Umlando Afghanistan ekuqaleni kuka XIX B.

Imizamo yokuqala ukuvula England ukuphazamiseka ezindabeni zangaphakathi zamazwe Afghanistan basonta ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. izenzo ezithile abangu okuhloswe ngaso England izinkinga zokwenza isimo sezombusazwe yangaphakathi e-Afghanistan Emirates, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke elihle embusweni angithi Muhammad, Ukuwohloka ubudlelwane bayo nomakhelwane balo. Ekupheleni kuka-30-yalolucwaningo of XIX leminyaka. England waqala ukulungiselela impi. Ekwindla ka-1838 uhulumeni Jikelele India D. Oakland wanika ukuze uqale impi. Fierce ukumelana abezinye izizwe wathatha i-scope ne uhlobo impi yabantu.

A indima ebalulekile ekupheleliseni uquqaba wadlala zemfundiso yenkolo Muslim, wabiza abantu jihad ngokumelene "infidels" WaseBrithani. Ngemva uchungechunge ukunqotshwa ezinkulu zempi British ngo-1842 balishiya izwe. Emlandweni Afghanistan ngalesi sikhathi kwaba inyunyana izizwe emzabalazweni nema-British kanye kokuxoshwa kwabo wadala izimfanelo ezithile zezombangazwe ukuze bahlangane esisha ezweni Afghan. Emir angithi Muhammad nendodana yakhe Sher Ali Khan (1863-1879) enwetshiwe okusemandleni abo ukuze Herat, Kandahar, kanye izindawo ngebhange kwesokunxele Amu Darya. Ukwakheka impahla yabo, kanye phakathi nokubusa Ahmad Shah Durrani, izindawo langena owakhiwe hhayi kuphela Afghan sebebonke, kodwa futhi Tajiks, Uzbeks, hazareytsamig owayehlala ezindaweni eziningana mayelana uquqaba compact, nakuba esiqinile imingcele yobuhlanga phakathi izindawo zokuhlala babo kwakukhona cishe akukho . Ngakho, i-Tajiks beniyingxenye labantu futhi ezindaweni Uzbek enyakatho ezifundeni Afghan eningizimu yezwe; e Gora futhi Zamindavare Afghan wahlala, futhi Hazaras, futhi Tajiks. Kuhlangane amaqembu ezinhlanga ezihlukahlukene, ngokungangabazeki nomthelela isivumo inkolo yamaSulumane, nakuba ezinye zazo ngokungafani kuya-Afghan sebebonke, Tajiks emathafeni futhi aimaq Abantu babengazimisele Sunnis kanye Shiites noma Ismailis. Umlando Afghanistan ekuqaleni kuka XIX VA.

Ngokuphathelene nobuhlobo yasobala, kodwa kwanhlanga ngazimisela ukungaphuthi stolkoetnicheskoy ubulungu njengezinto ezibalulekile uhlamvu setemnotfo nesendzawo. Labantu ixazululwe ka ezivundile ezolimo kanye izakhamuzi Kwakuhileleke, njengoba kuphawuliwe, uhlelo of ubudlelwano izinduna ngaphambili kakhulu; phakathi abantu abayimizulane kanye semi abayimizulane namanje yaqhubeka iba ngcono ngempela patronymic kwabantu. Nokho, likhona ayisekho ngesisekelo ejwayelekile krovnorodstven ubudlelwane NELIKAHULUMENI futhi kohlaka umphakathi endaweni, sibonakalisa mkhuba ukuguqulwa kakhudlwana futhi ezisobala zezigaba bezigodi ekuphathweni lempi.