Syndrome kwemizwa: izinhlobo, incazelo, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

ukuphila okuphelele umuntu kuncike kakhulu impilo ubuchopho noma isimiso sezinzwa. Ngakho-ke, iziphi izifo lezi zitho zomzimba kuthiwa wazizwa izimpawu ocacile ngezinye izikhathi ezinzima. Elinye iqembu zalezi zinkinga kukhona syndromes zezinzwa. Kufanele sinake, ngenxa yendlela ebukeka ngayo ibonisa ukuthuthukiswa izinqubo ngokwanele enobungozi Ezingalapheki.

zezinzwa syndrome

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini kithi kusengozini, kumelwe ukubhekana neqiniso a ukuthi onjalo syndrome njengoba enjalo. Lenchazelo isetshenziselwa ukuchaza iqoqo izimpawu, nge ukubonakaliswa okufanayo. Leli gama ivumela lokwenza ukuxilongwa esinembile futhi ukukhanya. Ngamanye amazwi, igama elithi "syndrome" isetshenziselwa ukuchaza iqembu izimpawu kunokuba umuntu othize.

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi amagama akuyona njalo lolufanele kuchaza lesi sifo, kusukela yokugcina zingahlangana syndromes eziningana. Ngakho ukunquma isimo isiguli abanekhono ngokuvamile badinga ulwazi oluphakeme okusezingeni eliphezulu nesipiliyoni.

iqembu Key

Uma ulihlola main syndromes zezinzwa ke uzophawula ukuthi abanye babo ezifanayo, bese ke kuhlangene ngezigaba ezithile. Eqinisweni, sikhuluma amaqembu ezintathu ezivame kakhulu:

- vestibular syndrome. Lokhu kusho uma iphazamiseka ahlukahlukene ebuchosheni. Symptomatology kulokhu kukhanye kakhulu, ngakho ukudida nalawa amanye ama-okuwukubonakaliswa kunzima kakhulu. Izimpawu main kungaba azimisele ukunyakaza isiyezi.

- syndrome zezinzwa elihlobene ne uhlelo zemisipha. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu ukukhubazeka. Imbangela ezivame kakhulu ezinjengenkinga ukukhubazeka, unhlangothi kuba, nakuba kuholele isimo esinjalo can novendle.

- Ubuhlungu. Leli qembu ingatholakala iziguli ezingaphezu kuka abanye. Izimpawu yalo mkhakha zihluke sebuhlungwini obunzima. Njengoba isibonelo, kunengqondo ukuletha neuralgia emsipheni, okubangela ubuhlungu obunzima emhlane nasekhanda.

- Ukwandiswa ingcindezi intracranial ngenxa izinhlobo ezahlukene iziyaluyalu zezinzwa.

Syndromes esemncane

Izingane kanye nabantu abadala, basengozini ezihlukahlukene nezifo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, odokotela kufanele ubhekane syndromes ezahlukene futhi esimweni kweziguli amaqembu isencane.

Ngokuphathelene amaqembu athile izimpawu, bungokulandelayo:

1. syndrome spastic. Uma ingane ikhishwa ukuquleka, kungase kusho yokuthi nolokubhujiswa izicubu nobuchopho ukushukuma izingxenye ngabanye zobuchopho. Kuye engu-a syndrome zezinzwa kungenziwa owabonakaliswa generalized nokuquleka nemilenze, iso futhi ezicutshini ebusweni. Kufanele futhi wazi ukuthi ngokwabo ngqo nokuquleka kungenzeka clonic kanye tonic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uthwebule umzimba wonke, noma ezihambayo kusuka kwenye ingxenye kwelinye. isimo esinjalo. ngezinye izikhathi zihambisana nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula, ukudedelwa umchamo noma sezinyawo nolimi okuhlabayo.

2. Umthelela tserebrastenicheskom syndrome. Isizathu esiyinhloko isimo esinjalo okusheshayo Neuro-kwengqondo ukukhathala okuholele ekubeni amaza kagesi ezinzima ngokomzimba noma okwengqondo. Kungenzeka isifo, ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka ezahlukene nemizwelo. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho kungukuphula ikhono zezingane lokuxhaphaza izinto futhi ukuqhuba imisebenzi yokudlala. Iphinde uhlala ingozi ukuntengantenga ngokomzwelo. Lwathi luphela usuku izimpawu ungakwazi ukwandisa.

3. Inkinga nomfutho wegazi ophezulu-hydrocephalic syndrome. Kubonakala ngenxa lenyuka ingcindezi intracranial, kulandele ukunwetshwa izikhala skull yotshwala ngenxa yokuthi bandisa esiningi ngokweqile uketshezi. Manifest iqembu ezifanayo zimpawu zingase zithathe isikhathi njengoba ukukhula ikhanda sithuthukiswe, bulging fontanelle, futhi iphimbo.

