St uDemetriyu of Rostov: Biography, izincwadi zemikhuleko. Life of St Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Omunye ohlonishwa kakhulu abangcwele Orthodox kuyinto Dmitriy Rostovsky. Waba ezidumile ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi wayaziwa "Ukuphila of the Saints." Lo mpristi wahlala esikhathini izinguquko sikaPeter Omkhulu futhi ngokuvamile shoka them. Nokho, ongcwele kakhulu wamelana uhulumeni ukuphazamiseka ezindabeni zeSonto futhi kwaba sekupheleni kokuphila bakhe basondela nabasekeli Tsarevich Alexei.

ebuntwaneni

Orthodox saint Dmitry Rostovsky wazalwa ebusika 1651 edolobhaneni eliseduze Kiev Makarov. Baqamba igama lakhe ngokuthi kaDaniyeli. Umndeni wakhe ozinikele kakhulu, waqhubeka ekhula ehlala ehlane umKristu oshisekayo. Ngo-1662, abazali wakhe bathuthela Kiev waya lokuyofunda Kyïv-Mohyla Collegium. Lapha ngempumelelo wafunda Latin nomGreki, kanye nenombolo wesayensi classical. Ngo 1668, okuthulile, impilo ebuthaka, uDaniyeli waba indela esigodlweni sezindela Kirillov futhi Dmitry ithole igama. ukulalela Izigodlo Wayesethatha ngo-1675.

Kwakumkhathaza kakhulu umshumayeli kwezwi likaNkulunkulu

Ngo 1669 Dmitriy Rostovsky, ogama biography ugcwele ezihlukahlukene izenzakalo, lanikezelwa ngo-ierodyakona. Ngo-1975, uMbhishobhi Lazar Baranovych ukumbizela Chernigov futhi ezinikele ubupristi, esimisiwe umshumayeli at Cathedral of kweNyuka Cathedral. Yingakho ubaba Dmitry waya Slutsk futhi Vilna, lapho abaningi wayesebenzela inkazimulo kaNkulunkulu. Ngokushesha kulandele udumo lwayo shumayeli abahlakaniphe kakhulu, wayevame baqala ukumema amandla esithobayo ngokwenyama nangokomoya. Ngemva kokufa komngane wakhe, umdali Slutsky sezindela Monk Skachkevicha waphindela kwelakubo yakhe - e Ruthenia e Baturina.

Igumenstvo nokuqala umsebenzi eliyingqayizivele

The Little Saint Dmitry Rostov wahlala emzini wezindela Baturin. Nokho, maduzane nje, uKristu wadonsela ukunaka yombhishobhi Chernigov. Ngo 1681 umshumayeli oneminyaka engu-30 ubudala waba wesigodlo ka wezindela Maksanovskogo, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana - Baturyn. Kulesi isikhundla Dmitry uyise nihlezi isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngo-1683 wathuthela Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Lapha e 1684 Saints eseqala umsebenzi enkulu yokuphila kwakhe - ekubhaleni "Chetih-Osanta." Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile wamiswa le Umphathi Baturyn sezindela yesibili. Kodwa ngo-1692 ephinde kuhanjiswe ku Kiev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwathi ngokulandelana iqondiswa Abbot Glukhovski, Kirillov futhi Eletski (Chernigov) zezindela. Ngo 1700 ebizelwa eMoscow, lapho beqala ukuhlangana ne uPeter Omkhulu, futhi waqokwa Metropolitan of Rostov. Ukuzinikezela senziwa Mashi 23, 1701.

Metropolitan of Rostov

Ngo-1703, Dmitriy Rostovsky, ogama biography ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe liye labizwa kuhlanganiswe nokuza kwayo, wafika ngo-duty isiteshi esisha. Lapha wabhekana nezinselele eziningi, eyisikhulu phakathi owawungumnyaka ukungenela amandla wokuziphilisa ezindabeni epherishi. Ngaphambi nje kokuba ama-aphoyintimenti kayise Dmitry emzini ibuyiselwe ukuze lezindela, kokulawulwa izakhiwo zesonto, wengamela izindela almshouses. Kuyinto ezingajabulisi kakhulu Rostov St wamshaya futhi coarseness nokungazi hhayi kuphela abantukazana, kodwa futhi eBandleni. Izwe labapristi bodwa alibanga ohlonishwayo abangcwele, isimo sengqondo ngendelelo phofu, ukudalula ekusithekeni wokuvuma nokunye. Ukubona lokudlela ezinjalo, uyise Dmitry setha ngentshiseko ukulungisa isimo. Wanikeza imiyalelo, echaza okwakushiwo abapristi, wanikeza ntshumayelo kubantu.

