Ubani umthengi onengqondo?

Umthengi onengqondo nguye obani? Yiziphi izici anayo?

Ulwazi jikelele

Ake siqale sithole ukuthi imuphi ukuziphatha kwabathengi. Leli yigama lenqubo yokukhiqiza izidingo kubantu abakhetha izimpahla emakethe, ngokubheka izintengo zabo kanye nesabelomali somuntu siqu. Umthengi onokweqile ngumuntu (umthengi) emnothweni ongene ebuhlotsheni bezomnotho ngenhloso yokuqaphela izidingo zakhe ezingokwenyama nezingokomoya. Zonke izenzo zakhe zithatha isisindo sesisindo kanye nesisetshenziswa esihambisanayo sezimpahla. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi izidingo zethu zingenamkhawulo futhi ziyahlukahluka, futhi imali engenayo yomthengi inqunyelwe, kufanele ahlale ekhetha kusuka enani elikhulu lempahla ayinikeza emakethe. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi uzimisele ukuthenga imikhiqizo engcono kakhulu kuwo wonke ama-assortment atholakalayo.

Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha

Lapho inkinga yobuntu ifundwa, imiphumela yatholakala ngokusho komthombo womsebenzi noma yiziphi izidingo. Izidingo ezisebenzayo noma ezingokwengqondo noma ukungalungi kwesifundo esithile, into, umuntu ngamunye, iqembu lomphakathi noma umphakathi uholela eqinisweni lokuthi bafuna ukwanelisa izidingo. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezimali ezingenamkhawulo kubalulekile ukukhetha. Ukwanelisa izidingo zabo, umuntu ngamunye emakethe yezinsizakalo kanye nezimpahla uqondiswa yindlela yakhe yokuziphatha, isikhundla njengengxenye yomnotho nesimo sezomnotho esivelele. Ukuze ukwazi ukusho ukuthi umuntu ungumthengi onengqondo futhi unokuziphatha okufanele, kufanele enze izinqumo futhi athathe izinyathelo ezithathwe ngesisekelo sokuzikhethela uma kuqhathaniswa izinketho futhi ucabange ngezici ezihlukahlukene. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ukuze uthole isipho esinenzuzo futhi esengqondo ngokwakho. Umthengi onomqondo ongcono ukwandisa amandla okusebenza ngesikhathi sokuthinta ijika elinganandaba nomugqa wesabelomali . Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi unomkhawulo ngesimo semali engenayo. Maye, kodwa manje akukho mgomo wokunquma ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo engabhekwa njengento engcono kakhulu kumthengi ngamunye. Lokhu kukwenziwa kwenziwa ngombono obheke phansi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lo muntu uziphatha ngokweqile hhayi njalo.

Imfundiso yokuziphatha kwabathengi

Uyabheka abathengi abanomqondo walabo bantu abanezinga elilodwa lokukhetha futhi basebenze ngaphakathi kulo ngenzuzo enganiselwe. Umuntu onjalo uzama ukufeza izinga eliphezulu lokwaneliseka. Futhi ukulinganisa kulokhu kuwukuba uthole Umbuso omkhulu kakhulu ngenzuzo enganiselwe. Kodwa enhliziyweni yokuzikhethela umthengi ngaso sonke isikhathi isifiso somuntu sokunelisa noma esinye sezidingo zakhe. Izinkinga ezithile zenza ukuthi umuntu ngamunye abe nezintandokazi zakhe ezihlukile. Zifinyaniswa ngokufunwa kwemakethe. Ngalesi thuluzi, izifiso zabantu ziboniswa. Bangathonya isimo semakethe ngokuhlukanisa imali yabo engenayo phakathi kwezinsizakalo ezahlukene kanye nezimpahla. Intengo nomthamo wokunikezwa kwemikhiqizo emakethe kuncike kakhulu kumthengi.

Inkululeko yokuzikhethela

Okokuqala, ake sibone ukubaluleka kobukhosi bomthengi. Leli yigama lekhono lomthengi ohlangene lokuthonya abakhiqizi ngokukhetha okukhululekile kwezimpahla emakethe kuzo zonke ezethulwa. Lokhu kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni kwezomnotho. Uma kunqunyelwe, kuzodingeka kube nokusetshenziselwa ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla ezithile nokukhiqizwa kwazo. Ekugcineni, lokhu kungaholela enkingeni. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezinqubo ezimbalwa zomphakathi wanamuhla oholela ekuphazamiseni inkululeko yokuzikhethela:

1. Umphumela wokulingisa. Lesi yisimo lapho umthengi elandela iningi labantu.
2. Umphumela we-snob. Kulesi simo, umthengi ufuna ukuphuma endaweni yakhe.
3. Umphumela wokubonisa ukuphela. Kulesi simo, kucatshangwa ukuthi umuntu ngokuqhubekayo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa okudumile.

