Ubuzwe Avar: umlando, imvelaphi, amasiko

Ngezinye izikhathi abanye bethu ukuzwa ngalokhu ubuzwe njengenhlangano Avar. Hlobo luni isizwe - i Avars?

Kuyinto lalolo hlanga of eCaucasus abahlala empumalanga Georgia. Kuze kube manje, lesi sizwe selikhule ukuthi labantu kangaka enkulu Dagestan.

umsuka

Umsuka wegama Avars namanje uhlala ezingacacile kakhulu. Ngokusho zemihla ngemihla Georgian, ubuntu babo ubangelwa Hozoniha, owayeyinzalo yalo sikakhokho zabantwana Dagestan. Igama layo esikhathini esidlule, yayibizwa ngokuthi Avar Khanate - Khunzakh.

Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi eqinisweni Avars zazivela iCaspian Sea, imilenze Golova, kodwa akusekelwe yinoma yimuphi ubufakazi, kuhlanganise isizwe uqobo abazange bazibheke kunoma ubani kulezi zizwe. izifundo Nokho ziyaqhubeka ukuthola ukuxhumana phakathi Avars kanye Avars ngubani wasungula Kanagat, kuyilapho lemizamo Ungasingenisi umphumela efanele. Kodwa sibonga ukuhlaziywa kwezakhi zofuzo (kuphela umugqa umzali) singasho ukuthi lokhu ubuzwe (Avar) esiseduzane lwamaSlav kuka kuya ezinye izizwe laseGeorgia.

Okunye izinguqulo umsuka Avars futhi akusho ukucacisa, kodwa kuphela wayephambanisa ngenxa khona izizwe ezimbili ezahlukene, cishe igama elifanayo. Okuwukuphela kwendlela lokhu kubizwa yizazimlando nganoma yini, cishe ematfuba ukuthi igama lesisizwe wanika Kumyks, okuyinto abangela eziningi ukukhathazeka. Igama elithi "ingozi" e Turkic kusho "okwethusayo" noma "ukuba nenkani", ngokusho kwezinye izinkolelo lelo gama izidalwa wasenganekwaneni, unesiphiwo amandla angaphezu kwavamile.

Labo abamagama ubuzwe - Avar, ngokuvamile bazibiza ukuze ngokwabo babheka ezifanele: maarulaly, bezintaba ngisho "ophakeme".

Umlando wabantu

Izwe elalihlala Avars esikhathini kusuka V ukuze VI eminyaka. BC. e., okuthiwa Sarir. Lo mbuso enwetshiwe nasenyakatho Umncele nemizana of Alans futhi Khazars. Naphezu kwazo zonke izimo, ukudlala esivuna Sarir, isimo ezinkulu zezombangazwe kwaba kuphela X leminyaka.

Yize noma kwaba yiqembu ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, umphakathi kanye namasiko zezwe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kukhona yaqhakaza ezihlukahlukene obuciko nemfuyo. Sarir dolobha yaba umuzi Humradzh. Ikakhulukazi umehluko phakathi kokubusa ngempumelelo King ngokuthi izingozi. Umlando Avars ukhuluma abe umbusi nginesibindi kakhulu, futhi abanye ososayensi abakholelwa ngisho nokuthi igama livela egameni lakhe.

Emakhulwini amabili eminyaka kamuva esizeni Sarir Avar Khanate sekukhona - elinye lamalokishi eziqine, phakathi kwamanye amazwe zanikezelwa ezimele "umphakathi khulula". abameleli lokugcina wawuhlukunyezwe ezahlukene nokulwa umoya onamandla.

Inkathi Khanate Kwakuyisikhathi seziyaluyalu: njalo ngokomzwelo empini, ngemiphumela okwakukhona kulo incithakalo yokujama tsi. Nokho, izinkinga of Dagestan abantu united, nokubumbana yayo kuphela lwaqina. Isibonelo salokhu kwaba Andalalskoe impi akuvimbi, emini noma ebusuku. Nokho, le Highlanders baphumelele ngokusebenzisa ulwazi isimo sezwe kanye tricks ahlukahlukene. Laba bantu babe athishela kangangokuthi ngisho abesifazane, eliqhutshwa Isifiso sokulondoloza ikhaya labo nengxenye izimpi. Ngakho, singasho ukuthi lokhu ubuzwe (Avar) sakuzwa igama ilungelo, izakhamuzi esasiwafanele abangophakimpi we Khanate.

