Ukusha Chemical: usizo lokuqala

Ekuphileni kunezimo ezahlukene, abantu ahlala phakathi kwabo noma abantu eduze usizo lokuqala liyadingeka. Lokhu hit ngesikhathi kwehla ingozi yomgwaqo, futhi frostbite, futhi ngogesi. Inkinga Evamile - ukusha. Le nkulumo ibhekisela umonakalo izicubu kubangelwa ezishisayo, ugesi, amakhemikhali noma amandla emisebe. Lamuhla sitawubuka izilonda kubangelwa izinto nolaka usizo lokuqala for zamakhemikhali ukusha.

Isidingo sosizo lokuqala

Wonke umuntu azi ukuthi angasilawula kanjani usizo lokuqala inikezwe. Lesi sihloko efanele kakhulu, ngoba noma ubani angaba senkingeni. Ukuqinisekiswa ingezansi ngezigaba. Abantu abathintekayo ukusha, zihlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana:

• abantu abathintekile wubudedengu sakhe, ngobudedengu;
• zokuhlenga abalimale ezingozini;
• kwabantu abaye bahlupheka kusukela izenzo zobugebengu;
• Rescue Service.

Usizo lokuqala for zamakhemikhali ushe isikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kubaluleke kakhulu. I ngaphambili njengoba linjalo, njengeliyiZwi ngokushesha eyeka eyengeziwe ye izici ezibangela ukucindezeleka. Ngenxa zosizo lokuqala kugwenywe nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo ngisho nokufa.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana chemical ukusha

Chemical ukusha avele ngenxa Ilungiselelo ukonakaliswa isikhumba noma nolwelwesi lwamafinyila izinto nolaka. Ukwabela elandelayo izinga lomonakalo:

• Ibanga mina - endaweni ethintekile iba pripushim, ububomvu kwesikhumba;
• II degree - izingqimba engenhla dermis afele isikhumba alimele reddened (ngoba kuphakama ukusha thermochemical Bubbles eliqukethe ketshezi aphuzi);
• Ibanga III - ngesikhathi abathintekayo indawo necrosis iqala (necrosis), esizibonakalisa ushintsho ibala;
• Ibanga IV - kuthinta izicubu ezijulile-elele (ongama amafutha, imisipha, amathambo).

Chemical ukusha: Izibalo nobukhali izilonda

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlole ukuhlinzekwa kosizo lokuqala zamakhemikhali ukusha, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi izilonda Kuvame kakhulu abantu amaphutha abo siqu. nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene kuleli khaya, ukunganakwa imithetho nokuphepha emsebenzini - sezizathu ezinkulu. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ukushiswa ngokuvamile zenzeka ngenxa ukuchayeka acid (43% of amacala). umonakalo ingasakhulunywa-ke nje isikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kubangelwa inkinga ithonya alkalis (e 21.5% of amacala).

Kobukhulu ukusha chemical akunqunywa kwethonya izici zangaphandle, futhi izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni nasemizweleni chemical ezenzeka endaweni yokulimala. Izinto falling emzimbeni, noma nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukubhubhisa izicubu kuze neutralization noma lo dilution nokususwa. Kobukhulu umonakalo kunqunywa izici eziningana:

• ubunjalo chemical;
• ubude contact;
• okuhlushwa ivolumu yento engesimumathini;
• mshini wezenzo;
• degree of izicubu Ukungena;
• isikhathi uma usizo lokuqala yadalwa ngesikhathi ukusha zamakhemikhali, ukususwa izingubo afuthwe ngesibulali ndaba nolaka.

I-algorithm jikelele ukunakekelwa

Ukubona abantu ehlaselwe ezishile zamakhemikhali, udinga ngokushesha shayela i-ambulense, ngoba kuphela uma wena isikhungo sokwelapha kungenzeka ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kanye ukululama ngokushesha. Khona-ke, ukuhlola endaweni yesehlakalo, ukuze abone ukuthi ikhona yingozi. Uma kukhona usongo ekuphileni, kuyobe sekudingeka ukwenze lokho shayela abatakuli kanye namanye amasevisi eziphuthumayo.

Uma ingozi khona kokuphila-hhayi, ukuba isisulu angafika ukunikeza usizo lokuqala for zamakhemikhali ukusha. Uma kudingekile, kutuswa ukusebenzisa siqu imishini zokuzivikela - buso, amagilavu. Nge isisulu kwasekuqaleni udinga ukususa izingubo chemical-elifakwe. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Olunye usizo kuye ketshezi esebenza

Umuntu ngaphandle nokwelapha, akaphoqelekile ukunakekela okuhle kwezokwelapha. Yingakho ungakwazi senqabe afeze noma isiphi isenzo ezimweni ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, uma izidakamizwa engaziwa oholele ezishile, kungcono ukulinda ukufika Ochwepheshe. Umonakalo imbangela chemical kuncike usizo lokuqala.

Nokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi i-ambulensi ifika ngokushesha kule nselele. Ukuze ungalahlekelwa isikhathi esibalulekile eziphuthumayo, sincoma zangaphambi bajwayelane imithetho usizo. Basuke esohlwini ngezansi.

Ezinye izici ngosizo lokuqala

Chemical ngempumelelo isusiwe ngaphansi ukusakaza kakhulu kwamanzi. Nokho, le nqubo akuyona okusheshayo. Chemical ukusha wageza eside:

• ngesikhathi izilonda acid adingekayo nqubo kusuka 30 kuya 60 amaminithi;
• e izilonda alikhali - emahoreni ambalwa.

