Kanzulu sulfuric acid e ukukhiqizwa yezimboni

Izimpumelelo embonini chemical ezakha kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla namhlanje ukudala izinto ezintsha nezinto zokwakha, usebenzisa ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Esinye isibonelo kungaba bagxila sulfuric acid, okuyinto evame kakhulu embonini zamakhemikhali.

Sulfuric acid kokuba H2SO4 ifomula, uketshezi ngaphandle umbala Pancake ukungaguquguquki, okuyinto phezu ukufinyelela 10,4 ° C is iguqulwe ibe crystalline mass esiqinile. Kanzulu sulfuric acid iqukethe 96,4% SO4, kanye kwabantu bayo kuphezulu kakhulu futhi ifinyelela 1.87 g / cm, okuholela 1 ilitha undiluted sulfuric acid ukala mayelana 2 kg. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uma acid siphela emanzini, izinga lokushisa yayo kakhulu anda, kusukela ukusabela therein semali hydrates. Le mpahla emangalisayo is kabanzi ukwehlukanisa izinto ezihlukahlukene ngenxa lokushisa ukwanda kwamanzi hhayi kuphela, kodwa olunye uketshezi.

Kanzulu sulfuric acid ibuye isetshenziswe ukuqeda amagesi, ngoba uyakwazi ukuncela pair of uketshezi ezahlukene. Umkhiqizo ofanayo kungenxa charring kwezinye izinto eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi ama-carbohydrate, nabo acid. Iqiniso lokuthi carbohydrate aqukethe i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo okufanayo njengezinombolo H2SO4, okuholela contact yalezi izinto sulfuric acid iqoqa ngesikhathi carbohydrate wamanzi, wekhabhoni ikhishwe njengoba carbon uthuli.

Esikhathini ukukhiqizwa Umanyolo horticultural bagxila sulfuric acid, nezakhi ezithile zamakhemikhali okuyinto avumele ukusetshenziswa kwayo njengendlela agent omuhle oxidizing, liphindze lisho ukuba azixoshe nezinye acid oluyingozi kusukela nosawoti. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza umquba, ezifana superphosphate, ammonium sulfate nabanye. Ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo oxidative, isetshenziselwa namachibi kwazo zonke izinsimbi emi ilandelana phambi conjugation esiliva obanzi, kanjalo ukwakha ezimbili uchungechunge nosawoti - sulfate (uhlobo naphakathi) kanye hydrosulfates (uhlobo acid) ukuhlukanisa ester.

Sulfuric acid - uketshezi caustic kakhulu, nalo evala enobungozi. Umkhawulo izinga kuvunyelwe of H2SO4 umusi lokuhlushwa 1 mg / M3, lapho bonke abasebenzi ekubhekaneni sulfuric acid, nezingubo zokusebenza ekhishwe kanye izembatho zokuzivikela. Bagxila sulfuric acid, property okuyinto iyingozi kakhulu ukuba abantu ngaphandle ukuvikelwa, isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

- zezimboni zamagama organic;

- ukukhiqizwa izidakamizwa enquma;

- yokuhlanza imikhiqizo uwoyela;

- isikhumba umkhakha metal-sabasebenzi;

- ukukhiqizwa kwe udayi, epulasitikini, insipho nomjuluko nokunye.

Sulfuric acid ikhiqizwa izindlela ezimbili zezimboni - nokusetshenziswa othintana okuqinile (yelikhono), futhi usebenzisa oxides nitrogen (indlela oxide). Izinto zokusetshenziswa avame izenzo sulphur, kodwa sezinhlobo ezithile sulfuric acid ingasetshenziswa metal sulfides. Ngokuphakeme ezimbonini ekhiqizwa kanzulu sulfuric acid, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo: lobuchwepheshe, amafutha vitriol, net (ibhethri), oleum (anhydride) kanye nebhilidi.

Ekuphetheni, kufanele waphinda kugcizelelwe ukuthi sulfuric acid iwukuba caustic ezinobuthi 2 ingozi ekilasini. Lapho injected ngentukuthelo ephefumula acid ukusha akhiwa elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula, ephelezelwa ukukhwehlela enobudlova, okungase zibe ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, tracheitis , futhi laryngitis. Yingakho uma usebenzisa i-sulfuric acid ukunakwa okukhulu ikhokhelwa ngezinga eliphezulu ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi emiphumeleni elimazayo ketshezi futhi ingxenye ether yalolu ketshezi.