4. Lesi sifo ka hyperexcitability. Le nkinga yenza ngokwayo wazizwa ngokusebenzisa ukubonakaliswa ezifana ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukungazinzi ngokwezomnotho ngokomzwelo futhi ukungahlaliseki. Ngemva udokotela kungayilungisa ngisho wehlise kokuquleka nombundu, ukunyakaza okungafanele ukwandisa excitability reflex.

Isifo sokukhathala okungamahlalakhona: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Uphawu ukhiye elikhombisa isifo yansukuzonke noma ngokuphikelela isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ukutubeka. Futhi njengoba ngangihlale ngiyingcuba ngokomzimba kanye kwengqondo.

Ekhuluma ifomu yansukuzonke, kuyafaneleka yokuthi ezilandelayo: kungaba kube kukhulu kangangokuthi uzokubusa ngokucacile izimpawu eyayihambisana nalo. Inkinga lapha itholakala lokuthi ukuthi yilesi sifo asikwazi neutralized esebenzisa ukuphumula, yingakho umsebenzi nesineke kakhulu kunciphisa zonke izici zokuphila kwakhe.

Uma sikhuluma ngezimpawu ze-CFS kabanzi, izimpawu ezilandelayo zidinga ukuba avelele:

- kwemisipha ubuhlungu;

- ukucobeka ngemuva komsebenzi ngokomzimba ehlala ubusuku nemini;

- ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu lymph node, axillary futhi wesibeletho ikakhulukazi;

- ubuhlungu emalungeni, akuyona ephelezelwa izimpawu ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala;

- kahle okuhlushwa inkumbulo;

- umphimbo obuhlungu;

- thuthuva ubuthongo obunzima;

- ubuhlungu bekhanda.

ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona syndrome, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa iyathakazelisa iziguli eziningi, Akuve inkinga esiphuthumayo, ngakho odokotela unolwazi olwanele ukuze kutholwe isifo abanekhono nokuqokwa izinyathelo zokulungisa. Kodwa ngokuvamile, ukuphathwa kuyehla kube inhlangano okunomsoco, ukuzinza imodi kosuku, kanye nokusetshenziswa amavithamini namaminerali. Izejwayezi ezimbi kudingeke uwuyeke, kakhulu, kanye kusuka eside ukuchitha isikhathi eduze TV. Kunalokho, ukujwayela ukuhamba kusihlwa emoyeni opholile.

Ebhekisela eziyinkimbinkimbi ukwelashwa izihloko, ukunikeza izingxenye zalo ezilandelayo:

- ukuzinza lomthwalo, niphumule;

- kokuqhuba izinsuku ukudla futhi ukwelashwa yokudla;

- aromatherapy futhi massage;

- ukuqedwa ezihlukahlukene yizifo ezingamahlalakhona, kuba okuyinto izinkinga inqubo yokwelashwa;

- ukusetshenziswa ukuthaka imithi, uma ngezinye izindlela abakwazi iwukudambisa zezinzwa syndrome;

- Physiotherapy kanye hydrotherapy.

Ukukhuluma ngezidakamizwa, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uma nesimo esifanayo ethintene nalokhu zinhlungu, sorbents, immunomodulators, futhi komzimba - antihistamine.

Izici peripheral osabalalayo

Lena enye indlela zezinzwa syndrome, okuyinto kungaba umthombo kwezinkinga ezingathi sína. Ingqikithi nemiphumela emibi kulokhu yangempela ukuthi, ngenxa kulimaze noma phusha emsipheni osabalalayo avele ngempela olubonakalayo elingenhla izimpawu zomzimba. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi le nkinga aliholeli nemiphumela engelapheki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zonke izimpawu kungenziwa neutralized.

Izizathu zokuthuthukisa peripheral osabalalayo, elula ngokwanele. Sikhuluma ukusikeka, waphuka, nemivimbo nomunye umonakalo mechanical, okwenzeka ngenxa yokucinana we emsipheni osabalalayo. Ngezinye izikhathi phakathi ezinzwa ukulimala ngokwayo asithinteki, kepha izibazi kuthiwa kwakhiwa kamuva emcindezela, futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu kukhona ukwephula imisebenzi. Ukubukeka lolu hlobo peripheral kungenziwa senziwa ngisho ezingamahlalakhona ezinzwa isiqu ukulimala okubangelwa njalo bezihlikihla phezu usiko umsipha ngesikhathi isikhathi eside umthwalo emabhulashini. ingcindezi ngokweqile izinduku amahhanisi nakho kungaholela ukuphazamiseka emsipheni.

