Ukulungiswa idumela, neutralization of izibuyekezo ezimbi

idumela lihle of inhlangano engokomthetho - a kugada obukholisayo ukuheha abalingani ezintsha commercial, ukukhuthaza brand ayo, ukwandisa izimakethe. Noma ikuphi ukonakaliswa idumela ithwala ukuphila kwakhe engozini ukuze ukukhula kwamabhizinisi kanye ukunciphisa inzuzo kakhulu.

Ilungelo lokuvikelwa yebhizinisi idumela

amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano idumela ivikelwe imithetho ehlukahlukene. Phakathi kwabo:

• Civil Code of the Russian Federation engxenyeni umthetho wokuqala kuvikela idumela lenkampani futhi kukunike amandla ukuvikela zonke izindlela ezingokomthetho.
• Ukulungiswa zeNkantolo Ephakeme of 23.05.2006 ugcizelela ukubaluleka nezinqumo zokwahlulela ekubuyiselweni ngokubanika ilungelo lokuba zomthetho inhlangano futhi impahla isinxephezelo ngenxa ukulahlekelwa idumela.

Ukulungiswa idumela izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kuwo wonke amafomu ubunikazi lingaphakathi kwenkululeko the Civil Code. Futhi umbuzo isinxephezelo izingozi noma zibuyisela igama ezinhle inkampani abathintekayo kulo amakhotho wezakhamuzi. ukuchazwa kwemfundiso "abathakazelelwayo 'ibinzana awunasilinganiso ezingeni zomthetho. Kodwa abameli kutilolonga bosomabhizinisi ayekuqondile lapho esho la umqondo iqoqo idatha okunokwethenjelwa mayelana ibhizinisi kwezomnotho ethile noma inhlangano kwezohwebo. Lezi idatha enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba yakha umqondo yosomabhizinisi izimfanelo abasebenzi yenkampani, ukuhlonipha, inhlonipho ngobuhlobo izivumelwano kanye nezinye izindaba.

Inani Legal sokuthakazelelwa

I Civil Code of the Russian Federation, inkulumo ethi "ibhizinisi idumela inhlangano engokomthetho" livela kathathu kuphela. Izihloko Isekelwe 152, 1027 kanye 1042, iziphetho ezilandelayo:

• Sokuthakazelelwa yiliphi ibhizinisi kuyinto amanani non-ezibonakalayo.
• ngedumela laleyo nkampani, amafemu, izinhlangano angadluliselwa kule uhluka idumela lomunye umuntu.
• Ukulungiswa idumela izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye nabantu ukuba izindlela ezifanayo.

Ukudluliswa idumela lomuntu zomthetho sika

Uma amaphuzu wokuqala nowesithathu okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, ku kucacile, yesibili kungenziwa idingidwa. idumela yenkampani kungenziwa elihlukanisiwe namafa ezingokoqobo futhi angaphatheki. Lo mqeqeshi owake wapheka zihlanganisa amasheya kwezimpahla, izimpahla Lesisemkhatsini, izakhiwo, izitolo, njll amafa angaphatheki zihlanganisa zokuhweba, ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene, imiphumela yocwaningo, amalungelo obunikazi ezisunguliwe. Lapho ukudluliselwa kobunikazi kumnikazi omusha kuba ngokuzenzakalela idumela eqinile futhi esasiwafanele. Kusukela ekudluliselweni kobunikazi zonke izinkathazo ezihlobene kulondolozwe idumela, iletha emahlombe abanikazi abasha.

Njengoba singabona, idumela wenhlangano - ke buwusizo ejwayelekile ukuthi kunomthelela oqonde ngqo ku ezomnotho inhlangano engokomthetho. idumela lihle kakhulu kwandisa imbuyiselo inkampani edonsela abalingani ezintsha kanye zimali. I negative kuba yisithiyo phakathi abamele inkampani kanye namakhasimende ayo ezingaba khona.

Ngubani ehilelekile luhlolo amacala ukubuyiselwa sithombe?

Ngokusho isihloko 33 APC RF, amacala wokusinyundela mkhakha womsebenzi kwezomnotho engaphansi kwe izinkantolo ukulamula umbango. Ukuya enkantolo iyindawo uma ufuna ukulungisa idumela ngenxa umonakalo owenziwe. izimo ezinjalo kungenzeka ezimweni ezintathu:

• Yokwanda ebanzi ulwazi inhlangano engokomthetho.
• ubunjalo Kusobala isithunzi ulwazi.
• Ukuguquguquka ukudalulwa kolwazi ukuze amaqiniso angempela.