Amanxeba bahlanza ukunciphisa lokujabulela umuzwa esivuthayo ubuhlungu. Uma kumakhemikhali pudroobraznym ke shake it kuqala, bese ebusweni isikhumba ziphathwe indlela efanelekayo.

Chemical iso burns: Usizo lokuqala

Eye - uhlaka ebalulekile bezibona izwe elizungezile. Ngaphandle kwawo akunakwenzeka ukuphila ngokugcwele. Yingakho chemical ukusha iso Udinga ukunikela usizo lokuqala ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kulondolozwe umbono. Uma acid noma alikhali izinyathelo ezilandelayo Kunconywa:

1. Ngomusa push Isivalo ngeminwe yakho bese uxubha kahle emehlweni abandayo nge hhayi ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Ngu wokuwasha ke kumelwe ukuthi kuqhamuke njalo ekhaleni ethempelini.
2. Abeke ezazivalwe amehlo. Kufanele kokubili ivalwe kuya ukunyakaza kwamehlo enempilo akakubangeli emizweni ezingemnandi esweni ethintekile.
3. Ngemuva usizo lokuqala isisulu ezazivalwe amehlo kudingeka ukuletha isikhungo sokwelapha okunye ukwelashwa.

Lapho usizo lokuqala for ukusha amakhemikhali abathintekayo hhayi kuphela Amehlo ngamanzi. Uma acid lwako esetshenziswa ngezinye izikhathi 2% isixazululo of baking soda. Ukuze wenze lokho, uthathe ingilazi yamanzi abilisiwe bese wengeza kuwo soda baking ku ichopho ummese etafuleni.

Ngemva ukuxhumana amehlo alikhali sihlanzwe 0.1% isixazululo of citric acid. Ukuze kulungiswe ketshezi ingilazi yamanzi abilisiwe wengeza amaconsi ambalwa kalamula.

imithombo Common yephutha

Lapho ukunikeza usizo lokuqala, abantu ngokuvamile benza amaphutha. Bazama ukususa ikhemikhali usebenzisa napkins, tampons, oswakanyiswe amanzi. Ukusetshenziswa lezo zimali akukwazi for ukusha. Napkins kanye tampons izidakamizwa singasuki kinid, wagcoba zibe izingqimba ezijulile kwesikhumba.

Isikhathi esining impela, abantu bakuphatha ezindaweni ezithintekile fat, amaqanda isikhuphasha, imikhiqizo yobisi, umchamo, wageza nge decoction yamakhambi. Ongoti, njengokuba nazi lokhu, musa batusa ukuthi abantu basebenzisa imithi yesintu. Usizo lokuqala for zamakhemikhali ukusha, ehlinzekwe ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo engenhla, kungaholela isifo kushe. Ukutheleleka ekugcineni kungabangela ukufa.

Ukubaluleka ukuvakashelwa wezokwelapha

Abantu abathintekayo ukusha zamakhemikhali, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele siyiswe esibhedlela. Isidingo ukwelashwa kwasesibhedlela ihlobene ngokuyinhloko yokuthi izinto nolaka ngesikhumba, ebusweni isilonda, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila ukungena egazini zasakazekela umzimba, zikhala ukusebenza kwawo. Isibonelo, ngokulondoloza ephefumula ka lokuhlala ezithile ammonia, i-hydrogen-fluoride, uxhumano lokudlulisa intuthu, acid eqinile futhi izinto ezifanayo waphawula ukucasuka samehlo, lwamafinyila ulwelwesi amalaka, nasopharynx, hoarseness, ubuhlungu emphinjeni, ngopha emakhaleni. Ithuba laryngeal futhi edema yamaphaphu, okuyinto kuyingozi kakhulu.

Le miphumela Akuwona kuphela. Lapho ukuncela ka oxalic acid noma hydrofluoric amathuba hypocalcemia. Lapho udle, tannic, formic acid noma picric acid, i-phosphorus noma phenol kungenzeka hepatic futhi ukwehluleka kwezinso, sezinzwa uhlelo ukucindezeleka.

Ukwelashwa zamakhemikhali uzishisa esibhedlela

Isikimu ukwelashwa emva usizo lokuqala sekwethulwa ukusha chemical kuhilela izingxenye eziningana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqedwa imiphumela anobuthi izinto nolaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu:

• ukusebenzisa izindlela imvume yashesha nomzimba womuntu we ezinobuthi;
• Isebenzisa ethize (yokuvimbela) ukwelashwa;
• lwenteke izinyathelo zokulungisa inqophe ukunina nokubuyisela imisebenzi okhathazekile of umzimba.

Ukwelashwa lokusha iyabonakala ngokwabo kunqunywa ikhumbula izinga lomonakalo. Lapho I neyesi-II ngokwezinga esetshenziswa wamafutha amabhandeshi. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha yokusebenzisa le mithi ukuthi ukusheshisa izicubu ukuvuselelwa. Uma kukhona iqhubeka ke esikhundleni yokugcoba amabhandeshi esetshenziswa ofakwe isixazululo isinqandakuvunda. Nge ukusha ezijulile, impatho kuhlinzwa isetshenziswa. Okokuqala wenziwa necrectomy, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho izicubu efile iyasuswa. Emuva kokuchitha plastic isikhumba kahle.

Chemical ukusha ayingozi. Musa lithembela emithini yesintu ekwelapheni, noma ukuthi bonke ngeke lokuzelapha. Uchwepheshe noma kunjalo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa emva enikeziwe usizo lokuqala for zamakhemikhali ukusha. Wathunywa ngoba impatho esibhedlela noma bakutshele ukuthi ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ukuthola ukusuka Izilonda ezincane.