Ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo

Ukwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo - lokhu kwelashwa sitholwa njengefa-non-ngofuzo, izifo multifactorial, okuyinto eyenziwa ngokwethula isakhi sofuzo ibe namanye amangqamuzana nesineke. Umgomo yokwelapha ukushabalalisa izinkinga zofuzo noma enikeza amaseli izici ezintsha. Okuningi kulula ukungena engqamuzaneni ungesinye enempilo, isakhi sofuzo ukusebenza ngokugcwele, ukwedlula ukulungisa izinkinga zokwakheka ekhona.

Ukwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo kukhawulwe izifundo ezicutshini ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka nabobulili embryo amaseli anganika Imiphumela ezingalindelekile kakhulu.

Okwamanje amasu osetshenziswayo ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izifo kokubili monogenic futhi multifactorial (izimila ebulalayo, ezinye izinhlobo izifo esindayo senhliziyo, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane).

Mayelana 80% wonke amaphrojekthi eziphathelene ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo, ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye nomdlavuza. Okwamanje, ucwaningo lwenziwa ezifana izifo lezinceku njengoba hemophilia B, isifo Gaucher sika, -cystic fibrosis, hypercholesterolemia.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo zofuzo kuhilela:

· Ukukhethwa esiphelweni ezinhlobo ngabanye lamaseli esigulini;

· Ukwethulwa zezakhi zofuzo angaphandle;

· Ukukhethwa lamaseli lapho "babanjwa" ezakhi zofuzo angaphandle;

· Yenzeka isiguli (isib ngokumpontshelwa igazi).

Ukwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo kusekelwe ukwethulwa DNA bakha ku izicubu nesineke. Izindlela ephumelela kunazo ithathwa njengokuhlola yokugoma komjovo futhi aerosol.

Ukwelashwa kwezakhi zofuzo usebenza ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ukwelashwa kwezifo monogenic. Lezi zihlanganisa yokuphazamiseka ubuchopho okuhlotshaniswa sanoma yikuphi ukulimala kwe amaseli ukuthi ukukhiqiza neurotransmitters.

2. Ukwelashwa kwezifo sitholwa njengefa. I izindlela main asetshenziswe art:

· Ukuthuthukiswa bofuzo amaseli omzimba;

· Ukwandisa immunoreactivity yesimila;

· Block ukubonakaliswa oncogenes;

· Ukuvikela amaseli enempilo ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali;

· Wokufaka isimila suppressor izakhi zofuzo;

· I ukukhiqizwa anti-isimila ejenti amaseli enempilo;

· Ukukhiqizwa antitumor ngemigomo;

· Ukudlala Local kwezicubu evamile ngokusebenzisa Antioxidants.

Ukusebenzisa ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo kunezinzuzo eziningi, futhi kwezinye izimo kuba ithuba kuphela ukuphila okuvamile ukuthi abantu abagulayo. Nokho, lo mkhakha wesayensi bengayiqondi ngokugcwele. Kukhona i ban ngamazwe ku kuvivinywa zobulili zangaphambi yenzeka ngamangqamuzana ombungu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe engadingeki isakhi sofuzo kwaqanjwa futhi ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo.

Sikhanyisiwe futhi bamukeleka ezinye izimo zokwelapha okuvunyelwe:

1. Isakhi adluliselwe singene kuhlose amaseli, kumele sisebenze isikhathi eside.

2. I alien imvelo isakhi sofuzo kumelwe silondoloze ekulenzeni libe namandla.

3. ukudluliselwa Gene akufanele kusenze ukusabela ezingezinhle emzimbeni.

Kunezindlela eziningana izinkinga abantu bahlale bemazi namuhla futhi ososayensi abaningi emhlabeni wonke:

• Ingabe ososayensi abasebenza emkhakheni zokwelapha izici zofuzo, ukuthuthukisa genokorrektsiyu ephelele ukuthi ngeke iwusongo yesizukulwane?

• Ingabe isidingo futhi kuwusizo ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo zokwelapha ambalwa ethile ukudlula ingozi ukuphazamiseka ukuze ikusasa lesintu?

• Kungakhathaliseki lezo zinqubo kuyafaneleka, banikezwe zokwanda okukhulu kwenani labantu planethi esikhathini esizayo?

• Ungakuchaza kanjani ezihlobene izinqubo ezifanayo abantu ngemibuzo homeostasis we uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli kanye nomphakathi?

Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukwelapha ngezakhi zofuzo esigabeni samanje abantu inikeza izindlela zokwelapha izifo ezimbi kakhulu ukuthi kuze zisanda aselapheki futhi ebulalayo. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo, le ekuthuthukeni kwale sayensi silindelwe ososayensi nezinselele ezintsha kufanele ziqondiswe namuhla.