Umlando ingilazi tumbler. Ubani owasungula futhi lapho?

Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu nzima ukuthola okungenani owodwa ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, elalingakaze igcinwe ikhabethe yabo ekhishini ambalwa, noma nakakhulu, usike izibuko. Lokhu Ware lento ingenye izimpawu wangaleyo nkathi ezikude. Okwamanje, iningi ungayisebenzisi, kodwa ungawulahli liphuma esandleni. Umlando ingilazi tumbler, ngokunengqondo, ubani owavela lapho - konke lokhu kwaziswa ehlanganiswa imfihlakalo nama-legends. Le ndatshana izozama ukuhlunga ukuyikhipha yonke.

Izinganekwane ngemvelaphi ingilazi faceted

Abaningi izinto nezinto nenkathi yamaSoviet eziningi zinganekwane mayelana nemvelaphi yawo. Yehlelwa liyingxenye kanye owaziwa ingilazi faceted. Umlando kokudaliweyo zimbozwe yakhe ngazo ezinganekwaneni eziningi. Nazi ezinye zazo abahamba emhlabeni ukubukeka kwayo.

1. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi igama Vera Mukhina omkhulukazi. Lona master owaklama ebaziwe "Isisebenzi sabaqashi Ipulazi Girl". Ngakho, ngokuvumelana enye inganekwane, kwaba yena - indoda owasungula ingilazi faceted. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu wasiza umyeni wakhe othandekayo, owakhandleka kakhulu kusihlwa eside ukujabulele isiphuzo noma isiphuzo ezimbili oludakayo.
2. Abaningi bayayithanda kuya enguqulweni lapho isandla sakhe ingilazi tumbler okusungulile enamathiselwe unjiniyela Soviet Nikolay Slavyanov. Wayengumuntu yinkakha izimayini ke waba uprofesa komhlaba. Esikhathini indilinga labangane bakhe nabantu ayebajwayele, ubizwa ngenxa yezinto emkhakheni zokushisela arc eyaziwa futhi uphawu of Castings ugesi. It is yokufaneleka kwalo kuthiwa kubangelwa lizinga lelisetulu ukuthuthukiswa imboni Metallurgical eSoviet vremya.Pervonachalno Slavyanov ahlinzekwa ukwenza ingilazi, zensimbi, futhi ongakhetha equkethwe imidwebo lwezihloko 10, 20 no-30 izinhlangothi. Kuyinto kuphela ke Mukhina ahlinzekwa ukukhiqiza ingilazi ifomu ingilazi.
3. Enye legend uchaza kuphi faceted ingilazi. Umlando kokudaliweyo ahlobene yayo ngesikhathi uPeter Omkhulu. Omunye master uVladimir glassmaking, Yefim Smolin, okwethulwa isipho enkosini ingilazi iziqinisekiso ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba aphule. Peter baphuza khona iwayini ke baliphonsa phansi, sisho amazwi: ". Abe ingilazi" Kodwa, ngeshwa, ingilazi waphula. Nokho, lo mbusi akazange abonise intukuthelo yakhe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kwaba khona isiko ukushaya izitsha emkhosini.

Inkinga ikuphi-ingabe elithi "ingilazi"

Akukhona nje umlando ingilazi tumbler ngempela engacacile eziphikisanayo, kodwa futhi igama into has a imibono embalwa mayelana nemvelaphi yawo.

Kusukela idatha zomlando it is ukuthi ngekhulu le-17 kwaba izitsha, zazo ezazenziwe lapped amapuleti elincane, izindandatho exhunywe eyaziwa, futhi wabizwa ngokuthi "dostakany". Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ngaleli zwi kwafika izibuko igama cut.

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, izwi livela Turkic, bebelokhu begqunywe ukusetshenziswa amazwi anjengokuthi "dastarkhan" okusho etafuleni iholide, futhi "tustygan" ngalolo limi - endishini. Kusukela Inhlanganisela yalawo magama amabili, kwaba khona ingilazi isihloko, ezabe seziqala ukuvusa isetshenziswe.

I ingilazi lokuqala Soviet

Umlando ingilazi faceted eRussia iqala ngo-1943, lapho iphuma out wefektri ingilazi uGus-Crystal izibuko of ummeleli wokuqala yempi. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ifomu okunjalo akukhona nje umculi fantasy, kodwa ngempela.