Izimpawu ze-peripheral osabalalayo ngempela okubeka obala: entendeni iminwe yakho abakwazi bend bese uyaqondisa evamile, noma yikuphi ukunyakaza ibhulashi, futhi ikakhulukazi iminwe, babe yinkinga. A imisipha voltage ukuthi ikhululeke shayela kusukela imisipha Imicu yotshani extensor ibhodi lemisindo sisalokhu.

Lapho azibonakali sengathi izimpawu, into yokuqala okumele uyenze - kuyinto ukuphoqelela imbande ku ibhodi lemisindo futhi esihlakaleni endaweni yakhe. Ukuze unqobe izinkinga ezinjalo ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa izindlela olandelanayo: indlela B amavithamini, upharafini zokugeza, ukukhuthazwa kagesi kanye massage imiklamo. Ukuhlinzwa ukubuyisela nemisebenzi emsipheni osabalalayo kuyaqabukela esetshenziswa. Futhi-ke, ukuze alulame ngokugcwele kuyodingeka ibhekane eziyinkimbinkimbi yokwelapha umsebenzi.

Progressive sclerosing polidistrofiya

Le nkinga has elinye igama - Alpers syndrome. Ingqikithi yalesi sifo kuyehla kube kusilela energy umzimba enzyme. izimpawu Polidistrofii avele umuntu esemncane kakhulu, njengoba umthetho, sekuyiminyaka 1-2.

Okokuqala avele generalized noma ngokwengxenye sokuwa futhi myoclonus, emelanayo ukuphathwa anticonvulsant. On izinkinga abagcini lapho. ukulibala kubonakala ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba lengqondo, hypotonia, kukhuphuke umsipha ikhaliphe, paresis spastic, kanye nokulahlekelwa amakhono eziye atholwe ngaphambili. Akubalulekile ukuba ngakususi ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa futhi umbono, ukuhlanza, ukucobeka, ukuthuthukiswa hepatomegaly, jaundice ngisho yokwehluleka kwesibindi, okuyinto abanekhono ngaphandle ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi kungaholela ekufeni.

Okwamanje, asizange okwamanje uhlelo esinobunye ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ka Alpers syndrome, ngakho odokotela ukusebenza ngezigaba ngamunye uphawu ngabanye. Akubuzwa, ngaphandle kosizo wabahambisa ukuthola ngcono eziphathekayo akunakwenzeka in iziyaluyalu enjalo zobuchopho.

Shaya syndrome - Dreydzhera

Ngaphansi kwaleli gama efihla angajwayelekile abaningi kodwa kuyinkinga enkulu - multiple uhlelo yoma. kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane senziwa uma kwenzeka ukuthi isiguli kunqunywa ukunqotshwa okunzima autonomic nesimiso sezinzwa. Eqinisweni, iyisifo sasivumela ezingavamile, kuphazamisa lo cerebellum ingqondo, kanye izimbangela izifo autonomic futhi parkinsonism.

Ububanzi egcwele izimbangela eziningi ohlelweni yoma, odokotela abakwazi okwamanje ukufinyelela. Kodwa ithambekele ukholelwa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka enjalo cerebellum buqala ifa zofuzo zesiguli.

Njengoba for ukwelashwa ke umthelela ngempumelelo ngaphansi kombandela lesiguli kumelwe baqiniseke kuqala ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ke syndrome Shaya - Dreydzhera kunokuba nezinye izifo unezimpawu ezifanayo (Parkinson, kanye nabanye.). Ingqikithi yalo ukwelashwa kuyehla iwukudambisa izimpawu. Ngokuphelele unqobe zinkinga we ekusebenzeni kobuchopho, odokotela ungakabi bakwazi.

Ingozi Bruns syndrome

Lena enye iqembu izimpawu ukuthi zihlobene ngokuqondile syndromes zezinzwa. Isizathu kwesimiso sinjalo occlusion likvoroprovodyaschih izindlela at kunomsele palsy noma Magendie imbobo.

Uma sicabangela syndrome Bruns ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu izimpawu jikelele, isithombe okulandelayo: nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, ubuhlungu ekhanda, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ataxia, ukuphazamiseka e ngihamba ngisantengantenga nokundindizela.

Ukunakwa kufanele ikhokhwe, futhi izimpawu ocular. Lokhu kweqa amaurosis, strabismus, ptosis, diplopia, uphinde wehlise ukuzwela cornea. Kwezinye izimo, omiswe ukuvuvukala emsipheni optic futhi yoma kwalo okwalandela.

