The main izisusa lyric Pushkin. Izihloko kanye motifs ka Pushkin sika isosha esihlatshelelwayo

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin - a abaziwa umhlaba wonke imbongi, umbhali, umlobi, umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini nomcusumbuli etemibhalo - wehlela emlandweni hhayi kuphela njengoba umbhali we imisebenzi ongenakulibaleka, kodwa futhi njengoba umsunguli ulimi olusha Russian etemibhalo. Ngesikhathi kukhulunywa nje ka Pushkin ngokushesha kuphakamisa isithombe bendabuko Russian imbongi kazwelonke. Poet Pushkin - i ubuhlakani wonke amazwe omhlaba, imisebenzi yakhe isichazamazwi esiyingqayizivele, lesithombe izinkondlo zakhe libanzi ngokuphelele esiyingqayizivele, kungokwemvelo nefilosofi ukujula ingxenye iziteleka yakhe izinkondlo futhi uyasijabulisa abafundi kuzo zonke izizwe, kuzo zonke izizukulwane. Kodwa nokho, ke kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile amazwi Pushkin, ogama yizinhlobonhlobo nezithombe kuze kube manje wafunda hhayi ngokugcwele.

Flavour of amazwi Pushkin

Lyrics of Pushkin - kuyinto yomlando wakhe asankondlo parallel nalokhu indaba yokudala nsuku zonke futhi ukuphila ezingokomoya zalabo ophakathi kwabo izikhathi ezikude. Ethi The War of 1812-th futhi ukuvukela kwezinceku Decembrists 1825, serfdom namaphupho mayelana "inkululeko ongcwele", abathandekayo, abangane kanye izitha, "ngezikhathi ezinhle" wokuphila kanye nokudabuka kanye "ukudabuka izinsuku ezedlule" - lezi zonke izikhathi elotshiwe kubonakala evesini Pushkin sika , izincwadi, elegies, yezinganekwane olusankondlo, iculo, epigrams. Futhi zonke lezi izindikimba kanye motifs ka Pushkin sika isosha esihlatshelelwayo ngakho ngokuphelele efanelekayo inhlanganisela ngumlobi, ukuthi engazizwa amaphaphu kancane noma dissonance ekufundeni yemisebenzi yakhe. Kuyinto ubunye esingakhulumekiyo kwangaphakathi zezinkondlo Pushkin sika kakhulu ngokunembile futhi ngokunembile ichazwe Belinsky: "Lonke ukunambitheka lyrical kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinkondlo of Pushkin - ubuhle komuntu kwangaphakathi futhi esintwini, ofudumeza umphefumulo."

Love izinkondlo Pushkin

Love izinkondlo Pushkin ngokufanele ngokuthi "i-encyclopedia lothando nakho." It yokuhlala anhlobonhlobo imizwa: kusukela enhle futhi othakazelisayo kusukela ukuvakashelwa okokuqala unamahloni ukuze ukukhungatheka ngokuphelele isizungu ezibhuqiwe izinkanuko komphefumulo. Love in amazwi Pushkin ihlukile kakhulu. Lowo muzwa ephelele, okuyinto kuphakamisa le umphefumulo wanoma yimuphi umuntu, futhi nje yokuzilibazisa okungahleliwe, ngokungazelelwe okubonakala, kodwa nje njengoba zidlula masinyane, nesifiso esivuthayo, ephelezelwa ukuqhuma mona bhongo. The main izisusa lyric Pushkin love indaba ephathwayo - uthando lula, omdala futhi umuzwa ezinengqondo, uthando, umhawu ubuhlungu, ubuhlungu nokudumala.

Inkondlo "Ngiyakhumbula isikhashana emangalisayo ..."

Akwaziwa inkondlo Pushkin "Ngiyakhumbula isikhashana emangalisayo ..." umbhali wabhala esikhathini reference Mikhailovsky. Ngokwesiprofetho, la mazwi abhekiswe Anna Petrovna Kern. Pushkin embona okokuqala eSt ngo-1819, wathwalwa yiwo. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha, wahlangana naye futhi ngaleso omakhelwane, kulendawo Trigorskoe emzaneni lapho Anna seza anti wakhe. Umuzwa uthando emphefumulweni imbongi sika Kwagqashuka ngomfutho ovuselelwe. Ngaphambi kokushiya Anna ne Trigorskoe Pushkin wamnika ucezu eligoqiwe ka lamanothi e ezine. Eyayembuleka ke, u-Ana wabona emigqeni olusankondlo, okuyinto kamuva iyoba ngobuciko izinkondlo Russian phakade akhazimulise igama lakhe.