Omunye ukukhathazeka wakhe oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela esikoleni ngoba izingane zezinceku iSonto nabampofu. Ezemfundo lapha kwaba ngokuphelele khulula. Esikhathini evulekile Metropolitan Dmitry esikoleni, kanye ekhatsi Kiev, wafundisa zesiGreki nesiLatin, baboniswa imikhiqizo ezigcawugcawu. Eyokuqala abathweswe iziqu kwesokunxele izindonga yayo 1706. Ngeshwa, entwasahlobo esikoleni esifanayo yavalwa.

Okthoba 28, 1709 Dmitry Rostovsky beshona. Wembelwa Cathedral of Rostov, eduze esasisandulele - Sainted Joasaph. okusalungiswa yezincwadi zakhe sidle bafakwa ngaphansi intando Metropolitan in the lomngcwabo. Emngcwabeni saint efika yena indlovukazi Paraskeva Feodorovna - umfazi ongumfelokazi ka Tsar Ivan, umfowabo uPetru.

I izinsalela saint

Ngo 1752, e Cathedral sanquma ukwenza ukulungiswa. Ngokuhamba nokuqaliswa kwalo ngo-September 21 at phansi ukulungisa kwatholakala elingukungaboli isidumbu sikababa Dmitry. Kwakuyisimangaliso ngempela. Izindonga yokungcwaba emanzi. St-oak ebhokisini uyathola ku wesandla ayetha ngokuphelele. Isidumbu olungcwelengcwele, kumaKatolika yakhe, isigqoko futhi sakkos babe nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izinsalela saint laqala okuphulukisa ngokuyisimangaliso kusuka izifo eziningi, njengoba kwabikwa esiGungwini. Ngu-oda wale mithandazo e inzuzo ukukhula Archimandrite Simonovskiy Gavriil Metropolitan Suzdalskiy Silvestr. Bona okwaxoxwa amandla okuphulukisa futhi they bophezela. April 29, 1757, Metropolitan Rostovskiy Dmitry kwabalelwa phakathi abangcwele.

Meyi 25, 1763 izinsalela St. sigudluke e ingcwele esiliva, bakuphi kuze kube yilolu suku. umdlavuza senziwa ngomyalo Umbusikazi uCatherine II, ababethwala ke kusayithi ukufakwa mathupha, kanye nobaba ongcwele.

"Ukuphila of the Saints" Dmitriya Rostovskogo

Le ncwadi kulotshiwe esikhathini ezingcwele iminyaka engu-20. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka umsebenzi amavolumu 12. Lichaza ukuphila, izimangaliso kanye ubuqhawe yabangcwele eziningi ezinkulu amaKristu. "Chetyi minei" zokuxhumana. Dmitry waqala ngawokwakha zonke Orthodox, abafuna ukulandela indlela ehlonipha.

Lelandzisako kule ncwadi ibeka oda izinyanga nezinsuku kuzo. Yingakho igama (ngenyanga Gr. Per) "Kosanta". "Izimpilo" ISonto kusho "funda", "ukuze ulifunde." Ihlanganiswe "Ukuphila of the Saints," Baba Dmitry beniyingxenye Labor Macarius. Okwamanje, Saints eziningana (Hieromonk Herman Tulumova, Chudovsky, Ionna Milyutina, njll) saziwa eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox. Nokho, "Ukuphila of the Saints" Dmitriya Rostovskogo kukhona ohlonishwayo kakhulu futhi evamile. Leli bhuku Ubhalwe abanekhono kakhulu iSonto ngesiSlavonic.

izincwadi Okunye St

Omunye umsebenzi owaziwa Metropolitan of Rostov "Ukucinga Brynskikh esithile sokholo." Le ncwadi wayalwa ngokumelene Amakholwa Old. Lo msebenzi ngokungafani kuya "Kosanta", ke akuphumelelanga kakhulu. yena Old Amakholwa, Yiqiniso, akavumanga, kodwa kungase kuqubule inzondo kubangelwa kubo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Saint Dmitriy Rostovsky ngenkuthalo lokuqoqa ulwazi ngomlando ayezengamele kanye nasezweni lonke. Ngokwesibonelo, wasebenza phezu umlando nokubhalwa abantu Slavic. Wabuye wabhala izincwadi efana "Fleece ngenkasa", "Inkulumo ku ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu kumuntu," "yisisu", "Isifingqo ukholo", "basemasontweni Russian ikhathalogi." It kungokwalabo usiba lwayo futhi zonke izinhlobo imithandazo kanye nemiyalelo.