Ukusebenzisa

Ake sikhulume ngalolu mgomo nokubaluleka kwalo kuhlaka lokuzikhethela mahhala. Utility yindlela ethile yokwaneliseka, okuhlinzekwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithile. Futhi uma kunjalo, okuncane kuzoba umphumela. Kusukela kulo mbono, ukusetshenziswa komkhawulo wemikhiqizo ethile kunesithakazelo. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa umkhiqizo ngobuningi obukhulu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngeke unelise umuntu. Kodwa emva kwesikhathi esithile, uzobuyisela izindawo zakhe. Inkolelo yombuso wezinto ezisemkhatsini usho ukuthi kungcono kanjani ukusabalalisa izimali zabo ukugcwala ngokugcwele izidingo ezikhona lapho kukhona khona izinsizakalo ezinganiselwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imingcele ekubalweni inesithakazelo kuphela kumongo wezidingo zabantu ezizithobayo. Ngamanye amazwi - umuntu ngamunye uyoba nomkhiqizo wakhe ngesamba esithile. Isibonelo, ungathatha indoda elambile kanye nesitsha sesobho. Inzuzo enkulu kakhulu kuyoba yingxenye yokuqala yokudla. Isitsha sesibili sesobho sizobe singasetshenziswa kancane. Kusukela kwesithathu angakunqaba, ngoba uzokwaneliseka.

Imithetho kaGossen

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili kuphela:

1. Umthetho wokunciphisa ubunikazi bokusekela. Uthi kumongo wesenzo esisodwa esiphuthumayo sokusebenzisa, iyunithi ngayinye elandelanayo iletha ukwaneliseka okungenani ngevolumu engashintshi yayo yonke into.
2. Ukubusa kwe-maximization ye-utility. Ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu kunani elithile lezinzuzo, kufanele linikezwe ngesamba esithile, uma usizo oluseceleni lwaso luyoba okufanayo kubo bonke.

Izici

Umthengi onokweqile ukhetha iphuzu lokuxhumana emgqeni wesabelomali, ephezulu kunabo bonke abaphikisanayo ababa khona. Ukubusa kokukhulisa inzuzo yukuthi imali engenayo yomthengi kufanele ihanjiswe ngendlela yokuthi ngamunye usebenzise imali esetshenziselwa umkhiqizo noma isevisi iletha izinga elifanayo lokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele silwele ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ake sibuke lesi sici ngokuningiliziwe ngokusibonelo. Umthengi unezinhlamvu ezingu-12. Uhlinzekwa ngempahla emibili: A no B. Ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kubiza ama-ruble angu-1.5, kanti eyesibili - iyodwa yunithi yezimali. I-A isebenzise iminyaka engu-4.5, kuyilapho uB kungu-9. Ekugcineni umphumela, ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo oluhle kuzodingeka uthenge izimpahla ezingu-6 A, no-3 - B. Cabanga ngezici ezilandelayo:

1. Imali engenayo.
2. Izintandokazi nokuthanda.
3. Inani lentengo namasevisi.

Isiphetho

Kungenxa yomuntu ngamunye ukuba abe ngumthengi onengqondo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinombolo zezici lokhu akuzona njalo ngokoqobo. Njengesiqiniseko, singacabangela umphumela wokulandiswa okukhulunywe ngaphambilini. Ake sibone isibonelo: wonke umuntu kufanele adle kahle. Khona-ke umzimba wakhe uzokwazi ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele imisebenzi yayo futhi uzophikisa kakhulu izifo ezihlukahlukene, ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka njalonjalo. Kodwa manje ungakwazi ukugcina lesi simo uma umuntu ekhetha ukuthola "isimo" into, ngenxa yalokho abe nesimo esinzima sezezimali. Futhi ingafinyelela ezingeni elizodinga ukulondoloza ngokuphawulekayo ukudla, okuzoholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene yempilo enzima.