Ukudepha kwenkundla - kuyini?

Namuhla, izithombe seyande kangaka. Nokho, Kungashiwo kufanele kubhekwe uhlobo art. Nokho, ubuciko ayijwayelekile, ngoba kudinga hhayi lokusungula kuphela, umcabango, kodwa futhi izindlela.

A izithombe ngempela kakhulu kwezobuciko kungenziwa kuphela ikhamera ezinhle reflex. Akwanele nje ikhamera, kumelwe akuqonde. Futhi nangu nje futhi ewusizo ulwazi theory. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi wensimu, beso, kanye nenombolo diaphragmatic, ubude ebalulekile ukujula. Vele oluphethe imfundiso yokuziphendukela, ungasebenzisa ikhamera ngokugcwele.

imiqondo Basic izithombe

Ukuze ukuliqonda ngokunembile lokho ukudepha kwenkundla, udinga ukuqala ukuchaza imiqondo "ubude ebalulekile" futhi "beso". Singasho ukuthi ubude ebalulekile Ngokuyinhloko lens esikhiphekayo.

Ubude befokasi kuyinto ibanga phakathi indiza ye-matrix futhi isikhungo optical lens. Kulesi engela ethize kunqunywa ratio lens ubude ebalulekile ukuze matrix idayagonali. Ngenxa yalokho, emifushane ubude ebalulekile, i-engeli kwehlwaya ebanzi.

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini inombolo diaphragmatic, kudingeka siqonde lokho beso lens. Enkabeni yalo kunesikhala lapho ukukhanya sihamba. Ukuze ukuthi umgodi nhlobonhlobo, diaphragm senziwa izingqimba eziningana. Zokunciphisa amapuleti orifice kuyehla, kanti ukukhanya lens ageje kancane. Lapho ukuzalela kubo, ngokulandelana, ukukhanya lingena ngaphezulu.

Diaphragmatic inombolo efanayo - yisikali, okuyinto inhlukanozigaba kuya ububanzi we imbobo diaphragm. It is designated incwadi f. Okusho ukuthi, uma f inenani encane, diaphragm is kabanzi kudalulwe.

Manje thina uchaze ukuthi ukujula-ka-yasendle. Lokhu lebanga nombono ocacile izinto phambi isihloko ngemva kwaso. Njengoba kumele kube sobala kusukela definition, okuningi kuzoncika yini lentfo in focus.

Kusukela lokho ukujula wensimu kuncike?

Yiqiniso, i-photographer kubalulekile ukwazi yonke izici ezingenhla ikhamera, kanye bakwazi ukuphatha kwabo. Ukujula Kokuhlakanipha ensimini ingase yehluke kuye ngesistimu nemingcele eziningana. Into esemqoka yilokhu inquma sibalo, ke diaphragmatic inombolo noma ubukhulu diaphragms.

Ukuthembela kulokhu ithunzi elehlayo. Okungukuthi, isibalo diaphragmatic ngaphezulu, aba maningi ukudepha kwenkundla. Ungakwazi yini ukuwuzwa ngokwabo, nokwenza imifanekiso yezinto ezifanako at beso ezahlukene. Uma phrenic kuhlanganise f / 22, i-ukudepha kwenkundla mkhulu kunezinhliziyo at f / 8.

Abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi kulesi simo kungcono isithombe ngesikhathi beso esiphezulu ivaliwe, kodwa akuyona. Akukhona njalo ukuze uthole isithombe esihle kubalulekile ukuthi zonke izinto ezicacile. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma portrait sokudubula. Ngokuvamile i-portrait yimpumelelo kuyadingeka ukuthi lase anyakaza. It nje angatholakala ngokuvula beso ububanzi.

Noma kungase kube nezikhathi abangatholakali ngazo udinga ukugxila imininingwane eqondile ebusweni. Khona-ke futhi kusetshenziswa ngokudubula nge beso ezivulekile.

Futhi kuncike ukucaciseleka we beso lens, okungukuthi, inani eliphezulu ukukhanya okungaholela idlule kuwo. Ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukuqopha studio beso lens ukuthi abe-bandwidth maximal.

Uma uya ukuthatha izithombe emgwaqweni, nokukhanya omuhle zemvelo, awudingi ukuba uthenge le lens. Njengoba ukukhanya yemvelo ngempela ngokwanele ukuze uthole izithombe nge isithombe esicacile into.