Ukuphakama Maximum siluhlaza Sequoia. Tree - Giant

flora Amazing futhi zihlukahlukene kakhulu kule planethi yethu. Omunye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu kuyinto uhlobo lwe ahlukene emithi, ehlanganisa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela, emelelwa siluhlaza Sequoia. Kukhona amagama ambalwa zalesi sitshalo - redwood obomvu kanye siluhlaza taksodium. Lezi abameleli Taxodiaceae umndeni - abaholi ngokuphelele ukuphakama, hhayi kuphela phakathi AmaConifers, kodwa futhi wonke umbuso isitshalo Earth. Amazing esiphezulu ukuphakama siluhlaza Sequoia. Yeka ukuthi lingakanani ithonya, yini amandla! Ake sixoxe ngalokhu giant, walondoloza kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.

Sequoia: izihlahla giant

Sequoia - ingenye kwezinhlobo ezintathu izihlahla eyaziwa ngaphansi epithet "Mahogany". Ephedra kuyinto siluhlaza, ubude bempilo ivuliwe ubufakazi ahlukahlukene ifinyelela eminyakeni 3,000, ukuphakama 115, futhi base ubukhulu - 5-6 amamitha nokuningi. Igama elithi "Sequoia" okusolakala inikezwe simila behlonipha umholi we-isizwe Indian Cherokee - Sequoia, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kumane nje legend enhle.

ukuphakama Maximum siluhlaza Sequoia

Lezi zihlahla ziba imidondoshiya yangempela. Ukuphakama lapho basondela, eshaya, kanye nabantu ngamgcina them nanini, kunzima ukuba isitshalo, ukufinyelela ophahleni lwesakhiwo 46-storey. It ngempela kuyinto muthi oyingqayizivele, ngoba ngisho isilinganiso kweziningi izimo idlule shestidesyatimetrovoy uphawu. AmaConifers Abaningi lolu hlobo ngaphansi amandla devyanostometrovy ukukhula, futhi kukhona Champions. Sequoia ukuphakama Maximum siluhlaza, ngokuthi "uYise emahlathini" futhi, ngeshwa, akazange esiphila kuze kube namuhla, kwaba 135 amamitha. Modern umholi ongenambangi - Sequoia "Hyperion", okuyinto kwafinyelela 115,6 metres ubude. Ayikho umxhwele kancane futhi ububanzi we "Hyperion" isizinda - cishe 5 amamitha. Umnyaka esikiselwayo giant - iminyaka engaba ngu-800.

Ubuholi zalesi sitshalo yasungulwa ngo 2006 ososayensi American. Bathi uma ichopho kwesihlahla engakaze kabana izinyoni, ukuphakama esiphezulu ngamamitha of siluhlaza redwoods zaba 115,8 m. Itholakala ku-California giant esiqiwini "Redwood" California, usithande kungaba ubani. Esikhathini emlandweni kwesintu ububanzi enkulu umgqomo - 7 m, kanye nobudala bayo, sifinyelela phezulu eminyakeni 3500.

Izici uhlobo

Ngakho Sequoia - siluhlaza ephedra monoecious nge umqhele oyindilinga ukuma. amagatsha Tree zivame ukukhula zibe nendawo noma izwe okuncane emthambekeni phansi. Amagxolo, lafinyelela ukushuba 30 cm, umucu, Imi ku emseleni ezijulile, isakhiwo kuqhathaniswa esithambile futhi ubumba luhlaza ukuhwalala ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngemva isuswe. Kuyinto lokhu impahla cortex awunika igama engqondweni - "Mahogany".

Phakathi kwabo bonke labo Sequoia Taxodiaceae has eyigugu kakhulu izinkuni core ne ithoni Pinkish-obomvu nomhlophe kanye alube noma sapwood, t. E. Izinhla elise phakathi umongo kanye cambium. Ngokumangalisayo, ikhwalithi ukhuni kwelinye emgqonyeni zingahluka. Kuyinto ukuphakama esiphezulu we Sequoia siluhlaza okwedlula amamitha 110, njengoba hlobo lwekhadi, kubonisa ubunjalo zalesi sitshalo. Omunye umuthi anganika ukhuni kakhulu engaphezu kuka-1000 cubic metres.