Lesinqumo LoMkhandlu Plenum we RF Armed Forces adalule lezi zinto kabanzi. Ngakho, ukusatshalaliswa kolwazi zingase zihlanganise ukubekwa phambili ekukhulumeni kwabezindaba, inethiwekhi, izinkulumo zomphakathi, e kwaxoxwa izinsolo abahlukahlukene mayelana ibhizinisi. Imininingwane isithunzi - ngokuqinisekile amaqiniso iqiniso ebekwe ungumnyundeli. Imininingwane ezingewona ingasho imikhakha ehlukene umsebenzi - ababalekela ukukhokha intela, abampofu imikhiqizo izinga, ukwephula izigaba izivumelwano zebhizinisi, kwabangawona ukukhokhwa izikweletu kanye nezinye izibopho. Izenzo ezinjalo kuholele ekulahlekelweni idumela inhlangano esemthethweni, kanye nabamele amabhizinisi noma inhlangano unelungelo ukuyala ummangaleli umonakalo.

Wemaciniso nemibono

Njengoba kuveziwe lomqulu, kufanele nihlukanise phakathi ukubaluleka izahlulelo nemibono subjective futhi izitatimende ezingamanga Empeleni, ukuba yiqiniso kwalesi okungase ngqo ihlolwe. Lokwahlulela nasekuqageleni ayikwazi ukuqinisekiswa, okusho ukuthi isivivinyo ngeke isihloko.

Uma icala Oqondisa idumela enkantolo, ummangali inelungelo lokufuna kusuka kokwenzayo ummangalelwa uqondise ekuphikiseni ulwazi olungamanga. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi uvuma obala amaphutha abo, ukulungisa noma ukukhansela ukushicilelwa ezibangele Isivivinyo.

Buyisela isithombe

Uma inhlangano ngenxa kweligama balahlekelwa, idumela ukulungiswa yisinqumo senkantolo zingenziwa ngenhlonipho umonakalo yezimali. Kulokhu, lo abameli ummangali ungase ubhekane nobunzima. Iqiniso lokuthi inkantolo sizogxila ukulahlekelwa inzuzo. Futhi ngisho noma wena ulethe ubufakazi futhi libe yinqwaba izinkontileka engabhalisiwe, umonakalo langempela namanje kungenzeki ukulinganisa.

Hola idumela lokuba umlingani abonakele kalula futhi ubuyisele spravdlivost nzima nakakhulu. Ngisho ne isinqumo fair futhi isinxephezelo noma yiziphi izimali maqondana umonakalo yezomnotho izindaba ukungathembeki we bale nkampani uzobe sasakazeka kakhulu futhi eside, futhi akukho ummangalelwa ngeke ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalolu zonke umonakalo.

umthwalo lobugebengu

Okuphikisanayo umkhuba Russian zokwahlulela ivumela lokuvikeleka kwezifiso ezisemqoka ezingumphumela idumela lenkampani futhi ngosizo ezinye izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Criminal Code. Ikakhulukazi sikhuluma art. 42 Ikhodi Criminal Procedure, echaza izimo lapho kungase umuntu wezomthetho hlonishwa njengomphakathi isisulu. Ngokwesibonelo, lesi sihloko iphatha macala:

• ukusetshenziswa ngokungemthetho sha noma uphawu lokuhweba;
• ukuthola ngokungemthetho noma ukuvezwa kolwazi, emelela inzuzo, yasebhange noma intela ekusithekeni.

Ukuvikela ibhizinisi idumela, amaphoyisa aqapha angaqalisa icala lobugebengu nge ukudluliselwa kwalo okwalandela enkantolo. A inhlangano engokomthetho ngohlangothi bayoba nelungelo lokwenza lokufuna isinxephezelo umonakalo. Kutinchubo civil, enano kungaba kokubili impahla kanye yomuntu ehlukile. Phakathi yokugcina - le indaba ecatshangwe esemthethweni ulwazi olungamanga, baxolise emphakathini, nokunye. Kodwa ngo kohlaka zobulelesi akusho kulungiswe udaba ukunxeshezelwa ngokwezimali.

isiqondiso zomthetho

Kumelwe kuvunywe ukuthi okwamanje iningi amathuluzi zomthetho, obhekene ukulungiswa sokuthakazelelwa, akusebenzi. Imibuzo umonakalo yezomnotho zidinga ucwaningo ekhethekile futhi ukulungisa esihlokweni ahlukene Code Civil yezwe. Esikhathini kohlaka izinguquko kungenzeka akulona engadingekile ukwenaba futhi amagama, okumele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanje Ukuvikelwa. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona namanje ayikho incazelo eqondile igama elithi "umonakalo wokuziphatha okuhle 'futhi ohambelana ukuhlolwa osemthethweni walo umqondo.

Okwamanje, abameli usebenze nencwadi ulwazi KaHulumeni ye Russian Federation kusukela ngo-1999. Kusukela ekukhishweni kwayo Sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kuka-15. Abaningi amalungiselelo kukhona alisasebenzi ezingokoqobo imvelo lanamuhla kwezomnotho. Izichibiyelo umthethonqubo noma lapho kwemukelwa khona insimbi elisha elingokomthetho kungaba inenzuzo umthetho wezwe lakithi futhi kuzosusa ukungezwani ezindabeni isinxephezelo ngoba umonakalo zokuziphatha.