Siphephe uma usebenza nge zikagesi. izimpawu kagesi

Industrial ezisebenza ngogesi kungokwalabo esigabeni amadivayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Uma kusebenta kwato kunosongo nempilo yabantu kanye ukuphila. Ukuze ugweme izingozi inikeza yezokuphepha lapho usebenza nge zikagesi.

umuntu abanjwe ugesi

ingozi okunjalo owadalile uma i- zokuphepha operation zikagesi. umuntu abanjwe ugesi cishe ukuxhumana ngqo izakhi conductive unit, okuyizinto ngaphansi voltage. Ukuchithwa nokuwela kwawo umzimba kuhambisana begazi, electrolytic, ithonya ezishisayo. Lesi sakamuva kuzibonakalisa ngesimo eshe ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba, imithambo yegazi kanye bafudumale. imiphumela eziphilayo ephelezelwa ukucasuka we ezicutshini zomzimba, nakho kungaholela ekunqanyulweni kwe ukusebenza izinhlelo ezibalulekile. umphumela electrolytic kubonakala ukunwetshwa igazi.

imiphumela ekubhujisweni

Umphumela incike isenzo wamanje kanye voltage ezidlula, ubude kanye imvamisa yayo indlela, futhi isimo jikelele umzimba. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, palpable (embundwini) lithathwa njengeNdawo 1 ma. Lapho ukwanda wamanje avele buhlungu imisipha Kufinyeta. Lapho wamanje 12-15 ma, umuntu ulahlekelwa amandla wokulawula emisipheni yazo futhi awukwazi agqashule ekusebenzelaneni umthombo yesiteleka ngokuzimela. Lezi izingcezu abizwa ngokuthi neotpuskayuschego. Nge okunye ukwanda wamanje awokuthi ventricular fibrillation (ukudikiza). Kubhekwe osenyameni ebulalayo 100 ma.

siphephe uma besebenza phansi isimiso sikagesi Sibutsetelo

Ukufinyelela kumadivayisi bangathola ukuqeqeshwa. ngogesi Fitter noma ngizodabula ezifanele ukuhlolwa ulwazi Pte futhi PTB ku Ukufaneleka Commission. Ezinye izindaba zika-ochwepheshe ukufinyelela amayunithi kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa wemfanelo abantu. Kungakhathaliseki neziqu abasebenzi kumelwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi izimpawu kagesi.

ukufakwa ukuhlolwa

Osebenza ngogesi akanayo ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinyathelo ezihilela contact nge izingxenye conductive, ngaphambi kokucima iyunithi. Phezu ukuthola isimo esiphuthumayo ezidinga izakhi unqamule ngokushesha nokubika isimo kumuntu ophathiswe umthwalo. Phakathi ukuhlolwa kubalulekile unake okukhethekile khona nesimo esivikelo earthing kokungathathi hlangothi (isisekelo) housings, casings, ozimele kanye nezinye izinto. Uma kwenzeka lapho wathinta ngesandla, izakhi non-conductive (isib ukuze kutholakale izinga Ukushisa) zamanje ukutholwa umthelela, kukhona ngabodwa ukwephulwa iphutha futhi isisekelo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kudingeka ukuvimbela ukufakwa ngokushesha.

Guqula fuse ifaka

Ukuphepha emsebenzini phezu kagesi funa zihlanganisa, ngokuhambisana okuyinto esikhundleni wenziwa uma kushaywa izakhi de-akukhuthalele. Uma ungakwazi ukuphoqelela leli lungiselelo ezimweni ezehlukile bavunyelwe ukwenza izenzo nge okukhipha ingasebenzi. Ingozi kulokhu liqukethe yokuthi ngesikhathi fuse esikhundleni faka angase zishe (ikakhulukazi short circuit). Kulokhu, kunengozi i kagesi arc khulula. eyohlinzwa enjalo wenziwa usebenzisa izibungu nangokuvikela. Njengoba izintambo ziyobe ziphethwe kufanele ngaleyo ndlela nangokuvikela amagilavu, namehlo avikelekile ngezibuko ekhethekile.