Njengoba ukwelashwa ngezihloko ezihlukene isetshenziswa degitradatsiya, ventrikulopunktsiya futhi zenhliziyo ahlukahlukene tonicity ejenti (caffeine, "Kordiamin" "Korglikon"). Kuya ngemvelo ye-algorithm isifo ingacaciswa ukuhlinzwa.

encephalopathy Wernicke sika

Lo magazini we-Neurology kuyingozi ngokwanele. It kungabuye ngokuthi "Gaye syndrome -. Wernicke" Eqinisweni, sikhuluma ukulimala hypothalamus naphakathi no-ubuchopho. Isizathu inqubo enjalo kungaba azimisele thiamine ukuntula in isiguli. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi yilesi sifo kungaba nemiphumela zokusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, amavithamini B1 kanye waphela ngokomzimba.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukudideka, ukucasuka, kahle ngefanelo nangokuvumelana, ukucobeka kanye nokukhubazeka we imisipha iso. Ukuze ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe kubalulekile kudokotela-wezinzwa.

Ukuze iwukudambisa syndrome umthelela, odokotela ngokubona esasikhipha a thiamine nesineke izinsuku 5-6. Hypomagnesaemia uma kunesidingo ukulungiswa reception magnesium oxide noma sulfide.

Wright syndrome

Leligama lisetshenziswa ukuchaza acroparesthesia lihambisana ubuhlungu ezincane pectoralis, futhi iziyaluyalu trophic futhi blanching kweziningi iminwe futhi isandla. emizweni okunjalo kwenzeka lapho kuba kokucindezelwa Izinzwa iziqu nezitsha plexus brachial axilla. izinqubo ezinjalo ngokuvamile umphumela ukuthunjwa esiphezulu ehlombe tensioning pectoralis imisipha ezincane okuyinto yena, ngazo imizwa nemithambo yegazi.

Wright sifo kuchazwe izimpawu ezifana umthunzi okhanyayo kweminwe kanye izandla, ukuba ndikindiki nokuphelelwa izimpawu zazo ukuvuvukala. Kodwa isihluthulelo ukubonakaliswa ubuhlungu esifubeni ehlombe imisipha. Ngokuvamile nge ehlombe ukuthunjwa oluqinile osabalalayo Umthambo ishayela iphele.

Syndrome iphathwa kuphela ngemva umehluko kusuka kwamanye izifo ezifanayo. Uma uhlelo ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe senziwa, ingasetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene ukungenelela bokuphila nokwelapha. Kwezinye izimo, lo msebenzi ngeke kube lusizo.

Izinto ukwazi syndrome Gerstman?

Ingqikithi yilesi sifo kuyehla ekubonakalisweni sezikhalazo umunwe agnosia, alexia, agraphia, autotopagnozii, kanye ukuhlukumeza ukuma okulungile kwesokunxele. Endabeni ukusabalala inqubo sokugembula kwezinye izingxenye cortex cerebral ngokwayo anganikeza ukwazi hemianopsia, aphasia sezinzwa futhi astereogoziya.

Gerstmann sifo sihlobene ngokuqondile namaphuzu izinqubo elibhubhisayo inhlangano endaweni kwesokunxele parietal Lobe zobuchopho. Kuleli zinga, isiguli iyeke kancane ukubona umzimba wayo siqu. Lokhu kubonakala Ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa ohlangothini lwesokudla ukusuka kwesokunxele. Abantu nale syndrome Awukwazi ukwenza izibalo ezilula nekubhala, kuyilapho abanye bengqondo yabo isebenza kahle.

Umthelela kushintshana hemiplegia

Lena izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi elimazayo, okungase kube nemiphumela ephawulekayo omubi emzimbeni. kushintshana hemiplegia Ziyakwazi umphumela umgogodla cord yokulimala, futhi omunye uhhafu zobuchopho. La maqembu ngezinye izikhathi sokucasuka izimpawu yokulimala kuhlasimulise ubuchopho noma kahle kwegazi ebuchosheni nomgogodla.

Odokotela ngezikhathi ene kushintshana hemiplegia zinhlobo ezilandelayo: exutshwe umonakalo ahlukahlukene kwasendaweni, bulbar, futhi pedicellate Pontina. Nge izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu izimpawu zingase zishintshe kakhulu: ubuthulu, oculomotor futhi pupillary sifo, ukwehluleka oyingozi poturalnogo ukulawula disgeneticheskie syndrome, iphimbo obstructive, nabanye.

Xilonga uthi ezifana nangokunquma indawo eqondile kwasendaweni lesion futhi imingcele yayo.

Ngokuphathelene ukwelashwa, inhlangano yakhe incike iqembu elithile izimpawu futhi imiphumela ukuxilongwa okhokhelwayo.

Imiphumela

Inkinga syndromes zezinzwa ekukhathaza abantu abaningi futhi, ngeshwa, akuhlali odokotela bayakwazi iwukudambisa ngokuphelele umthelela lesi sifo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunengqondo uphethwe ngezikhathi zokuvimbela isimo ingqondo futhi uqondiswe isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezingaba khona at the stage of imvelaphi yabo.