It kuvela ukuthi Ngisho nangalezo zinsuku kwakukhona Umshini wokuwasha izitsha yokuqala ongenza umsebenzi wabo kuphela uma egxilile izitsha zabo umumo ethile kanye nosayizi. Ngakho kwadingeka ukukhiqiza ingilazi ngobuso kunokuba izindonga isiyingi.

Ukuvela a "owesinye isizwe" ngomqondo Russian

Ngokusho ukwaziswa omlando, ngo-1943 emgqeni ukukhiqizwa wefektri ingilazi uGus-Crystal alizanga omele lokuqala izibuko cut futhi olusha ubudala. Umlando cut ingilazi (16 sobuso) uthi kwalokho wabonakala Adalberto isikhathi eside.

Thina necebo lokhu izinto into hhayi e-USSR, kodwa futhi Russia ekhulwini le-17. Ubufakazi lokhu kukhona ziphephile eqoqweni Hermitage.

Qinisekisa endulo ngemvelaphi izibuko kanye isizathu esikhethekile sokuba kukhulunywe emfundisweni lempi, esanyatheliswa nguPawulu mina ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Nakuba le nkosi ukuthi uzama ukuguqula ibutho, okuyinto kwakusala kude isexwayiso ngokugcwele futhi yayala ingilazi faceted ukuze kukhawulwe umthamo wansuku zonke iwayini, okuyinto wathembela amasosha ebuthweni.

Kukholakala ukuthi umlando ingilazi tumbler lihlotshaniswa hhayi eRussia. ubufakazi Excellent - lena isithombe Diego Velaskasa ngokuthi "Ukudla kwasekuseni."

On the table kungabhekwa njengokuvikela ingilazi faceted, ubuso kuphela mpo futhi kancane arched. Uma ubheka isikhathi sokuloba, imidwebo, futhi kwakunjalo eminyakeni 1617-1618, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ingilazi faceted, umlando wayo ongakaphathelani eRussia nakwamanye amazwe.

Leli qiniso kuqinisekiswa yokuthi izibuko yokukhiqiza indlela eyasetshenziswa e-USSR, yasungulwa kuphela 1820 - ngokucindezela indlela. ukukhiqizwa Kuqalwe nokusetshenziswa lobu buchwepheshe kwaba kakade phakathi nekhulu le-19, kanti eRussia Kwathi kuphela ekhulwini lama-20.

Iyini imfihlo ephezulu amandla ingilazi?

izibuko Soviet obukhulu ayigcini nje ngokuba ukuma ukhululekile futhi azisheleli esandleni sakho, kodwa base bengahlulile kakhulu. Lokhu kwenziwa ehloniphekile odongeni ukujiya, kanye ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa womshini faceted ingilazi inkomishi ukwenziwa ezingeni lokushisa ngaphakathi omkhulu 1400-1600 degrees ke inqubo labadubuli owenziwa faceting nobuchwepheshe ekhethekile. Kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho Ukwakheka okwesikhathi womshini ukwandisa amandla wanezela phambili okuyinto ngokuvamile elisetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa cut ingilazi.

Ukukhiqizwa cut izibuko

Ngesikhathi imboni ingilazi waqala ukukhiqiza izibuko letingemasayizi lahlukene kanye lanetinombolo letehlukene ubuso. Umqulu ungase ziyahlukahluka kusuka 50 kuya 250 ml, futhi ubuso kwaba kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya 14.

Umlando classical wathi faceted ingilazi umkhiqizo kanye 250 ml kokuba 10-facets. Nge kungaba ukukala ngokunembile isilinganiso esifanele imikhiqizo ezomile futhi uketshezi.

Ngo-80-yalolucwaningo engilazini izimboni zaqala esikhundleni imishini amazwe, okubangela ukulahleka izimfanelo kokujwayelekile ingilazi faceted.

Glass, okuyinto kuze kube yileso sikhathi ayevelele by ukuqina kakhulu, ukumelana kushintsha izinga lokushisa bese ewa etafuleni, waqala ukwambula ohlangothini ngalunye. Ezinye aqathaka phansi. Yini eyayibangele lokho kubhekwa ukuhlukumeza yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe.

