Ukushisa kwezinyosi ku-paddock. Ukulondoloza izinyosi kubaqalile

Amakholomu anamandla asezinyosi anokwanela okwanele wezinyosi zokudla angaphandle kwamaqhwa ebusika angama-degrees angu -40. Kodwa endaweni ye-colder enezinyanga ezide (kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-5-7) ebusika, okunye okungcono kuyoba ubusika bezinyosi e-oshanika.

Kungani inyosi ingalali

Umndeni ulungiselela ubusika yonke inkathi esebenzayo yasentwasahlobo-ehlobo, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzala. Izinyosi zigcinwe uju, isizukulwane esikhulu sabasebenzi sakhula. Abawa ebusika obusika, njengabanye izinambuzane, ngoba azivumelanisi ukuqoqwa kwezakhi emzimbeni wabo. Ngokuhlukile, abantu ngabanye abakwazi ukuma emakhazeni. Izinyosi ngaphambi kokubusika zifakwa eqenjini ngesimo se-ellipsoid. Ngaphakathi kwalo, bahlala ngaphezulu ngokukhululekile futhi bangahamba. Ngenxa yokunyakaza phakathi kweqembu, ukushisa kukhiqizwa kufike ku-25-30 degrees Celsius. Ezingxenyeni zangaphandle, izinyosi, ngokucindezela komunye nomunye, yakha igobolondo elinyene ngobunzima obuyi-3 ukuya ku-7 cm ngokushisa okungaba ngu-+15 degrees. Kancane kancane bashintsha izindawo - kusukela phakathi nendawo abangena kugobolondo futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Ukuba inhlangano ekhuthele futhi udla uju kusuka kumafreyimu afakwe uphawu, ehlangene eqenjini lokufudumala, alondoloza izimpilo zabo. Ukubhakabhaka kwezinyosi e-oshanika kubasiza lesi sikhathi esinzima kubo.

Izici zokuziphatha kwasebusika

Ukondla izitokisi zezinyosi zibekwa phezulu kwesifuba, eduze kwendonga yangasese esidlekeni. Ngezansi ngokumelene nephepheni, zikhula umkhuhlane. Lapha zakhiwe eqenjini, elakhiwe ekushiseni okushisa: emindenini ebuthakathaka - ku-13 degrees, emindenini eqinile - ku- +8. Ingxenye engenhla yeqembu igcinwa endaweni enkulu yamafolda afakwe uphawu.

Izinyosi zifudumala ama-honeycombs ngomfudumalo wazo, i-wax ezinhlakalweni zazo ziyancibilika, futhi amanye amaseli ashicilelwa. Zangena umoya womoya emanzini bese zihlanza uju, ezondla izinyosi. I-club igxila kancane kancane phezu kwama-honeycombs kuya phezulu, eqondana nodonga lwangasemuva. Uma ngaphakathi kohlaka lwezinyosi ngokwanele, izinyosi zihamba ngokuzulazula izikhala eziphakathi.

Ekuqaleni kwebusika, ukushisa okufunayo ku-club kugcinwa ukushisa kusuka ezinyosi ekusebenzeni komsebenzi wabo obalulekile. Uma ithola kakhulu, iklabhu iyancipha. Izinyosi zithatha izikhala zangaphakathi kanye nama-cell cell. Ukugcina ukushisa ku-club baqala ukudla ukudla okuningi.

Ekudleni kwazo zonke izinyosi ziphoqeleka ukuba ziqhubekele kuhlaka olulandelayo. Kodwa bangenza ushintsho olunjalo kuphela ekushiseni okuphakeme ngokwanele emthini. Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle lingaphansi kwezinga, iklabhu ayikwazi ukuhamba. Izinyosi ziyakhathazeka. Iqembu lingahlukanisa, okuholela ekufeni kwesinye noma kokubili kwezingxenye zalo.

I-Stock yokudla

Izinyosi zasebusika endaweni enotshani-ncoma kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa koju. Ubumbene eklabhu abantu banciphisa isigqi sokuphila. Ukushintshaniswa kwezinqubo eziphilayo zabo kuncane kakhulu. Izinyosi eklabhu yokudla zidinga izikhathi ezingaphansi kwezikhathi ezingu-20 kunqamule ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngenyanga yokuqala noma amabili ebusika, badla ama-700 g uju izinsuku ezingu-30. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwenyanga okungenani 1.2 kg. Uma ukushaywa ubusika kwezinyosi ku-omshannik kudlulile ngokungenakuqondakala, futhi entwasahlobo, i-brood ivela esidlekeni, khona-ke umthamo wesondlo ophindwe kabili.

Shiya ifreyimu lapho uju ungaphansi kuka-2 kg futhi kukhona amangqamuzana wamahhala lapho izinyosi ze-club ebusika zizohlala khona. Khona-ke kuzohlala kukhulu, futhi izinyosi zilula ukugcina izinga lokushisa ngokudla okuncane. Ngaphezu koju (ama-carbohydrates, izakhi zokulandelela), okungenani ama-2 ozimele ne-perga (amaprotheni ukudla) agcinwa emndenini ngamunye. Kudingekile ukuthi ukondla ama-brood entwasahlobo. Amaseli anePerga kumele agcinwe - agcwaliswe uju, aqinisekiswe ngendwangu ye-wax, ngaphandle kwalokho isinkwa siyoba isikhunta futhi siphume.