Ekhulwini XVIII, eziningi Khanate of eCaucasus naseDagestan wajoyina Russia. Labo ukuthi wayengafuni ukuphila ngaphansi kwejoka kungani umbuso waseRoma wawunamandla, ivukela lakhula laba eCaucasus impi, okuyinto eqhubeka isikhathi eside ngangezinsuku iminyaka engu-30. Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo umehluko engxenyeni Ngekhulu leminyaka elilandelayo yesibili Dagestan baba yingxenye Russia.

ulimi

ulimi siqu futhi iskripthi Avars baye basungula phakathi nesikhathi Caucasian Albania. Njengoba lokhu kwakubhekwa njengobufakazi isizwe esinamandla kakhulu ezintabeni, ngolimi lwakubo yasheshe at Emazweni angomakhelwane, ekubeni evelele. Namhlanje ulimi lomdabu ngoba ezingaphezu kuka-700 eziyinkulungwane. Abantu.

zezigodi Avar zihluke kakhulu futhi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu wasenyakatho nowaseningizimu futhi ngakho izikhulumi bomdabu ukuxhumana kanye nemikhakha ehlukene neze baqonde nomunye. Nokho, ukukhuluma northerners eduze kuyinsakavukela tetemibhalo, futhi yokuqonda lokho okushiwo yinkulumo ingxoxo kulula.

lokubhala

Naphezu Ukungena ekuqaleni we lokubhala Arabic, izakhamuzi izingozi, baqala ukusebenzisa kuphela ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Ngaphambi kwalokho, lisetshenziswa yayisekelwe Cyrillic zamagama, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX. kwanqunywa ukuba esikhundleni salo zesiLatini.

Namuhla, izenzo ezisemthethweni lokubhala, imidwebo afana yokubhala isiRashiya, kodwa iqukethe izinhlamvu 46 esikhundleni 33.

amasiko Avars

Injwayelo yokufuna ukuba abantu likubeka ngokucacile. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu okumelwe ihlonishwe ibanga: amadoda okwakwenqatshelwe asondela kakhudlwana abesifazane kuka amamitha amabili, kuyilapho yokugcina kufanele ugcine nengxenye ibanga. Kusebenza umthetho ofanayo kubantu abasha ukukhuluma asebekhulile.

Avars, njengoba kunjalo nangezinye izizwe Dagestan, kusuka ebuntwaneni ukugxilisa inhlonipho abadala hhayi kuphela ngeminyaka kodwa futhi by isimo senhlalo. Nomangabe ngubani "Ekhaya", njalo uya kwesokunene, nomyeni wakhe - phambi umkakhe.

Customs Avar izihambi beat wonke amarekhodi abathakazelelwayo. Ngokokulandisa, vizitor imibhoshongo phezu kwebutho, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla sakhe futhi yobudala kanye kungafika noma nini, ngaphandle akwazisa ke kusengaphambili. Umnikazi ekhaya uthatha umthwalo egcwele ye impilo nokuphepha Ukufika. Kodwa isivakashi ubophekile ukuba athobele imithetho ethile yokuziphatha evimbela ukwenza Inombolo yezenzo kungukuthi ezithathwe emphakathini wendawo.

Ngo ubuhlobo bomkhaya izinhloko amandla endlini ayikaze ezicindezelayo, abesifazane baba nendima indima eyinhloko esithombeni ekhuluma nezindaba eziningi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakunenzuzo ethile estrangement ophoqelelwe phakathi kwendoda nomkayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvumelana nemithetho, abanayo ukulala embhedeni ndawonye noma ikamelo uma indlu amakamelo amaningana.

Futhi, kwaba khona kuvinjelwe ukuxhumana phakathi amantombazane nabafana, ngakho Avar (okuyinto isizwe, esisanda kuxoxa ngazo) wavakashela darling endlini ukulishiya into ethile, ithathwa ngokuthi isicelo somshado.

ubuzwe Avar

Ngakho, singasho ukuthi Avars - isizwe kakhulu nge umlando wasendulo ocebile kanye namasiko elithakazelisayo, hhayi echazwe ngokugcwele kulesi sihloko. Lena farce nomqondo ovulekile kakhulu abantu ungazi indida, kodwa ngothando. Ziyakwazi ngokomzwelo kakhulu, ngakho lokuxhumana lomuntu siqu akudingekile ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni Avar yena, ukuxubha umqondo wakhe lokushisekela ubuzwe noma agudlisele nobuthakathaka obungokwenyama.