Isakhiwo compositional nkondlo

Lyrical indaba ephathwayo ikhombisa eyisisekelo mlando oluchaza ubudlelwane Pushkin futhi Kern, lapha luyisisusa eyinhloko izinkumbulo amazwi Pushkin. inkondlo Compositionally uhlukaniswe ezintathu ezihlukene ku semantic ingxenye izingxenye zalo. Ngamunye wabo, esikhundleni salokho, siqukethe quatrains ezimbili - quatrains sinye. Ingxenye yokuqala hero lyrical uyakhumbula "umzuzwana emangalisayo" lapho ebona owesifazane onomzimba futhi sathandana nalo kuze kube phakade. Esikhathini yesibili echazwe iminyaka esayichitha sihlukene - "cha unkulunkulu futhi akukho lilulaka." Eyesithathu - umhlangano entsha abathandi, kubheduke entsha izinzwa lapho "nonkulunkulu, futhi ugqozi, futhi ukuphila, nangezinyembezi, futhi uthando." Ngokuba ukuthanda le nkondlo lyric hero - lokhu kuyisimangaliso kweqiniso, njengencwadi evela kuNkulunkulu. Yilokho indlela ayezizwa ngayo imbongi Pushkin ngalezo zinsuku, kwaba le umuzwa kilo ke, futhi waphila ngokuvumelana nayo ngaphandle emuva.

Inkondlo "nginithandile ..."

Enye inkondlo yakhe edumile, "nginithandile ..." Pushkin wabhala ngo-1829 kanye layo ngomunye futhi umsebenzi wobuciko - "Yini igama ..?". Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi ayebhalwe albhamu Carolina Sobanskaya, lapho imbongi lwalulude futhi Umthanda ngenhliziyo yonke. Isici esiphawula leli vesi, "nginithandile ..." wukuthi umqondo lyrical ngakho idluliselwa emifushane kakhulu, aphoristic kodwa okumangalisayo futhi umxhwele. Enkondlweni, cishe awekho izingathekiso, izithombe ezifihliwe, polysyllabic, ukusika indlebe yakhe epithets ukuthi ngokuvamile izimbongi wesikhathi kuvezwa imizwa yakhe othandekayo wakhe. Nokho, umfanekiso uthando ephakama ngaphambi umfundi imigca enkondlweni, egcwele magic nento zezinkondlo, ukudabuka engavamile ukukhanya. Umvuthwandaba umsebenzi, khomba motifs eziyisisekelo izinkondlo Pushkin endaweni love indaba ephathwayo, kukhona imigqa emibili yokuphetha. Kuzo imbongi kungaqali limane lithi "walithanda ngobuqotho, ninobubele ngakho," kodwa futhi ufuna into simthande ale ndoda enjabulo esidlule ne amagama amasha akhethwe, "indlela uNkulunkulu Ningashumayeli okumelwe athandwe."

Landscape izinkondlo of Pushkin

Nature bekulokhu i ongashi mthombo ngoba Pushkin. Ngo izinkondlo zakhe kubonakala izithombe eziningi izithombe imvelo nesimo sezulu, izikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka, lapho imbongi wayemthanda kakhulu ekwindla. Pushkin wazibonisa yinkakha imininingwane landscape, umculi namathafa isiRashiya, emakhoneni olunothile eCrimea ne eCaucasus kweqiniso. Tingcikitsi main, Motifs zezinkondlo Pushkin sika uhlale, ngandlela-thile, "ohlanganiswe" nobunjalo ezizungezile. Wayecabanga ngalaba imbongi njengenhlangano ezimele ukubaluleka yobuhle, okuyinto okuncomekayo, kodwa iningi landscape izinkondlo Pushkin esakhiwe ngesimo ukuqhathanisa izithombe bemvelo ukuphila komuntu izimo. izithombe Yemvelo ngokuvamile i-contrast noma, kunalokho, bavumelane ihambisana imicabango nezenzo hero lyrical. Njengetshe ophilayo isizinda yobuciko izithombe bemvelo e imbongi lyric. Kusebenza njengomnyombo uhlamvu esankondlo amaphupho akhe, izifiso, walivikela izindinganiso zabo ezingokomoya.

