Izikhangibavakashi e Iraq: i Uhlolojikelele, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Leli zwe, ugcwala ezinganekwaneni, iyona kwazalelwa yamandulo. ngomlando onezigigaba yezwe, isamba Amazing amasayithi lathumela, zenkolo nemivubukulo ukwenza Iraq yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu kule planethi yethu. Ngisho kwezenzakalo ezibuhlungu zangalolo emashumini eminyaka amuva zehlulekile ukuvimba ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha, nakuba manje akaseyona esimweni esihle.

Thola ezweni ezimibalabala, lapho yonke indaba - kungcono nezimpi eziningi, kunzima kakhulu, kodwa izinkumbulo uhambo kakhulu ngeke eziyohlala phakade.

Iraq: nokuzwa kanye nokwaziswa jikelele

I-Republic of Iraq, okuyinto ihlukaniswe yaba izifundazwe 16, eholwa umongameli. Le ndawo yezwe ingaphezu 441 ayizinkulungwane ^km2, ke yilona dolobha Baghdad. Elisemandleni isigodi phakathi iTigrisi ne-Ewufrathe emifuleni, Islamic State has zigcine ngobukhulu uwoyela okweshumi ngobukhulu ezifakwa amalahle zemvelo. Eziningi zazo Itholakala nakwezifudumele sezulu zone ohlobo yezwekazi kanye elishisayo nobusika efudumele. Ukuhlala ezweni lapho abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-31, ingaphansi komthetho sharia, futhi kufanele ucabangele ngokuvakashela ikhodi Muslim zokuziphatha.

Isimo, okungase usitshele impucuko eziphambili kanye nomlando wabo ocebile, namuhla isibe hot spot planethi. E-Iraq, izinto okuyinto azizange zisinde empini, futhi isimo sezombangazwe engazinzile uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngeshwa, akuyona yonke izikhumbuzo emlandweni futhi yokwakha bangahlangana khona, thina njengoba abaningi babhujiswa ekulweni. Sizogxila ezithakazelisa kakhulu futhi ethandwa phakathi sites izivakashi:

• Al-Askari Shrine.
• Ziggurat zenyanga unkulunkulu Nanna.
• Ithuna kwendodana Prophet Muhammad sika emthethweni.
• IBhabhiloni amanxiwa.
• Archaeological Museum.
• Golden Mosque.

Ukuhlupheka-Al-Askari shrine e Samarra

Uma kuziwa ezikhangayo esemqoka Iraq, ingasaphathwa-Al-Askari mosque, yisisulu emuva kwalesi sigameko. The main Shia shrine yezwe, eyakhiwa ngekhulu IX emzini Samarra, omunye ezikhangayo ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izivakashi. Mosque ngobukhulu, izikhathi eziningana kabusha, ivikelwe UNESCO futhi waqaphela njengoba gugu lesizwe ka Iraqis. Shrine, lapho amanga lo imams ezimbili, ezazidume ngokutshala Dome yayo yegolide mayelana 68 amamitha eliphezulu. Ngeshwa, ngenxa kwamaphekula ngo-2006, yena no-nemibhoshongo yabaseTurkey ezimbili abangu kulimala, kanye nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva kwenziwa phezu kweminyaka eminingana.

Manje Dome akuyona okunethezeka liphume, kodwa namanje ihlobisa cityscape. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi mosque enhle yaba yiyo eshayeka kanzima ngenxa yezenzo lempi, uyaqhubeka ukuheha-pilgrim egijimela ukukhothamela endaweni engcwele.

Ziggurat inyanga unkulunkulu Nanna at Uri

Iminyaka anamane amawaka BC esimweni lasendulo yayingesinye ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele ekuphileni okugcwele. Amaqaba esikhundleni abapristi, esiqhutshwa lapha imicikilisho yokusebenzelana magic kanye ababecabanga yezinkanyezi, ikhombisa isiko nesi - impucuko athuthukile, izimfihlo zazo akuzona evulekile kuze kube yilolu suku. I ziggurat, simulating entabeni, phansi inyanga unkulunkulu Nanna, ukwenza uhambo lwabo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku, lapho echaza izipho ezihlukahlukene.

Umbhoshongo omkhulu nge projection multi-uqimba, amathala, ababethi ngemibala ehlukene, kancane like the imibhoshongo baseGibhithe, phezu owawungumnyaka engcwele unkulunkulu. Abacwaningi ngimangaliswe yokuthi Iraq kuyinto eyingqopha esiyingqayizivele, eyakhelwe izitini abavamile obengama isamba okunjalo enkulu yesikhathi.

Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf

Omunye amathempelana ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni Muslim Yithuna we ngumkhwenyana of the Prophet Muhammad - Ali Ibn Abi Talib. Ekuqaleni, kwabonakala sengathi phezu ethuneni lakhe X leminyaka, kodwa ngokushesha mosque labhujiswa umlilo esibi, futhi eside walulama yayo. Kutholwe ku isikwele esemqoka yedolobha, kuba obalulekile izivakashi e-Iraq, okuyinto evakashela zezihambeli ukuhlonipha inkumbulo Imam. Kukhona inyuvesi owaziwa wanikeza emhlabeni abashumayeli abaningi futhi la madoda ayizifundiswa abenze iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni Islam.