Ukulungiselela i-honeycomb yokudoba

Ukuze ubusika obuphephile, unakekele ukuvunwa kwezinyosi zokudla. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuqala izinyosi kuyisibopho esinzima, ngakho-ke phatha konke njengokubaluleke ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-honeycombs avuna okwesiqephu sokuqala senkathi, futhi ukuhlelwa kwamafomu ngaphansi kokudla kuxhomeke ohlelweni (ukuklama) kweso. Masinyane ucacise ukuthi i-honeycomb ayiyena entsha futhi ayiyena ubudala, futhi "isetshenziswe" - i-brown ekhanyayo.

E-honeycomb i-honeycomb i-honeycomb combs ne-brood ephrintiwe ibekwa maphakathi nesakhiwo sesibili. Kusukela ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhaya ama honeycombs anjalo avezwa maphakathi nendawo engenhla. Amafreyimu aqoshiwe awaxoshwa ngaphandle - ayondla ebusika. Emibhedeni ilanga phambi komkhiqizo omkhulu wezinyosi oqoqiwe uju ne-brood evulekile futhi evulekile ifakwe eceleni ngephakathi, ukuqhuma ukukhanya nokumnyama ekugcineni kwesidleke. Ezingxenyeni zezinyosi ezingenasisekelo phakathi kwalezi zindlovu ezimbili zifakwe amafreyimu angu-4-6, futhi emaphethelweni abeka ama-half-ozimele. Izinyosi ziqala kuqala lezo zinyosi eziphakathi nendawo. Uma izidleke zivalwe eceleni, zithathwe emthanjeni, kodwa uju alukhiphi ngaphandle - kungukudla kwasebusika.

Ukubhekisela: i-sotoramka engu-43.5 x 30 cm ithatha u-4 kg uju, u-43 kg - 23 kg - 3 kg, uma nje amaseli agcwele ohlangothini nolunye.

Hlunga kahle

Incwadi ethi "Ukwabiwa Kwezinyosi Kwabaqalayo" ibonisa ukuthi akuzona zonke izinyosi ezifanele ukudla kwasebusika. Ukuze ugweme i-padego toxemia yokuqasha izinyosi zezinyosi, kubalulekile ukushiya amafomu noju ngaphandle kwephadi, eqoqwe engxenyeni yokuqala yeqoqo lezinyosi. Uma umndeni ubamba ubusika, khona-ke amanye amalunga ayo aphili ukubona intwasahlobo - aqala ukuhuda. Abasinda bayangcolisa isidleke ngezinye izifo, ezisongela isifo esiyingozi se-parasitic-nosematosis.

Akufanelekile ukuba ubusika ngokushesha ujulise uju oluqoqwe kusuka emanzini, i-sunflower, i-sainfoin, ukuhlwanyela, izitshalo ze-cruciferous (ukudlwengula). Awukwazi ukuhlanjululwa. Ukuzibandakanya nezinyosi zezinyosi ezinjalo zifika ekukhathazeni ukoma. Umndeni ubuthakathaka noma ufa ngendlala ngenqolobane yobusi obuketsheziweyo.

Lapho ukuvunwa kwemfuyo sebenzisa i-honeycomb ukukhanya okumnyama, lapho izizukulwane ezimbalwa zitholwa khona. Zingaphansi kokushisa okuncane kunokukhanya, zingcono ukugcina ukushisa esidlekeni, lapho lesi sibeletho sizimisele kakhulu ukubeka amaqanda entwasahlobo. Emanqeni omdala omnyama wombala omnyama nemibungu esele yama-crystal, uju omusha ngokushesha lukhuni. Ukushisa kweqhwa ngeke kuphumelele, ngoba izinyosi zidinga uju omanzi. Ama-honeycombs akhanyayo, lapho kwakungazange kube khona izinyosi ezinyosi, kubanda, isibeletho siqala ukubeka amaqanda kuzo ngasekupheleni, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwama-brood kuzo kubambezeleka entwasahlobo.

Gcina isitoreji

Isitokisi sokudla kumaseli asindiwe sigcinwa emabhokisini ngesembozo esiqinile, kumacala esenyenyeni, ezandisweni. Indawo yokugcina kumele ibe eyomile futhi ipholile, ingafinyeleleki kumagundane. Ngaphambi kokumisa ama-honeycombs, imigoqo yamapulangwe ihlanzwa ngokucophelela kokungcola: izinambuzane zesifo sohudo, ukukhula kwe-wax, i-propolis.

Oshanik ngezinyosi

Isayithi yokwakhiwa likhethiwe endaweni eyomile (ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akusondelene no-1 m ukusuka phansi), emathafeni amancane (ukugeleza kwamanzi anamanzi namanzi), ngokuvikelwa emoyeni. I-osmotic ihunyushwa ukuthi ayitholakali ngamagundane abhubhisa i-beehive, engenakukwazi ukukhanya nokukhala, okuphazamisa izinyosi.

