I-phosphatase alkaline - i-enzyme ebalulekile yomzimba womuntu

Kuze kube manje, ekuxilongweni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezifo eziningi, izindlela zokuhlola ze-laboratory ziyasetshenziswa. Kulesi simo, kwenziwa i-blood biochemical test test.

I-alkaline phosphatase: isici esijwayelekile se-enzyme

I-alkaline phosphatase ingenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile. Le nhlanganisela iyi-enzyme ekhombisa umsebenzi we-phosphatase. Kukhona cishe wonke amaseli omzimba womuntu. Umsebenzi wayo ophezulu ubonakala endaweni yemvelo futhi uhlotshaniswa nama-cell membranes. Ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu kwalesi sakhi kubhalwe kuma-osteoblasts ( amangqamuzana amathambo), emangqamuzaneni e-fover kanye nase-tubules yezinso, emanzini emathumbu emathunjini, kanye nase-placenta. I-phosphatase alkaline, equkethe i-serum, ivame ukuvela emathanjeni amathambo noma i-hepatocytes. Umsebenzi wayo ophezulu ukhonjelwa ikakhulukazi ezifweni zesibindi, ezenzeka ngokuvinjelwa kwamadaysi ama-bile, kanye nama-bone lesions, okuhambisana nokulungiswa kwamathambo.

Izinga le-alkali phosphatase liphakeme. Kungani?

Kunezimo eziningi ze-pathological lapho i-alkaline phosphatase ikhula khona. Indlela evamile yalesi sibonakaliso incike eminyakeni yobudala nobulili, ngakho-ke lokhu kucatshangelwa lapho kuhunyushwa ukuhlola igazi kwegazi.

Phakathi kwezici ezisekelwe etiological ezingathinta izinga le-enzyme, kuhlanganise ne-alkaline phosphatase, okulandelayo kufanele kukhonjiswe:

• ukukhulelwa;

• isikhathi emva kokuya esikhathini sokuya esikhathini;

• Ukudla okungenele kwe-calcium ne-phosphate ekudleni;

• ngokweqile i-ascorbic acid emzimbeni;

• ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali athile wezokwelapha (isibonelo, izithintelo zokubeletha eziqukethe i-estrogen ne-progesterone, kanye nemithi elwa namagciwane).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-alkaline phosphatase ingakhula kulezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• Hyperparathyroidism;

• Ukutholakala kwezicubu zezinso noma zamaphaphu;

• I-Myeloma;

• i-mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo;

• ukulimala amathambo, kuhlanganise nemvelo yomdlavuza;

• i-lymphogranulomatosis, eyenzeka ngokubhujiswa kwamathambo;

• ama-rickets;

• Isilonda esibulalayo sepheshana le-biliary;

• ukuvuvukala kwesimo esithathelwanayo noma isifo se-isibindi sesibindi, isilonda saso esinamahloni.

I-Etiology ye-alkaline phosphatase ukunciphisa

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-pathologies lapho, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-alkaline phosphatase iyancipha. Ngakho-ke, izinga le-enzyme liphansi kunejwayelekile evamile ye-hypothyroidism. Ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kwamathambo, ukuntuleka kwe-zinc kanye ne-magnesium, kanye ne-anemia yizinto ezibalulekile ezithinta inani le-alkaline phosphatase e-serum yegazi. Ukuthatha imithi ethile futhi kuguqula imiphumela yezivivinyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwesikhumba, okuvela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-ascorbic acid, kuholela ekunciphiseni kule enzyme.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa i-alkaline phosphatase ingakhula ngenxa yokwanda kwenombolo ye-isoenzyme ephahleni. Lokhu kufana nesikhathi sokugcina sokukhulelwa futhi kuhlotshaniswa nentuthuko enkulu ye-placenta. Leli phethini alikho inani lokuxilonga, ngakho alisetshenziswanga ukuhlola isimo somama noma isisu. Ezimweni uma owesifazane etholakala engenakho ukutholakala ngokweqile, ukuhlushwa kwalesi sakhi se-enzyme kuncishisiwe.