Ngo-2004, emasontweni amathathu yabambana ngezihluthu phakathi Shiites esongela kuqhunyiswa ethempelini, futhi amabutho sokusebenzisana, kodwa shrine leSango Wegolide umkhatsi eyayibhalwe wahlupheka hhayi okungaka, futhi iminonjana kudutshulwa ebonakalayo olungaphambili lwesonto isikhumbuzo zenkolo kuphela.

emanxiweni aseBhabhiloni

Mhlawumbe akukho umuntu ongakaze ezwe yaseBhabhiloni nombhoshongo sidle. Amanxiwa omuzi wasendulo, kokuvela ezincwadini zomlando zenkolo, ungabona engamakhulu amakhilomitha kusuka eBaghdad - inhlokodolobha Iraq. Izikhangibavakashi (zemivubukulo), okusikhumbuza inkazimulo esidlule kwabakhileyo eMesophothamiya, ukuheha izivakashi ngubani dream bajwayelane dolobha okuthiwa lidala kunawo wonke emhlabeni lapho kwakukhona lo Hanging Gardens yaseBhabhiloni, izigodlo likaNebukadinesari nezinye izimangaliso zomhlaba.

izikhungo Ngokubabazekayo futhi enethonya elikhulu ngempucuko yasendulo, elele loMfula i-Ewufrathe, yayikhona kuze isikhathi lube khona awagcinwa inkosi yasePheresiya uKoresi. IBhabhiloni kade laphela, kodwa emanxiweni olunothile buthule ukutshela samandla umuzi waseBhabhiloni (ngakho-ke ubizwa ngokuthi Iraqis). Amanxiwa sezomlando nge izinsalela yokuhlala kaNebukhadinezari, umgwaqo asphalt, ziggurat yenkosi, Ishtar Gate yabakhanga abavubukuli ezivela emhlabeni wonke, kuba sobala ukuthi kwakukhona amathempeli ezingaphezu kuka-50 futhi amathempelana 300, bakhuleka onkulunkulu zendawo.

Namuhla, iyindawo ziyaphawuleka, wacabanga omkhulu lesikhumbuzo kwezemivubukulo sonke isikhathi nabantu ungavakashela daredevil ngamunye, onquma ukuhamba Iraq, kusale nombono ohlala njalo.

Wezezimali kuleli zwe

Lo muzi wasendulo, okuyinto kanye Kwakuyindawo eyinhloko eMesopotamiya, Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi umcebo real yezwe. Nedolobha elikhulu kunesithembiso lenqwaba izikhumbuzo, futhi phakathi kwabo kufanele ingasaphathwa Archaeological Museum - eqashelwayo izivakashi e-Iraq. iqoqo lakhe lelicuketse 10,000 zobuciko elingenakuqhathaniswa lo nesi, aseBabiloni kanye nezinye izitshalo, kuyophumela ohlotsheni injabulo yeqiniso bonke abathandi umlando. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu Museum ivaliwe izivakashi, kodwa namuhla seliphinde yakhoselisa zonke comers.

On oda kaMongameli wangaphambilini Hussein Al-Shaheed Isikhumbuzo elimiswe 1983, etholakala maphakathi ichibi lokwenziwa. Anikezelwe amasosha Iraq, liqukethe a Dome okusezingeni eliphezulu oluluhlaza, akhazimulayo elangeni. neengcezu yayo emibili phakathi lapho okuphakade ilangabi ukusha, offset komunye nomunye, futhi ngaphansi kwabo yizinga komhlaba Sekukhangisa, Museum kanye nomtapo.

Golden Mosque in Baghdad

Izivakashi sibhajwe lizwe bakhululekile ukuzinqumela ukuthi yini ukubona e-Iraq, kodwa ukudlula Golden Mosque in Baghdad bengayi. Lo muzi wasendulo is aminyene emangalisayo amagugu yezakhiwo, kodwa isakhiwo zomlando, ngokucebile ehlotshisiwe, futhi ikhanga emehlweni zezivakashi.

I gilt Dome wokwakha omangalisayo nemibhoshongo yabaseTurkey futhi eziphakeme ezahlukene ayisishiyagalombili zibabaza okunethezeka futhi ubukhulu. mosque zokungena ngaphakathi tile ezinemibala elilengayo walingisa nakwezenkolo lesikhumbuzo izindonga ahlotshiswe kwakunemibhalo eqoshiwe ohlotshisiwe eyenziwe iskripthi esihle Arabic. Ingaphakathi ethuneni, imams izivakashi abakwazi ukubona, ngoba yokufaka "okungalungile" akuvunyelwe nakancane, kangangokuthi bayophihlizwa ukujabulela isakhiwo, sengathi bavela Amakhasi i Oriental inganekwane, bekude.

Kulesi sihloko esiye sazama uqaphele Nokho, kwamakhamera ocingo ezikhangayo esemqoka Iraq, ukutshela mayelana zonke ezisithekileyo, idume izinto eziningi ukubona izwe, akunakwenzeka. Ngokuvamile, lapha beze abalandeli abahlupheka kakhulu kwe-adrenaline, kodwa futhi izivakashi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene Ungasavele ukukhokhela ukuvakashela izwe ongaqondakali futhi uthinte izimfihlakalo yamandulo.