Inkondlo "Ukuze Yasolwandle"

Lokhu inkondlo , Pushkin waqala ukuloba ngo-1824 e-Odessa, ngokwazi kakade mayelana isixhumanisi sakho esisha Mikhailovskoye, lapho kamuva igcwaliswe futhi ukusebenza enkondlweni. Izisusa eyinhloko amazwi Pushkin, okuyinto has a ukuma zemvelo, njalo kuyahambisana - into yemvelo kanye imizwa nemizwelo imbongi. Enkondlweni "Ukuze Yasolwandle" yokuvalelisa expanses ulwandle uba isisekelo kuveza imbongi sika lyrical yenhlekelele ezizokwehlela abantu, ngamandla ebulalayo ukuthi unakho phezu kwezimo zomlando. Sea, isici yayo mahhala imbongi liwuphawu inkululeko, lihlotshaniswa izibalo sabantu ababili, egade kuziinkhulu sembubhiso futhi samuntu kwamandla omuntu. Lona amandla izimo esiphuthumayo wokuphila ibonakala njengoba eqinile futhi khulula njengoba element ulwandle. It kukaNapoleon Byron, nabo Pushkin yena eliqhathanisa. Lokhu izinkumbulo motif e amazwi Pushkin, lapho libhekisela wayeyisazi wamuka, sizalwa nawo eziningi izinkondlo zakhe. Geniuses seziphelile, nxi of imbongi iyaqhubeka zonke inhlekelele yalo.

Ubushiqela nemfundo - ukungqubuzana enkondlweni

Enkondlweni, ngaphezu Motifs zemvelo, imbongi iletha imiqondo emibili: unya nemfundo. Njengezinye romantics angaleso sikhathi, Pushkin emsebenzini wakhe kusho ukuthi impucuko ngokusungula isimiso esisha imfundo, ngesikhathi esifanayo bonakalise engokwemvelo nangobuqotho ebuhlotsheni babantu elula, iphethwe yi- lokho okushiwo inhliziyo. Ukusho goodbye kuya isici zasolwandle khulula futhi enamandla, Pushkin sengathi bathi goodbye kuya nenkathi romantic yomsebenzi wakhe, okuyinto eza esikhundleni nombono ongokoqobo ngezinto. izisusa Freedom athanda amazwi Pushkin ngokuya kubaneka emisebenzini yakhe kamuva. Futhi ngisho noma ekuqaleni kubonakala ukuthi core ewumgogodla nkondlo landscape, incazelo zemvelo, kubalulekile ukufuna incazelo efihliwe exhunywe benesifiso imbongi ukukhulula esifisweni sabo inkululeko, elulele amaphiko kwakho ugqozi ngokugcwele, ngaphandle kokwesaba futhi enganakile ngesikhathi ukucwaninga okuqinile eyisihlubuki izikhathi.

izinkondlo yefilosofi Pushkin

Pushkinskaya zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo yokuhlala kuvisisa imbongi Eqinisweni elingukungaboli yokuphila komuntu iyisikhathi esingakanani: injongo yokuphila, ukufa kanye iphakade, okuhle nokubi, impucuko futhi nemvelo, indoda kanye nomphakathi, umphakathi kanye nomlando. Indawo ebalulekile kungokwalabo themes ubungani (ikakhulukazi izinkondlo elalinikezelwe Lyceum comrades), ukuzinikela izimiso zobuhle ubulungiswa (ezincwadini azibhalela yangaphambili abafundi lyceum nabangane, le Decembrists), ukuzithoba, ukuhlanzeka nobudlelwane zokuziphatha (evesini, ecabanga injongo yokuphila, umndeni futhi abantu eduze imbongi). Motifs zefilosofi ezihambisana imbongi lyric, kulapho ngokuvamile, omdala efika. Ejulile amavesi philosophically lokugcina Pushkin, yalotshwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Thanda imbongi, ilindele ngokumuka kwakhe wesaba nedodumal ubungazishongo futhi nedochuvstvovat abafisa ukudlulisela inzalo yabo bonke yena ngaphandle Reserve.