Izici usike izibuko

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eziningi ulwazi mayelana nokuthi ubani owasungula le ingilazi faceted, umlando, ukuvela eRussia futhi eziphikisanayo, zonke izici ezifanayo akukashintshi. Futhi zihlukile neminye imikhiqizo efanayo.

• Ububanzi we eyayibaluleke ingxenye - kusuka 7.2 kuya 7.3 cm.
• I ububanzi phansi ingilazi - 5.5 cm.
• Ukuphakama umkhiqizo ingilazi kuyinto 10.5 amasentimitha.
• Isibalo ubuso kaningi 16 noma 20.
• Along unqenqema ingilazi kuyinto, ububanzi okuyinto - kusuka 1.4 kuya 2.1 cm.

Zonke izingilazi nenkathi yamaSoviet, ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi glassworks ezahlukene, anezici ezifana.

Glass tumbler inzuzo phezu neminye imikhiqizo efanayo

ISoviet Union yakuqala ingilazi faceted kwandile, sibonga izinzuzo zabo phezu nozakwabo.

1. Akukona Roll off etafuleni, isibonelo, emkhunjini ngesikhathi ngokunyakaza ewa namagagasi.
2. Ukuthandwa ukudla izikhungo ngenxa amandla ayo okusezingeni eliphezulu.
3. Lovers utshwala ekhethwe isihloko, njengoba ne kwaba lula ukwabelana ibhodlela lika ezintathu. Uma uthele uketshezi i-abarimi, ibekwe ku ingilazi nje wesithathu ibhodlela isigamu-litre.
4. Glass ihleli lapho kwehla kusuka ukuphakama ehloniphekile. Lokhu kungenxa ngamandla nje khona ubuso ukuthi unike lolu impahla ingilazi ziyaqothuka.

ukuphila Wanamuhla cut ingilazi

Uma ngezikhathi Soviet, ingilazi faceted bekulokhu umdlalo zonke ekhishini, kodwa manje ukuthola izitsha into enjalo ngakho ayilula kangako. Konke zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokuthi iningi izimboni ingilazi usedilize lo mkhiqizo.

Ngesikhathi imboni e uGus-Crystal, lapho, njengoba indaba uthi, ingilazi faceted, udedelwe ummeleli wokuqala faceted, ukukhiqiza abanye izibuko ukuthi ibonakala ngokuphelele, okuyinto akulona faceted. abameleli nenkathi yamaSoviet ekhiqizwa kuphela ngaphansi oda.

Manje ngasizathu simbe ingilazi faceted kuyinto ukubungaza izilaleli futhi edume kunazo. Ngo-2005, lowo mkhosi kwedolobha Izhevsk kwakhiwa imibhoshongo ephakeme cishe 2.5 amamitha ukuphakama cut izibuko. On ezifana isakhiwo usephendukele indebe 2024. Umqondo ayengowesifazane distillery.

Izindaba ezimnandi mayelana ingilazi faceted

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indaba e ingilazi faceted eRussia, kuba njalo hhayi kuphela esetshenziswa inhloso yazo. Inkosikazi kokudala wathola ngezinye izikhathi zokusebenza ezingalindelekile neze.

1. Ukusetshenziswa edume kunazo - inqanyulwa ngosizo izikhala for amadombolo, amadombolo. Uma kudingeka ububanzi emikhulu, khona-ke wathatha ingilazi enkulu futhi abangu-esetshenziswa, uma kunesidingo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi manje kukhona inala amathuluzi lula le nqubo, singamakhosikazi emizi eziningi ayisasetshenziswa salokhu ingilazi ubudala futhi ngamandla.
2. ingilazi faceted ku ekhishini laseSoviet insimbi enemisebenzi sokulinganisa. Ngo-editions amadala alinganiswe imikhiqizo Culinary zokupheka alikho amagremu, kanye izibuko.
3. Izimo zethu zihluke kakhulu engavamile - ukusetshenziswa cut-ingilazi njengoba dehumidifier. Wayengase avame ukubonakala nokuma ebusika phakathi glazing double. Ngo ingilazi wathela usawoti ukuthi amafasitela, hhayi kwi freezer. Manje abaningi ngokuvamile esikhundleni ozimele lokhuni olukulesi amafasitela kuhlobisa izikhwama zethu plastic, ngakho ukubeka ingilazi faceted manje.
4. Cottagers ukuzivumelanisa yena ukusebenzisa inkomishi lendze cut-ingilazi izithombo ezikhulayo. Babukeka ngaphezulu aesthetically ukujabulisa, ungashiyi udoti ngemuva, ngokungafani Peat izinkomishi.
5. Glass ingasetshenziswa ukuze ukuboniswa imihlola optical: uma uthele amanzi bese efakwa isipuni, kubonakala sengathi yena ilinyazwe kuye.

