Transverse kanye longitudinal amagagasi

Sonke ujwayelene tichasiso "longitudinal" futhi "transverse". Futhi hhayi nje ujwayelene, futhi ngenkuthalo uwasebenzise ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kodwa uma kuziwa namagagasi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi - emoyeni ketshezi, ndaba okuqinile noma amasimu kagesi, ngokuvamile imibuzo eminingana. Ngokuvamile, abezwa izwi "transverse namagagasi longitudinal," umuntu ovamile igagasi sine. Ngempela, izinhlekelele ezibangelwa oscillatory emanzini futhi kubukeka kanjalo nakho ekuphileni ulunika ukusikisela. Eqinisweni, emhlabeni kuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ezihlukahlukene: Bukhona njengoba amagagasi longitudinal futhi transverse.

Uma kunoma iyiphi naphakathi (ensimini, igesi, uketshezi, ndaba okuqinile) oscillations zenzeka, ngokudlulisela amandla kusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye ngesilinganiso sincike izakhiwo medium, bebizwa amagagasi. Ngenxa yokuthi akukho kunyakaza okusakazwa owavele ngiyontengantenga isigaba ngesikhathi yokuqalisa futhi banye ngokuya ziyahlukahluka nge ibanga kusuka umthombo. Into ebalulekile okufanele njalo zikhunjulwe: nokudluliswa energy ngokusebenzisa kunyakaza izinhlayiya ngokwabo ezakha imvelo kungukuthi wathutha, begodu ahlale enokulinganisela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma sicabanga inqubo kabanzi, kuyacaca ukuthi banga akulona izinhlayiya elahliwe futhi iqembu labo, bagxila nomqulu iyunithi. Lokhu kungafanekiswa nge intambo abavamile: uma omunye ekupheleni fixed kanye nezinye ukukhiqiza undulations (kunoma iyiphi indiza), okungenani amagagasi zenzeka intambo impahla lingabulewe, oluzokwenzeka uma izinhlayiya ukuhambisa e oyiyo.

amagagasi longitudinal kukhona isici kuphela abezindaba gaseous ne liquid, kodwa esiphambanweni - futhi ukudla okuqinile. Okwamanje, ngezigaba ekhona uhlukanisa zonke perturbation vibrational ngemacembu lamatsatfu: kagesi, uketshezi futhi nokunwebeka. Lesi sakamuva, njengoba ungase ukuqagela kusuka igama, sibangela nokunwebeka (okuqinile) ezindaweni, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi lokukhanda.

amagagasi longitudinal zenzeka lapho izinhlayiyana naphakathi oscillate, sokuqondiswa kanye vector esiphelweni ka ngesiphazamiso. Isibonelo buhlungu ekupheleni induku metal obukhulu into omkhulu. amagagasi transverse asakaze ohlangothini perpendicular imiphumela vector. Umbuzo esinengqondo: "Kungani-ke amagagasi longitudinal kuphela kungavuka amagesi kanye nabezindaba uketshezi"? Incazelo ilula: isizathu salokhu ukuthi izinhlayiya akha medium idatha Ungahambisa ngokukhululekile, njengoba hhayi isandla fixed, kunokusebenza ukudla okuqinile. Ngakho, kunyakaza transverse ngokuyinhloko engenakwenzeka.

Lokhu okungenhla kungenziwa washayelwa ngendlela ethé ukuhluka kancane: uma imvelo yakho ukusonteka okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kubonakala njengendlela shift, ukungezwani futhi kokucindezelwa, sikhuluma okuqinile, okuyiwona kungenzeka kokubili amagagasi longitudinal futhi transverse. Uma ukubukeka shift akunakwenzeka, ke yokukubhala iyiphi.

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile kukhona longitudinal amagagasi kagesi (thunga). Yize kona kwakuthiwa lutho kuvimbela okuvela iyehla iyenyuka esinjalo, isayensi olusemthethweni ophika khona kwabo kwemvelo. Isizathu, njengoba kwenzeka njalo, ilula: electrodynamics yesimanje, isekelwe esimisweni sokuthi amaza kagesi kungaba cross. Ukunqatshwa umbono onjalo emhlabeni Kwakuyohlanganisani kubukezwe izinkolelo eziningi eziyisisekelo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, kukhona izincwadi eziningi imiphumela ucwaningo, cishe efakazela ukuba khona thunga. Lokhu ngokungaqondile ibonisa ukuthola omunye isimo ndaba lapho, eqinisweni, kungenzeka ukuveza le amagagasi hlobo.