izinkondlo Civic ka Pushkin

izingqikithi yombango amazwi Pushkin kwembulwe izisusa uthando wezwe, ngokusebenzisa umqondo sibe nokuziqhenya ngobuzwe baso e esidlule yayo mlando ngokusebenzisa umbhikisho eqinile ngokumelene autocracy futhi serfdom, esongela inkululeko bomdabu yomuntu njengomuntu. Izisusa eziyinhloko lyric Pushkin orientation zomphakathi - lena isihloko inkululeko futhi kwamandla omuntu kwangaphakathi. Freedom akuyona kuphela zezombusazwe, ukukhonza benemibono engcono komphakathi, ngokusekelwe ezimisweni ukulingana kanye nobulungiswa benhlalo, kodwa futhi enkululeko kwangaphakathi lomuntu ngamunye, okungekho muntu ongaphunyuka kuso asuse. Isakhi esiyinhloko izinkondlo izifundo civil - ahlulelwa ababusi zonke izinhlobo kokugqilazwa womuntu, eklabalasa enkululeko yangaphakathi, ubuntu, esizibonakalisa esimweni ecacile futhi baqondiswe izimiso zokuziphatha, ukuzethemba kanye unembeza unsullied.

Isihloko imbongi kanye izinkondlo

Ngaphezu izisusa civil nezenzo zenkolo ezinyantisayo amazwi Pushkin. Leso sikhashana yokungabaza kwangaphakathi disorder ezingokomoya imbongi yakhetha le ndlela. Kufana isakhi Christian eduze eduze kakhudlwana ukuba umbono izwe labantu. A uhlobo synthesis zefilosofi isosha esihlatshelelwayo futhi umsindo yizinkondlo civil on isihloko imbongi kanye izinkondlo. Iyini injongo kanye nencazelo lyric kakhulu imbongi sika - lawa imibuzo emibili esemqoka ukuthi iqale zibona on izinkinga indawo Pushkin futhi indima imbongi emphakathini, inkululeko zezinkondlo, ubuhlobo baso uhulumeni futhi unembeza wakhe. Isiqongo zezinkondlo Pushkin sika on isihloko imbongi kanye izinkondlo, kwaba inkondlo, "Ngiye yamisa lesikhumbuzo ngokusoka okungenziwanga ngezandla ...". Lo msebenzi wawubhekwa abhalwe 1836 futhi ngesikhathi impilo Pushkin lingekho. Isihloko kanye ngabanye ngesakhiwo Motifs izinkondlo Pushkin sika angasuselwa edumile imbongi engumRoma u ODE Horace sika "Ukuze Melpomene". Kusukela okufanayo Pushkin wathatha epigraph emsebenzini wakhe: «Exegi monumentum» ( «ngiye yamisa lesikhumbuzo").

Umlayezo nezizukulwane ezizayo

The main izisusa lyric Pushkin ngalezo zikhathi - umyalezo abameleli izizukulwane ezizayo. Ngokwemvelo yabo, le nkondlo "Mina ngiyindlela wakha isikhumbuzo ngokusoka okungenziwanga ngezandla ..." uhlobo itestamente olusankondlo, equkethe ukuzethemba imbongi, iminikelo yakhe kumphakathi nenzalo. Value, okuzodingeka izinkondlo zalo ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezizayo, Pushkin ngokomfanekiso siphathelene lesikhumbuzo owanyukela ngaphezulu "Alexandria Insika '. Alexander Ikholomu - isikhumbuzo elivamile ne waseRoma uPompey ngo-Alexandriya, eGibhithe, kodwa ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko umfundi ke ukuba lesikhumbuzo ukuze uMbusi u-Alexander, elakhiwa e-St Petersburg ngesimo isigxobo okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukwahlukanisa izisusa eyinhloko amazwi Pushkin

ibonisa ngokucacile kakhulu izisusa main lyric Pushkin Ithebula elingezansi:

Lena kuphela incazelo jikelele izihloko ezisemqoka imbongi omkhulu. Njalo izisusa olulodwa lyric Pushkin ithebula ayikwazi ihlanganise ngakho abaningi emaceleni futhi zonke omboze izinkondlo buchopho. Abagxeki abaningi etemibhalo bayavuma ukuthi Pushkin ngamunye siqu sakhe, ngamunye uthola-facets omusha we umsebenzi wakhe. Ragela phambili ubale ukuthi imbongi, ukukhuluma kumarekhodi akhe mayelana nesifiso ezikwenze waba umfundi eziningi imizwelo, bamenze acabange, qhathanisa, nakho futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, bazizwa.