Nciphisa umqhele esihlahleni, ehlotshiswe Izigaxa, liqala ukuphakama ngaphezu ingxenye yesithathu stem. Kumiswa uhlelo impande ngezimpande elikhulu kakhulu lateral, kusale engajulile enhlabathini.

Sequoia inkulu kodwa futhi nempilo ende hhayi kuphela - omunye izitshalo elide kakhulu eziphilayo emhlabeni. yobudala wakhe - iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2000. Ukukhula ka redwoods abasha afinyelele eminyakeni 400-500.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha redwoods

Emvelweni, zikhona izenzakalo eziningi ezimangalisayo. Futhi Sequoia, umbuso omkhulu Gulliver yemifino ikhula kusuka mbewu encanyana, ubude baso ingeqi isigamu isentimitha. Okusakazwa imbewu Sequoia eqoqwe encane okusaqanda Izigaxa olulodwa okwenyanga anganika nokukhula luningi. Izigaxa izitshalo ezisukela 15 kuya ku-30 mm yokuvuthwa ekupheleni kwekwindla futhi aqukethe imbewu 3-7 okuyinto athululwa ngu iphele isithelo ngosayizi.

A sici ukungabi khona kwezinhlobo umehluko ngokuya izinga lokukhula kanye nempilo ende phakathi izithombo landa lisuka imbewu kanye amahlumela amasha ezivukayo angesabi. It akashintshi futhi ukuphakama esiphezulu Sequoia siluhlaza, kuye ngokuthi indlela ukuhluma.

Lapho izihlahla-zilo?

Kudala, ekupheleni kwesikhathi Cretaceous, lezi zitshalo siluhlaza nazo zasakazwa kuzo zonke Nenkabazwe. Khona-ke akekho hit ukuphakama esiphezulu we Sequoia siluhlaza.

Namuhla, amanxiwa amahlathi relict, lapho bekhula, kulondeke esikhaleni elilinganiselwe entshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika: isiqeshana emincane Umkhawulo wama-Pacific Ocean, elula esuka Monterey County iya eCalifornia, enyakatho ukuya eningizimu emfuleni ngokucacile Oregon. Kuthatha band kancane kuka-700 km, futhi itholakala endaweni engamamitha amamitha 600 kuya ku-900 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. kunomswakama kudinga Sequoia, ngakho-ke asikwazi ukusakaza okuthuthukile ogwini kuka 30-40 km, futhi sihlala ezindaweni ezingaphandle kwethonya lomoya andle ntanta amanzi edingeka kakhulu ukuze lesi simila.

Umqondo "Sequoia Ihlathi" yavela kuyi-1769, lapho yathola ogwini Pacific. Ngesikhathi esifanayo umbala ukhuni simila siye sabizwa ngokuthi "mahogany", ulondoloze kuye namuhla. Ngo-1847, i-sezinto eziphilayo Austrian uStefanu Endliherom lezi zitshalo zihlonzwe njengoba zinhlobo ehlukile, isici sici owawungumnyaka ukuphakama esiphezulu we Sequoia siluhlaza okweqa 100-110 amamitha.

ukhuni izakhiwo

Langa izinga ugodo izitshalo, esindayo, ukukhanya, hhayi ukungenwa izinambuzane eziwuhlupho bese zibola, ngokuvamile eyaziwa emhlabeni futhi lisetshenziswa njengendlela impahla lombazi, okuyinto evame esisemqoka ekwakhekeni ezihlukahlukene izinto - kusukela ifenisha belele futhi izindlu prefabricated. Ukungabikho ephelele iphunga ukhuni evumela ukusebenzisa impahla kulezo zindawo zokukhiqiza yezimboni, lapho kuyadingeka, isibonelo, ukudla kanye nogwayi. Amazing ukuphakama esiphezulu siluhlaza Sequoia. Izithombe izitshalo okusesihlokweni esithi, ukugcizelela ubukhulu babo, amandla nobuhle.