Umjikelezo senhliziyo. Izigaba lomjikelezo inhliziyo

imisipha senhliziyo wenza imisebenzi ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, indlela abajabula ngayo ikhono lokufeza ukuyaluza nokwehla.

Ejabule baqiniseka wonke amaseli esivimba amanzi. Kodwa ucele entengo umzimba isigqi kwaba itheku engeyokuqala amaseli, lokho ngokushesha bayakwazi ukuba ezazivuswa inombolo enkulu ngomzuzu kunabanye. It ngokuvamile kwenzeka izikhathi 60-80 ezimweni ezolile.

ekusebenzisaneni electrochemical phakathi amaseli kunikeza conductance excitation: elulele kulo myocardium. Nge electrocardiograph le nqubo kungaba thatha futhi sihlaziye umsebenzi imisipha.

Amandla ukuncipha inhliziyo wenziwa, njengoba yaziwa, umjikelezo ehlanganisa izigaba eziningana. Lawula umsebenzi wayo isimiso sezinzwa. I inhliziyo umjikelezo isigaba futhi wenze diastole futhi systole zenhliziyo.

umjikelezo senhliziyo luqala ngemva excitation e engeyokuqala itheku. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-ATRIUM kanye ventricles bekhululekile futhi agcwele igazi. Lapho isignali athola, Atria sebeqala ukunqaba. Ngenxa yalokho, i-ventricles kukhona igazi kanye nokusiza extra, ujabule kakhulu. Kanyekanye osebenza igagasi lokuqala - isigaba ukunciphisa indlela. Ingcindezi ku ventricles iba ingcindezi namandla e-Atria, futhi ngokuphazima kweso avaliwe iphiko valve. Nale umjikelezo yesibili inhliziyo ingena esigabeni ukusikwa icwecwe eliqophayo. Phakathi nale nkathi, umthamo ventricles ayishintshi, futhi ukucindezela kuzo uyaqhubeka ukhula. Lapho kuba ngaphezu livela izitsha inhliziyo, valve semilunar semikhawulweni ovulekile futhi icwecwe eliqophayo ukusikwa isigaba. Ngemva kwalokho, igazi inhliziyo bafakwa bomkhumbi. izigaba icwecwe eliqophayo futhi indlela lomjikelezo inhliziyo iyona systole zenhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhliziyo isebujameni ekhululekile. umjikelezo senhliziyo ingena esigabeni ukuphumula icwecwe eliqophayo. Ngu sokuvalwa of valve semilunar nokungcebeleka okwengeziwe isitho ngisho nalapho zonke valve zivaliwe kubangela ingcindezi izitsha. Ngalesi sikhathi kule Atria igazi kancane kancane zanqwabelana. Njengoba nje ingcindezi yayo iba ephakeme kunaleyo ingcindezi ku ventricles, evulekile ichopho valve futhi ventricles zigcwele igazi. Khona-ke lo mbuthano iqala umjikelezo inhliziyo esilandelayo. Futhi esikhathini ventricular ukugcwaliswa nokuncipha atrial, isigaba zokuzilibazisa icwecwe eliqophayo ndawonye ukwenza diastole zenhliziyo.

Ngesikhathi imithambo yegazi izingxenye ejection kudala ingcindezi esingeqile 120 mm HG. Art. Ngo imikhumbi emikhulu, akashintshi. Ngesikhathi kwesivumelwano igazi labo inhliziyo, uwe, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka-80 mm HG. Art. Phakathi umzuzu owodwa, kukhona wesifunda ephelele amalitha amahlanu noma ayisithupha e- igazi, olutholakalayo omdala onempilo. Uma ezinye umzimba uzodinga ngaphezulu ukugeleza kwegazi, kuqala ukwandisa mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we arteriole, ama-capillary, futhi abaningi ngeke zihlala kuphela ukwandisa umkhiqizo we yenhliziyo ngokwayo. Kuyoba ephakeme, elikhulu ivolumu wegazi uyakhishwa ekuncishisweni olulodwa (ivolumu inhliziyo ngayinye beat) kanye ngaphezulu umzimba kuzoncishiswa. Inani igazi ukuthi inhliziyo okudlula ngomzuzu (okukhipha inhliziyo) akuxhomekile nje kuphela esimweni isimo ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, kodwa futhi ku ukukhula kanye nesisindo umzimba. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ahlaziye umsebenzi ngamunye we inhliziyo, alindele Inkomba ekhethekile inhliziyo.

Futhi, inhliziyo ungakwazi ukushintsha ukuvama Kufinyeta namandla abo, ijubane lapho excitation wenziwa ngaphansi kwethonya amaza, okuyinto ithunyelwa isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Ngokwesibonelo, amasignali musa ukwehlisa vagal ababuthakathaka, imvamisa yabo iba lingandile, ukuyaluza sinciphile eyenziwa kancane kakhulu. Kodwa amaza othunywe nezinzwa nozwela, kumane nje okuphambene.

Ngaphezu kwalokho igazi indlela, ukhiphe ngokusuka enhliziyweni ngokusebenzisa imithambo uyaqhubeka.