuka kuye iminyaka 8. Ayehlala endaweni yabantu umshado engu-12, kodwa ke waya ngoba they cha fanele ntwana. Isehlukaniso olusemthethweni akazange akhiphe.

umshado wesibili Lysenko kwaba zomsebenzi. Kwenye indawo okwakuvinjwe amakhonsathi e Chernigov wahlangana Lipskoy Olgoy Antonovnoy. Kamuva, waba ezivamile-law umkakhe. Sebenezingane ezinhlanu. Olga washona ngemva kokuzalwa enye ingane ngo-1900

ukufa umqambi sika

Lysenko Nikolay, umqambi, wafa eziyisithupha ngo-November 1912 we kungazelelwe senhliziyo. Ngo okuvalelisa naye, kwafika izinkulungwane zivela zonke izifunda Ukraine. I Umngcwabo owawusedolobheni uVladimir Cathedral. kwafika ngoma ngaphambi odwendweni lomngcwabo. Lalinama abantu 1,200, futhi ngokuhlabelela kwawo ngamaphimbo kwakuzwakala ngisho eKiev. Lysenko wangcwatshwa Kiev Baikove emathuneni.