Izici zenguquko ezingeni le-alkaline phosphatase

I-phosphatase alkaline ivela ngendlela yama-isoenzymes amaningana. Izinga lokukhushulwa kwalezi zihlanganisi ezihlanganisiwe nomsebenzi we-osteoblastic (ngenqubo yokwenza amathambo), ngakho-ke izinga eliphezulu le-isoenzyme yethambo libhekwa nesifo sikaPaget. Uma isiguli senza i-pathologies ngemisebenzi ye-osteolytic (isb., I- myeloma), i- alkaline phosphatase iyanda, kodwa ingenasici.

Njengoba izilonda zesimiso se- hepatobiliary , i-isoenzyme ye-hepatic iyanda. Ekusebenzeni komtholampilo, isetshenziselwa ukumaka we-cholestasis. Kulesi simo, ukulimala okuqondile kumangqamuzana wesibindi kungase kwenzeke ngaphandle kwesizinda samazinga ajwayelekile noma ngisho namazinga aphansi e-alkaline phosphatase. Leli phethini liyinto evamile, njengomthetho, eningi lamacala omtholampilo, nakuba kungase kungabonwa kwesiguli esithile, ngisho noma isibindi noma ipheshana lesibhilidi lithintekile.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-alkaline phosphatase yengane yanda - isenzakalo somzimba, esihlotshaniswa nokukhula okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, izinga le-enzyme ebuntwaneni lingafinyelela ezingeni elidlula umkhuba omuntu omdala ngesici se-1.5-2 (kusuka ku-82 kuya ku-341 U / l).

Okucacile kwe-alkaline phosphatase

Kuze kube manje, izimo ezifanele zokuhlaziywa kokunqunywa kwe-alkaline phosphatase zihlukile, ngoba i-laboratory ngayinye inezindinganiso zayo. Kunezindlela eziningi zokucwaninga ezixhomeke ku-substrate ye-enzyme kanye nesistimu ye-buffer, kanye nokushisa lapho kuthathwa khona amasampuli. Ayikho imingcele efanayo yombonakaliso "i-alkaline phosphatase", ngakho ungaqhathanisi namagugu ale enzyme, atholakala kuma-laboratories ahlukene. Ikakhulukazi iphathelene namacala uma kungaziwa ukuthi yiziphi izindinganiso lezi laboratories ezisungulayo.

I-Serum isetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa. Ezimweni eziningi, thatha isendlalelo esiphezulu, esakhiwe ku-tube separator. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izinga le-alkaline phosphatase lingase likhule ngokungalungile, uma isampula yegazi ivunwa emlenzeni ongaphezulu kwamasekhondi angaba ngu-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi wale-enzyme ungahluka kancane uma amasampuli egazi egcinwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Kulesi simo, i-hemolysis e-tube yokuhlola ayithinti imiphumela yokuhlaziywa.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma nginezinga lezinkinga ze-alkaline phosphatase?

Uma i- alkaline phosphatase ikhuphuka, ukwelashwa kufanele kube yi-etiologic. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhona izifo zesibindi noma i-bile ducts, kufanelekile ukubonisana ne-gastroenterologist. I-Cholestasis, ukutholakala kwe-pancreatitis, isifo sofuba esiphuza ngokweqile noma isibindi sesibindi sidinga ukulungiswa kwezidakamizwa ezifanele, umthamo owodwa owenziwe udokotela kuphela. Ukuzivocavoca kule nkinga kungaholela ekukhusweni kwesifo esiyisisekelo.

Ukushintsha kokulondeka kwe-enzyme, kufaka phakathi i-alkaline phosphatase, kungabonwa ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, umdlavuza we-pathologies kanye nokulimala okukhulu kwezinso, kanye nesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukubonisana nomuntu we-cardiologist, nephrologist noma i-endocrinologist. Udokotela uzokhipha izinqubo zokwelapha kuye ngokuthi isithombe somtholampilo.

Ngokuqedwa kwezici ze-etiological, umsebenzi we-alkaline phosphatase ubuyela ekujwayelekile. Uma ukhipha ukwelapha, kufanele ucatshangelwe ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, ukunyuka komzimba kwalolu lwazi kungenzeka nge-fractures, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwesistimu ye-osseous, lapho ingane izalwa khona. Akudingi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Ukuchazwa kwemiphumela yokuhlola i-laboratory kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela ephelele, kucatshangelwa ezinye izinkomba zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezikhalazo zesiguli.