Umsebenzi ukuhlolwa Isibindi: okulotshiweyo ukuhlaziywa. Jwayelekile kokusebenza kwesibindi izinkomba

Isibindi - ingenye kwezitho zomzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinto ngosizo yokuhlukanisa ubuthi, izinsalela izidakamizwa. Nsuku zonke it echayeke ukucindezeleka ezinkulukazi, kodwa, nokho, abuyiselwe ngokushesha. Ngeshwa, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela iphuzu elithile. Ukuze ubone ukuthi isibindi umsebenzi amakhono ukusiza umsebenzi sesibindi ukuhlolwa. Sokuqonda ukuhlaziya kuzosiza ukuthi iyini ngempela inkinga zomzimba.

umsebenzi ukuhlolwa Isibindi - okungukuthi

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona isimo Amapayipi isibindi Bile, kwezokwelapha zanamuhla isebenzisa izifundo laboratory, bebonke okukhulunywe umsebenzi ukuhlolwa isibindi. Material isifundo lalungiselela emithambo yegazi igazi izibonelo zalokho, futhi ulisebenzise ukwenza ukuhlaziywa ezilandelayo:

• AST, ALT;
• bilirubin;
• phosphatase ane-alikhali;
• amaprotheni Imininingwane;
• ukuhlolwa thymol;
• -albumin.

Lezi ukuhlolwa laboratory ukusiza ukuhlola ukwephula ekhona, kanye nekhono kwesibindi yokulondoloza omunye imisebenzi yalo ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuhlanganiswa kwezici enzyme nezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kube nokuphila okuvamile.

umsebenzi ukuhlolwa Isibindi - ALT, AST

enzyme Endogenous AST no-ALT kukhona izakhi ebalulekile emsebenzini wokukhiqiza ezinye amino acid. Norma AST no-ALT ihlukile kuye ngobulili nobudala isiguli, kanye isisindo somzimba wakhe, izinga lokushisa kanye nendlela yokuphila. Encwadini umzimba uphilile, inombolo yabo azinakwa, futhi amadoda kancane ngaphezu kwabesifazane.

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

Lokhu enzyme ibizwa equkethwe ngokuvamile emisipheni isibindi, futhi ngokwengxenye enhliziyweni nemisipha. owesifazane ovamile kuyinto 10-35 U / l, futhi abesilisa - kusuka 14 kuya ku-20 U / L. Ukwandisa amagugu evamile kungase kubonise ukulimala kwezitho lapho equkethwe. Kuye ngokuthi lakhiwe kanjani, zenza inkambiso kuthiwa lidlule (futhi lesi sibalo zingahluka kusuka ambalwa anda emihlanu - kayishumi), ukunquma izinga lomonakalo. Ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi kuyinqubo sokugembula kuthinta isibindi, futhi ephelele isibindi umsebenzi ukuhlolwa. Ukulotshwa ukuhlaziywa kuqinisekisa noma refutes le izinsolo nge awokuthi.

aminotransferase Alanine (ALT)

Isibindi enzyme, AST kanye nokunye okufana nalokho iqhaza kule umzimba futhi ikakhulukazi nama-amino acid. Njengoba AST, okungcono ekhona amaseli isibindi, futhi inhliziyo kwemisipha izicubu. Okuqukethwe kwalo e abesifazane ngokuvamile kuhluka 10 kuya ku-30 U / L. In amadoda, isilinganiso singamaphesenti 10-40 U / L. Iphinde kuwuphawu umonakalo izicubu ezingadingekile, equkethe alanine. Uma izinga AST no-ALT anda ke lokhu kungase kubonise khona izifo ezifana ne-hepatitis viral, acute ubuthi ongumlutha wotshwala noma ukudla, isifo sokusha kwesibindi, khona ezidala.

bilirubin

Kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu bilirubin - umugqa (ixhunyiwe), engaqondile (olukhululekile) kanye jikelele, lona wamuva alikho ngokwalo, kodwa sebuningini uhlobo lokuqala nelesibili. Leli impahla esikhunjeni is ngenxa ukubola heme, nakho kuyingxenye elithwala umoya-mpilo. Inqubo yenzeka amaseli isibindi. Ephambi kwezinduna inqubo sokugembula e hepatocytes noma Bile imbobo ushintsho bilirubin serum.

bilirubin Ubude ziyahlukahluka the uhla kusuka 3.3 Mol / l 20,5, ngolayini mayelana 25% we isamba, isb kuze kufinyelele 3.3 Mol / l, futhi engaqondile - 75% (13,6-17 , 1 mmol / l). Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kunyuke umsebenzi ukuhlolwa isibindi kungenzeka umsolwa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene ukuvuvukala kule isibindi gallbladder. ukwanda yesilinganiso e bilirubin jaundice livela.