ezimweni ezikhethekile

Ukuphepha in the ukulungisa zikagesi kudinga ukuba afeze ukukhululwa esiyisibopho ukungezwani ngaphambi kokuzibulala ukuba noma yisiphi isenzo. Nokho, imithetho babe okuthile okuhlukile. Kwezinye izimo, kuba Kwenziwa esincane umsebenzi ukulungisa izinkinga ne voltage unexpunged. Izimo ezithile kumele wahlangana lokubolekwa kuze kufinyelele 380 V Finyelela kubo ochwepheshe, abanale 3 iqembu yokuvuma ukuphepha kagesi. Kulokhu kufanele kube omunye umuntu kokuba iqembu 4th noma 5th.

Ukuvimbela umlilo

siphephe uma besebenza phansi isimiso sikagesi inikeza izimfuneko amathuluzi esetshenziswa. Ikakhulukazi, kwenqatshelwe ukuyisebenzisa steel hacksaw, umbusi kanye namanye amathuluzi lapho ufuna engaqondile kubangele short circuit. amathuluzi isibambo kumele ngci kahle. Uchwepheshe, zalezo zinkinga ukuthi kumelwe zime ngesisekelo hhayi uqhuba zamanje. Izidingo ezifanayo futhi inikeza yezokuphepha ukufakwa kagesi.

Ukuvikelwa ukuhlinzeka

Yonke imisebenzi, kuhlanganise ukuhlolwa kagesi ziqhutshwa ngokuhambisana efanele imithetho yenhlanzeko neziqondiso, okuyinto abamukelekayo iphini. sanvracha abakhulu GOST. Ngokusho ezibekiweko of the magnetic field umfutho akufanele bube ngaphezu kuka-:

• esemazweni kagesi kuleli uhla imvamisa 100 kHz-30 MHz - 20 V / m, 30-300 MHz - 5 V / m;
• we kazibuthe ingxenye uhla 100 kHz-1.5 MHz - 5 A / m.

Ukumeda we ukushuba emkhakheni kagesi kwenziwe kudivayisi PEMF 1. ugesi isebenze kufanele ibekwe amakamelo ezikhethekile. Hf ovunyelwe ukubeka ukufaka senzelwe Ukushisa dielectrics nezinsimbi ezitolo jikelele ezimbonini. Kulokhu, kufanele uhlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile. Ikakhulukazi, emsebenzini kumele unikezwe esiphezulu amazinga emisebeni kuvunyelwe futhi ukuchayeka kungenzeka abantu abangamkhonzi lezi lokubolekwa. Phakathi ukwelashwa ukushisa of izinsimbi kanye dielectrics kufanele ifakwe ukupholisa. Air nemifula kufanele wenziwe impahla nonmagnetic ukuvimbela ukushisa rf imisinga.

Ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi

Kwenzeka:

1. Ukuncishiswa emisebeni umfutho we magnetic field umthombo.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimali sokuvikelwa siqu, futhi i-alamu okuzenzakalelayo.
3. Ukuvikela noma ukhipha imisebenzi emthonjeni lemisebe usebenzisa elawulwa kude.
4. Yakha izimo umsindo ukusebenza imishini kanye nabasebenzi imisebenzi.

Amayunithi ukuze lokungeniswa Ukushisa, njengoba umthetho, ukusetshenziswa inani ukuzivikela. Kulokhu, isikrini okufakiwe inductor ukuqina kanye control panel noma ukudala ukuzivikela ngayinye-block. Kulo mBhalo element capacitor wenziwa ngendlela anezikhala metal noma ikhamera. Isikrini transformer is oluqanjwe uhlobo steel bezinhlamvu. Elementi ukuncibilika nokushisisa inductor wenziwa ngendlela metallic ikhamera ngezinhlamvu ezihlelwa ngesandla. Phakathi amalahle iziphakamisile, ehlisela ekupheleni ukusebenza. Isikrini kungabuye amisiwe ngesimo ikhamera fixed, ifakwe umnyango. Kuphinde kuvule ngesikhathi esikhundleni Ukushisa element kuphela.

