Sorbents futhi Biologicals e umkhakha yesimanje

Njalo ngonyaka ezweni wethu ukhula ukuhlobana izixazululo kwemvelo ukuze enziwe wasendaweni nokuqedwa yokungcola uwoyela, acid, alkalis kanye nezinye iziphuzo enobungozi. Lena ngenxa yezizathu eziningana: ukuwohloka kwezokuxhumana, ezibangelwe umuntu, kwezobuchwepheshe kanye yemvelo eziphuthumayo. Kule ndaba, kukhona buyaqhubeka zemvelo, kukhuphuke izinhlawulo. Ukushintsha izinqubomgomo ukuvikela imvelo amabhizinisi kakhulu. Kudinga ukwethulwa yesimanje nobuchwepheshe kwemvelo.

Ngezinye umkhuba samanje, ezifuywayo angaphandle, kakhudlwana dalwa khokhela hhayi njengendlela ehlukene izindawo lobuchwepheshe kanye ngempumelelo, iselula esilungele ukusetshenziswa izakhiwo, okuyinto sorbents based, lokuqoqa izimali ngendlela Booms, amacansi, imicamelo, napkins kanye nezinye izinto okungezona nokwelukiweyo, biologics . izakhiwo ezinjalo lubohlo ngokuhambisana nezidingo ikhasimende, ngokusekelwe izidingo zawo. Bahlukile ukuthi zingase zimiswe ngaphansi imidlalo iyiphi uketshezi eziyingozi (uwoyela, iyiphi enye uketshezi organic, acid, alkalis mercury nokunye.) Ukuze umzimba ngamanzi noma ukucaca zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi.

Ngu ngokwabo yezingxenye lezi izakhiwo kukhona izindawo eziphambili kokuba izakhiwo ukuncela, adsorb, ukubola ketshezi enobungozi, wachitheka phezu kwamanzi equkethwe enhlabathini noma amanzi angcolile, amanzi ezikhukhula. Abakwazi ithengwe futhi wasebenzisa ngamunye uma kunesidingo.

Sorbents. Namuhla ngokuningiliziwe yonke inkulumo ngalokho oyikho nalokho kukhona izindlela isinyathelo lezi izindlela ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali yokulawula ukungcola, asikho isidingo: yimuphi uchwepheshe, ngubani, empeleni kufanele ubhekane okungenani Amathuba ochithekile uketshezi, ujwayelene la mathuluzi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi yabo ingafani umsuka kuhlakazeka umlingisi ukumuncwa inqubo, ubunjalo amanzi ogelezayo nokumanzisa. Ngo practice, sorbents wezinto ezingaphili futhi organic kokuba kokubili zokwenziwa odabuka yemvelo. impahla yabo eyisisekelo lapho kufanele sinake lapho ukhetha - sorption umthamo kuchazwa njengoba inani ezichithekile ketshezi iyavuleka amayunithi sorbent. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba zindlela angabhekwa izakhiwo ezifana okungenangozi buoyancy, nobunkimbinkimbi isicelo Yiqiniso, izindleko. Lokubaluleke kakhulu ukukhethwa ikhono abakhethayo, okusho lokho ngokuqondile ayashesha ukubamba ketshezi: kwaba yilapho kukhona jikelele, ngcono. Qiniseka ukuba banake imibuzo elandelayo: Ingabe kungenzeka ukuba wenze sorbent wachitha futhi kabusha ukuyisebenzisa, indlela okungakusiza ngayo ukuba kuhlelwe noma ubhujiswe nokuthi le nqubo iphephile imvelo (ezinye sorbents esetshenziswa odabuka yemvelo nakanjani ayinangozi kungenziwa kwesokunxele esizeni kokuwa).

Sorbents ingasetshenziswa efomini ngalinye (chitha phezu ketshezi wathela) futhi isetshenziswe ukulanda amadivayisi ekhethekile (isib ngazo ezingibeni uwoyela, umshini, imicamelo lokuqoqa, amacansi, Booms, njll ..).

Njengoba isibonelo, amaminerali sorbents yemvelo based - Perlite, ubumba zandiswa vermiculite, graphite enwetshiwe, kanye nemifino ezisekelwe - zikaphayini amagxolo, sphagnum moss, Peat kanye nabanye.

Asetshenziswa njengezitolo sorbents futhi izinto zokwenziwa njenge polyvinyl chloride, inayiloni, zokwenziwa latexes, rubbers iraba, polypropylene. Lokho izakhiwo sorption kwezinye zokwenziwa impahla yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo ukukhiqizwa yalezi sorption pillows, amacansi, Booms, napkins, kuze kudabuke umhlane, njll, ezifanele imidlalo containment futhi imidlalo kits.

Biologics. It is ukuthi kwandile imvelo nezilwanyana ezincane ekwaziyo okonakele eyaziwa organic compounds ukuba carbon dioxide futhi amanzi izinto zemvelo ukuhlanzwa. Okunjalo nezilwanyana ezincane-destructors manje ukuze kuqedwe ukungcola imizimba amanzi, inhlabathi. Le ndlela senzelwe ukwandisa umsebenzi microbial endaweni angcolile, lapho ingatholakala ukudalwa kwezimo ezifanele. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kuziwa inhlabathi, kufanele silondoloze amazinga ayo kahle lokushisa, umswakama, aeration, pH, ukutholakala izakhi izakhi - nitrogen, phosphorus, i-potassium.

Zonke indlela entsha nakakhulu ukuba kakhulu ukuphuthumisa noqhekeko izinto eziningi eziphilayo (uwoyela, amafutha, amafutha, phenol, benzene, alcohols, njll) ngokwethula biodestruktorov ekhethekile. Eminyakeni yamuva, le ndlela esikalini njengoba ethembisayo ngenxa kahle, izindleko ongaphakeme, lula ukusetshenziswa. Namuhla Kumiswa Isikhwama ezincane eziphilayo lapho imikhiqizo yemvelo senzelwe ekwelapheni izinto zemvelo kusukela ukungcola organic. Indlela Ukukhetha kwabo kukhona ikhono zilulaza anhlobonhlobo izinto eziphilayo, ekugcineni ukusebenza nezilwanyana ezincane ngesikhathi isitoreji, umsebenzi omkhulu, ikhono likhule ngo imvelo, nonpathogenic.

biodegradation Iningi ngempumelelo kwezinto ezingcolisayo organic manje izuzwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa sorbents nezinto ezincane eziphilayo. Ngenxa yale njongo, lo sorbent akasakwazi amagciwane zamagciwane destructors. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukwandisa ngezinga futhi ngesilinganiso iqoqo nokwehliswa kwesithunzi ezingcolisayo organic. Ezinye sorbents zemvelo ukubunjwa yabo kusukela ekuqaleni babe bio-izingxenye ezingaba zilulaza, isibonelo, uwoyela. Njengoba isibonelo, sorbents ka sphagnum moss eliqukethe e yayo isakhiwo humic acid Kuvuselela umsebenzi oxidizing amagciwane biocenosis wendawo. sici zabo ukuthi kungenzeka kwesicelo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Buhle biosorbents enjalo siwukuthi bangamalungu Isizalo engangenwa umlilo, zingase kwesokunxele ekwelashweni situ of kokuwa ku ziqiniseka ngokugcwele ukuthi ngeke sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo moss ugcwala ketshezi.