phosphatase ane-alikhali

Enye Bile enzyme Amapayipi ezidingekile ukusebenza evamile umzimba, - a phosphatase ane-alikhali. Kufeza indima ebalulekile i-calcium ne phosphorus umzimba, ethinta ngokuqondile isimo kwezicubu amathambo. Nokho, izinto eziningi ane-alikhali phosphatase ekhona izicubu isibindi futhi le mucosa emathunjini, nezindlala mammary. ukufundwa Jwayelekile incike yobudala lesiguli. Esikhathini kuze abangontanga iminyaka engu-30 amagugu ejwayelekile phosphatase ane-alikhali up 32-92 IU / L nangaphezulu - kusuka 39 kuya 117 IU / L. Uzothini ukuhlolwa igazi? Isibindi umsebenzi ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuthi asikho ukunciphisa lokhu Inkomba kanye nokwanda layo lizisho iziyaluyalu umzimba, ikakhulu - ukuhlukumeza phosphorus ezokuthutha. Lokhu kungaba ephula outflow ka Bile ku Amapayipi Bile (cholestasis), isibindi sibe sesomile, izifo yisinanakazana, acute ubuthi oludakayo.

isampula thymol

Thymol test - lena nolunye uvivinyo, ingxenye umsebenzi ukuhlolwa isibindi. Ukulotshwa ukuhlaziywa kulokhu kubonisa ikhono kwesibindi synthesize yezingxenye amaprotheni kwegazi. Thymol test libhekisela inzika. Ngilifeze ukuze ingxube serum futhi sesikhashana isixazululo ingezwe isixazululo ayegcwele thymol nangemva isigamu sehora ukuhlola kobukhulu isixazululo iba esinamafu. Amanani Jwayelekile izibonakaliso zazisuka 0 kumayunithi 5. Ukukhulisa kwenzeka in iziyaluyalu wamaprotheni zamagama futhi ayikwazanga-signal-hepatitis viral, isibindi sibe sesomile futhi kwezinye izifo ezicutshini. Ngilusizo kuka ukuhlolwa igazi? Isibindi umsebenzi ukuhlolwa, futhi thymol ngokukhethekile, ukuvumela kusaqalwa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ye isifo futhi ukunquma ukuqala ukwelashwa ezanele.

albumin

Omunye amaprotheni ezinkulu plasma - albumin kuyinto. Kuyinto ingxenye ehola ekulondolozeni ingcindezi oncotic ka igazi futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuthinte ivolumu afundwa igazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, albumin udlala indima ebalulekile ukusebenza kwezithuthi ngu sesibopho ukuthobisa acid Bile, bilirubin, i-calcium ion futhi izinto zokwelapha. Izinga ejwayelekile albumin luphakathi 35 - 50 g / l. Ukwanda ukusebenza siyenzeka in iziguli amanzi emzimbeni ezinzima, kwehle - kuba isizathu sokusola izinqubo ukuvuvukala kule isibindi, sepsis, izinqubo rheumatism. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehla albumin serum kungenzeka ngokuzila ukudla isikhathi eside, ukusetshenziswa zokuvimbela inzalo temlomo, ama, ukubhema.

amaprotheni obuphelele

Igama elithi "amaprotheni Imininingwane" uyiswa kusho emakamu ingqikithi albumin globulin egazini serum. Lena ingxenye oyinhloko wamaprotheni abalulekile ekudleni umzimba emzimbeni womuntu. It wenza ezihlukahlukene nemisebenzi: igcina njalo -PH wegazi ehilelekile izinqubo ekunqandeni, ukusabela komzimba, ukudluliswa fat, amahomoni bilirubin ku kwezitho nezicubu. Kungani udokotela kusikisela iziguli ukuthi zihlolelwe kokusebenza kwesibindi ukuhlolwa? Incazelo (kuyinsakavukela lokhu Inkomba kufanele isukela 64 kuya 86 g / L) ngeke onekhono ukuqonda, ukuthi zinjalo yini lezi imisebenzi kuthinteka. Ngakho, ukwanda amaprotheni kungabonakala nasemkhakheni Izifo ukuvuvukala futhi ezithathelwanayo oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki, kanye ukusha ebanzi. Ukuncipha bungase bubangelwe ukopha, izifo kwezinso ukuthi ahambisana ukulahlekelwa lobuKhristu amaprotheni (glomerulonephritis), inqubo umdlavuza.

umsebenzi ukuhlolwa Isibindi, ukuhlaziya okulotshiweyo okuyinto kubaluleke kakhulu e sitholakele izimo eziningi zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo sesibindi kanye nezinye izitho kufanele ekuseni ngokuzila ukudla (esidlweni sokugcina kumele azenziwanga esingaphansi 8 amahora ngaphambi test). Ngobusuku obandulela isidingo ngakususi utshwala okunamafutha ukudla.