Operational kagesi service

Lo msebenzi kuhlanganisa:

• ukulawula yokusebenza imibandela kanye isimo insimbi;
• ukudluliswa kwe-ulwazi imishini emsebenzini.

Endabeni tekusebenta abasebenzi ithuluzi iphutha ukuthola kumele zithathe amanyathelo ukubhekana nabo. Ukuqinisekisa operation esitebeleni of imishini kumele kwenziwe ukugcinwa kanye umsebenzi wokulungisa. Konke lokhu kanye nezinye izenzakalo, okuyinto ihlelwe yokusebenza amayunithi, kumelwe kwenziwe endaweni ephephile. Bazimisele ngokuhambisana PTB evunywe ukuphathwa Ministry of Ugesi naMandla.

imithetho

Abakuchaza izimfuneko abasebenzi ukuthi isebenza (ukulungisa kanye neminye imisebenzi). Abasebenzi kumele bavisise usongo kungenzeka nabo iyunithi, ukwazi futhi bakwazi ukusebenzisa imithetho yezokuphepha lemali sokuboshwa imiyalelo elisebenzisekayo. Abasebenzi azi ukuthi angasilawula kanjani ukufaka yakho kagesi imishini, nokuthuma, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokuzwisisa uhlaka lwayo. Professionals kufanele sikwazi ukunikeza usizo lokuqala ukuba izisulu, okungukuthi, massage ongaqondile imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo umuntu afakwe emishinini yokuphefumula. On imisebenzi zemfundo nokuqeqeshwa kufundvwe, phakathi kwezinye izinto izimpawu kagesi. I PTB unamalungiselelo ezengeziwe. Zithinta ekusebenzeni ukufaka ahlukahlukene kagesi, okuhlanganisa switchgear, izinjini, ugesi, umoya kanye ikhebula imigqa, amabhethri nokunye. I PTB sihlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, kuhlanganise iziyalezo zendlela ukunikeza usizo lokuqala ukuba izisulu yokuthi umuntu abanjwe ugesi, futhi kwezinye izimo. Ngokulandela imithetho kuphoqelekile bonke abasebenzi, kungakhathaliseki isikhundla sabo.

ziqu

Ochwepheshe ukutadisha imithetho azidlulisele ngokuhambisana isikhundla ke kunikezelwe eqenjini elithile ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Sekukonke zikhona 5 babo Ungumuntu wokuqala abantu abangahlobene nokuhlobana kubasebenzi Ihluzo Elingafaki Ukuqoka. Lezi abasebenzi kumele aqeqeshwe. Iqembu yesihlanu sabelwe nokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa, emsebenzini kanye service izisebenzi. Labo onekhono iminyaka engu-18 ovunyelwe nika iqembu 1st noma 2nd ngale kwalawa angenhla. Abaqeqeshwayo futhi izikhungo lobuchwepheshe avunyelwe ukuthola Iqembu 2 emva isipiliyoni umsebenzi wabo uyoba okungenani inyanga. Ngemva izinyanga ezintathu womsebenzi in the okukhethekile bona singasetshenziswa eyabelwe Group 3 yokuvuma kagesi ukuphepha. Ukufaneleka kuvezwa isitifiketi. Lo mbhalo kuyadingeka ukuba ekwenzeni umsebenzi. Ngo ubufakazi futhi wenze ulwazi olwengeziwe uma ikhona. Ngokwesibonelo, uma onguchwepheshe kuvunyelwe ukwenza ezinye umsebenzi (Steeplejacks, ukuhlolwa, nginomdlandla, nokunye), loku kumele kukhonjiswe kule dokhumenti. Abasebenzi nge secondary education ekhethekile lobuchwepheshe noma ngaphezulu? Iqembu 2 kungenziwa ngesikhathi inikezwa, eyesithathu - ngemuva kwezinyanga 3 umsebenzi ovela eqenjini 2nd, 4th - 3 izinyanga nge 3rd futhi 5th - ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva nge-4. Ngaphezu kwalesi sikhathi umsebenzi lesine nelesihlanu amaqembu isidingo azi layout kagesi ukufaka, ukuze zikwazi ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwe umsebenzi endaweni ephephile. Ukuze Group 5 nayo idinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini ebangele isethi e iphuzu izidingo PTB ngamunye.