Nansi ukusetshenziswa izibuko kwakwenziwa nenkathi yamaSoviet, nakuba ezinye amasu isicelo ezisekhona namanje, futhi akekho kuleli cala akuvezi owasungula ingilazi faceted. I emakhishini yesimanje emashalofini flaunts izitsha yesimanje, okuyinto ngcono ukubheka nje uma eqhathaniswa naso ingilazi faceted, kodwa angasebenzi abaningi, uma pantries zabo siyindlala anjalo Ungasheshi ayibulale.

Amaqiniso mayelana ingilazi

Kukhona ezinye amaqiniso ukuthi ixhume nge ingilazi faceted. Nazi ezinye zazo:

1. Izindleko izitsha ezinjalo incike isibalo ubuso. Glass elinezinhlangothi 10 penny abiza 3 no-16-facets - 7 amasenti. On inani izici umqulu lalingama ezimele, wayehlale azishintshile - 250 ml.
2. Ukusabalala ukudakwa eMoldova elihlobene ne ingilazi faceted. idatha zomlando enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba wazi ukuthi ngaphambi wenkululeko yezwe esuka amaNazi yi amasosha aseSoviet baphuza izakhamuzi kancane 50 ml izinkomishi kanye Russian waletha evulekile (250 ml) zibuko zakhe ezinkulu.
3. Soviet ingilazi faceted edume ngokuthi "Malenkovskaya". Malenkov UNobhala wezokuVikela ikhiphe umyalo, owawuthi nesosha kwakubhekwa ekhishwe 200 ml likagologo. Nakuba ezinjalo umthetho akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, kodwa izinkumbulo eziningi.

Nazi ezinye amaqiniso zazo kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa ingilazi faceted.

Idili ingilazi tumbler

Sahlola ngokuningiliziwe futhi ngakhumbula lesi ingilazi faceted (umlando, ubuso eziningi kanjani), kodwa kuvela, lokhu tableware has iholide lalo.

Uthi njalo ngonyaka 11 Septhemba. Lolu suku wakhethwa hhayi ngaphandle isizathu, ngalolu suku efektri ingilazi uGus-Crystal waqala ekukhiqizweni lezi zinto izitsha. Le iholidi kubhekwa usuku olusemthethweni is hhayi, kunalokho, khona-ke iholidi kazwelonke, ngakho esixhumene nalo akusilo isiko mnandi kakhulu.

abantu Russian njalo musa khumbulani ukuthola indlela uphumule phezu ingilazi utshwala, bese, njengoba godsend, iholide, isono esingesiso ukuphuza. Nakhu ongakulindela celebration ezinjalo.

• Of cut izibuko kufanele ukuphuza kuphela vodka nezinye izinhlobo zophuzo oludakayo neze ezihlobene nale Cookware.
• Isiphuzo akufanele kube kuphela, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi inkampani, ngoba lihlotshaniswa ingilazi faceted elithi "sibalo ngoba ezintathu."
• Omunye emasikweni leli holide kuyinto ekuhlephuleni "iqhawe" ukugubha phansi.
• Ingabe benza kahle ngokukhumbula ukuthi Imi izingilazi esihle isiphuzo itiye, jelly, ujusi namanzi. Wonke umuntu uyakhumbula izinkomishi anjalo esikhathini cupholders ku zinqola zezitimela.

Singasho ukuthi phakathi imiqondo "usike nengilazi", "umlando wezwe lethu," ungalindisa setshwayo. Lezi imiqondo letimbili atehlukaniseki. Kakhulu ngingathanda ukubona salokhu okusungulile kunikezwa uMklomelo KaNobel, kodwa akazange akwenze kube imfanelo unomphela zonke emadilini.