Kuye ngezimo zendawo, izakhiwo zingahle zibe phansi, ngaphansi komhlaba naphansi kwamanye amazwe. Okuvamile - komhlaba, wangcwatshwa ekuphakameni kwezindonga ezisemhlabathini. Ebusika, bayoba nokushisa okuzinzile, entwasahlobo bahlale bephansi, okubalulekile ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokubusika. Izindonga ze-omshanika ziyizitini noma zingenasihlahla, isihlahla sisheshe sithathe igciwane.

Ukuntuleka kwebusika emhlabathini: izindonga zivutha ngokweqile ebusika, futhi ngaphansi kwelanga lesentwasahlobo kuphelile, lapho izinyosi zisesekuseni ukuyeka ubusika. Ekamelweni elingaphansi komhlaba, kuyadingeka i-thermoregulator ye-oshanika - izogcina izinga lokushisa elibekiwe.

Emadongeni angaphansi komhlaba, lapho ephakama isigamu, angcwatshwa emhlabathini. Ama-osmans anjalo ngokuvamile akhiwe emthambekeni wezintaba.

I-osman yezinyosi iqukethe izindonga, phansi, ukushayela phansi, uphahla, ukuhlinzeka nokuqeda umoya. Ngaphakathi yenza ama-racks ngaphansi kwe-hives. Umnyango uvula ngaphakathi, kufudumala ngezwa, emgwaqweni ngophahla lwensimbi.

Ubukhulu be-hibernate bunikeza uhlobo nenombolo yamathuba. Ukuphakama kusuka phansi kuze kube silingeni kuyinto 2.5-3 m. Hives abekwe kuma racks noma eyodwa phezulu komunye. Isikwele esisodwa sithatha isikwele esingu-0.6. Indawo kaM. I-double-walled-hinger-lounger - 0,7-0,9 amamitha square. M. Ibanga ukusuka ezindongeni kuya emithanjeni ngu-10 cm, phakathi kwemigqa - 90 cm.

I-ventilation nokushisa ku-oshshnike

Ukushisa nokushisa kwasebusika kwezinyosi kufanele kugcinwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukushintshashintsha okuvunyelwe kwalezi zinsuku kuvela ku- -2 kuya ku -4 degrees, kodwa okunamandla kusuka ku-0 kuya ku -2. Uma izinyosi ezibandayo zidla umthamo omkhulu wokudla, futhi amathumbu abo agcwele imfucuza, uhudo luqala. Ukushisa okwedlulele kubangela ukuba bangabi nakakhulu.

Okuthakazelisayo kuyoba umswakama wesihlobo ka- 75-85%. Ophakemeyo uyobangela ukuba i-osmosis nezinyosi zisakaze, ziningi ngokweqile - ukuhlenga uju, okwenza kube mnandi. Uma udla uju olumuncu, izinyosi ezivulekile zivulekile, ziyancipha futhi zife. Umswakama ophansi awwanele ukuhlanza uju, udilika, izinyosi zifa ngenxa yokoma kanye nendlala.

Udinga ukuhlinzeka nokukhipha umoya wokungenisa umoya ukulawula umswakama nokushisa ku-oshanike. Umoya omusha ungena emipayipi phansi, ufudumale ngamanzi udwetshwa ipayipi esihlahleni nasingaphandle phansi kophahla. Ukulungiswa kokuphuma nokukhipha kwenziwa ngamagesi. Umndeni udinga isigaba somgodi samamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. Bheka Kule datha bese ubala indawo engezansi yemipayipi. Uma kunesidingo, banelisekile eziningana.

Ukuthuthela "efulethini lebusika"

Ehlobo, i-osmoshan isomile kahle, iphansi ligcwele isihlabathi esomile, izindonga, i-plafini iyabomhlophe. Musa ukugijimela ngokudluliselwa kwemihlathi. Ekwindla, izinsuku ezifudumele zenzeka ukuze ziqhume izinyosi. Nini ukuletha izinyosi ebusika? Ngokujwayelekile maphakathi noNovemba ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nephakathi, ekuqaleni kukaDisemba eningizimu.

Kuvunyelwe izinyosi zasebusika emgodini, uma sigxilisa izindonga zayo, simboze izindonga zezinyosi ngamasaka, sithule futhi sibe nobumnyama. Ukwakhiwa kwe-osmoshan langempela kuyabiza futhi kuyasebenza kakhulu. Ukubusika kwezinyosi ezisemgodini kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunesikhala esiphezulu ngaphansi kwemimoya neqhwa. Inyosi ayisabeki ebandayo, kodwa yindlala, idamu kanye ne-drafts, kanti umlimi wezinyosi uyisela, uma i-oshanik ingekho ekhaya. Izici zokubusika okuphumelelayo kwezinyoni zezinyoni ezinqolobaneni zihlukile kunobusika bezinyosi e-oshanika.