Isonto. Dmitriya Rostovskogo e Ochakovo

ERussia, abaningi ohlonishwayo abangcwele. Dmitriy Rostovsky Yiqiniso, ungomunye wabo. Ukuzinikezela kuye amathempeli amaningi. Ngokwesibonelo, isakhiwo esinjalo uku Ochakovo. Ngo 1717 yakhiwa khona isonto lokhuni ngayingcwelisa ke yokudumisa Blessed Virgin Mary. Ngo-1757 edolobhaneni yashintsha izandla. Wasemisela eduze lokhuni entsha ethempelini itshe egameni Metropolitan Dmitry. Lelibandla wehlele kithi cishe enjalo. Yakhiwa isitayela elihle baraque Russian. Nge Refectory ehlangene okusezingeni eliphezulu ethempelini isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi.

History of the Church of St Dmitry unothile kakhulu. Ngo 1812 kwaba khona umlilo e Ochakovo. Kulokhu, ibandla elidala sokhuni seNcasakazi oNgcwele ngomlilo. Uthenge ngonyaka ofanayo emzaneni Ekaterina Naryshkina isiko esikhundleni sokusamukela, wanquma ukuvula esontweni lakhe elisha, phansi kwawo, nezinyoni kabusha omunye izigodi zabo. Ibandla ngayingcwelisa behlonipha zintathu Ongcwele futhi mhlawumbe ashiwo ibandla St Dmitry.

Ngo-1926, lesi sakhiwo zenkolo isinqumo iziphathimandla livalwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1933, Dmitriya Rostovskogo ethempelini yaguqulwa isitoreji lamabele kwadingeka isesimweni esibi kakhulu. Cross naye yehliswe futhi kwenye gables zaveza inkanyezi ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusulwe kwakunzima kakhulu.

Ngo-1972, isonto wanquma ukuba kulungiswe. Imisebenzi yathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-6. Ngo-1992 Dmitriya Rostovskogo Temple wabuyela amakholwa. Labo-Orthodox abafuna vakashela esontweni ubudala kufanele baye eMoscow emgwaqeni , Jikelele Dorokhov, njll 17.

Ithempeli Dmitriya Rostovskogo nge. Hawa kwesokudla

Lokhu isonto futhi abazinikele e behlonipha Dmitriya Rostovskogo, yayakhiwe ngo-1824 e isitayela classic. Dome ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele cupola yayo cylindrical. Yakhelwe eceleni insimbi wakhe umbhoshongo lwaluba a Spire sibalo enhle.

Ngo 1882 esikoleni kwavulwa uthisha isonto Lyutitskim. Ngokusemthethweni, phakathi kuka-1930 no-1990, lelibandla elalibuye libe izimpahla okusanhlamvu. Nokho, kukhona ibika ukuthi okusanhlamvu kulendlu mlando akakaze agcinwe. Ngisho nabantu abasontayo khumbula ukuthi eminyakeni 1954-1962 esontweni ukusebenza ngisho ngekhefu ezincane (ngoba abapristi ngokwanele).

Ngo-1990, iSonto Dmitriya Rostovskogo e Right Hawa lidlule bhishobhi, ngemva kwalokho-ke ibuyiselwe amakholwa. Ngaphakathi ethempelini walondoloza ngokuyisimangaliso izinsalela odongeni imidwebo, kanye isimo iconostasis. Kusukela ngo-September 2010, kukhona VV umpristi Kolyadin. Okwamanje, lelibandla lasendulo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, into ifa zamasiko nezomlando we Voronezh esifundeni.

Nomthandazo Dmitriyu Rostovskomu

Dmitriy Rostovsky, okuphila kwakhe olungile, futhi ngemva kokufa kwakhe siyaqhubeka sivikela ethembekileyo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ngamashwa. Yalapheka isifo, isibonelo, kungenzeka nje kuphela ukuba bakhulekele izinsalela saint. I okuyisimangaliso kubhekwa umthandazo esizinikezele kuye. Nokubhalwa embhalweni wokuqala waleso ke ingatholakala izincwadi esontweni. Lenza into enjengale:

'INgcwelengcwele Omkhulu Martyr Hristov Dmitry. Ukuvela phambi kweNkosi eZulwini, ucele intethelelo ezonweni zethu nokukhululwa vsegubitelnoy izilonda yethu, umlilo futhi ukujeziswa kwaphakade. Cela isihe sakhe ku-esontweni lethu futhi besifunda, kanye nokuqinisa izenzo zethu ezinhle ziyamjabulisa uJesu Kristu. Sizokwenza qina nemithandazo yakho abayikulidla ifa lombuso wezulu, lapho siyobe sikhululeke baligubhe kuBaba noMoya oNgcwele. "

isiphetho

Dmitriy Rostovsky, umthandazo ezingasetshenziswa ukuphulukisa izifo, ifikile ibanga elide futhi the zenzisa isibonelo kuwo wonke amaKristu obu-Orthodox. Namuhla-ke ingenye abangcwele ohlonishwayo kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, siyanakekelwa izifo yamaphaphu. Futhi kunenkolelo ukuthi lo mthandazo ongcwele kungasiza ukuqeda zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga iso.