esibalulekile

TB Manual, akhiwa amabhizinisi akumelwe kube ngokuphambene nemithetho ngenhla. Kufanele zigunyazwe inhlangano ngokuxoxisana ekomidini inyunyana. It is nhlobo ekwenzeni imisebenzi, ama-oda kanye nemiyalelo, okuyinto eziphikisana nezimfuneko eziqanjwe. Imisebenzi ukuthi eziqukethwe imithetho ngezinga elithile ukuze uthango nomunye futhi akuzona duplicative. Kule ndaba, ukwehluleka izinto ngazinye kungaholela izingozi.

umthwalo

Regulations kubopha wonke amabhizinisi, lapho ukusebenza zikagesi. Ngenxa yokwephula nalabo abakubangelayo kuyolethwa zokuphatha, noma icala lobugebengu kwezigwegwe isithiyo. Imisebenzi ehlobene isigaba ephezulu, abantu abagunyaziwe ukwenza engaphezu kwengu-18. Lo msebenzi kudinga ekhethekile ngolwazi, okuhlangenwe nakho kanye ukunakwa. Imisebenzi enjalo, isibonelo, zihlanganisa imisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphansi ukungezwani: ikhebula (exhunywe kwi-ibitume ashisayo, okuhola inkinga kanye Welding amakhebuli e-PVC kanye polyethylene ulwelwesi), nokunamathisela ngomthofu umthofu kanye Alloys eyiqukethe, umsebenzi kanye compounds alufakwa yokwemba nemisebenzi eyenziwa ngokuqhubekayo futhi ehlelekile, nokunye.

izimpawu kagesi

Bona sixwayisa ngokusondela usongo, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa indlela eyisa amayunithi ngaphansi voltage. Bangaphinde ukhombe indawo lapho kungekho amathuba abanjwe ugesi. izimpawu kagesi ihlukaniswa kanje:

• Eveza.
• Prohibitory. Bakhomba inadmissibility we avuliwe noma avaliwe imishini. Lokhu kuvimbela yokuphambuka supply voltage ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Lezi izimpawu zihlanganisa: "wokwaba Works."; "Ingozi ungafaki ngaphandle igiya zokuzivikela"; Re akuhlanganisi! Sebenza ngaphansi kwamandla! ".
• Isexwayiso. Bakhomba ukuthi umuntu esondela ibanga yingozi izakhi conductive we "Misa High Voltage!"; "Musa ahileleke! Ingabe Kill!".
• Enquma. Lezizibonakaliso zisetshenziselwa ukhombise izindawo abasebenza ukufakwa nangendlela elondekile ngabo.

Amalebula kungenzeka ephathekayo noma umile.

ukulawula

Imithetho elawula ukumiswa inqubo yokwemukela ukufaka kagesi lwabantu hhayi ezenza inkonzo yabo. Lezi abasebenzi abavunyelwe ukuqhuba imisebenzi ethile kuphela khona kwabasebenzi abaneziqu ezifanele. Umuntu ohambisana umsebenzi ubophekile ukuba ulandele ukuphepha yokugcina, ukuxwayisa phezu Ukwenqatshelwa esondela izakhi conductive. abasebenzi baphesheya ugcwale igama ungubani, lapho kuyongenwa ulwazi mayelana ukuhlola ulwazi imithetho. Isitifiketi futhi kubonisa iqembu ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Lapho kuqala ukufika abasebenzi abasisiwe kumele aqeqeshwe. Ekilasini atadisha ukuphepha, ikhumbula izici zikagesi, ne abayobe besebenza.