Simila ubuchopho ngodonga esobala

Ezinye iziguli emva Ukuvakashela udokotela ungezwa uphethwe "simila ukwahlukanisa esobala." Leli gama kubangela ukukhathazeka bese ubheka ulwazi mayelana nokugula. Ngakho-ke yini nginesimila? Yeka indlela okuyingozi kube kungaba isifo? Yiziphi izimpawu kufanele sinake? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo kuyoba usizo abafundi abaningi.

Simila ubuchopho izindonga esobala: izithombe futhi incazelo jikelele

Yiqiniso, ukuze uqalise ukusingatha inani elithi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ubuchopho bomuntu ivikelwe sibonga izingqimba ezintathu, okungukuthi, okuqinile, nge cobwebs futhi ezithambile. Arachnoid iqukethe cerebrospinal fluid - uketshezi ozungezayo ubuchopho. Ekhuluma ngodonga esobala, abakubonisayo plate amabili ezondile nge medulla igebe, empeleni kuwahlukanise. Lokhu mehluko mkhulu ngokuphindwe endaweni ephakathi lwaleli futhi ingxenye phambi callosum Corpus.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane kuyaqondakala ukuthi umuntu ukhonjwe kusukela isimila arachnoid, okuyinto eba amandla futhi uya eba ngenxa ekuqongeleleni uketshezi. Iphinde kucacile ubuchopho simila izindonga. Ubukhulu we esiphezulu yena kunzima ukubiza, ngoba ngamunye icala ngazinye, lezi zibalo zihlukile. Kwezinye abantu, ukwakheka ububanzi 1-2 mm, kuyilapho omunye umgodi ikhula ngamasentimitha ambalwa.

Ngakho simila ngodonga esobala (it is kwezokwelapha kanye nginesimila Verga eyaziwa) - ukwakheka cavernous okuyinto ufana capsule encane nge nokunwebeka, izindonga eliminyene. Ngaphakathi iqukethe uketshezi - iyona oludakayo efanayo.

Izinhlobonhlobo izimila ezifana

Namuhla, kunamabandla ngeengaba eziningi yalesi sifo. Ukuze uqale, kuyafaneleka bethi simila ngodonga esobala kungaba azalwa naso (kwakheka ubuchopho umbungu e utero) noma atholwe (kwakhiwa esezele izingane noma abadala).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimila abahlukene ngenxa indawo yabo. Ngokwesibonelo, Kwezinye iziguli lesi simila itholakala endaweni anterior septum interventricular. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba esifundeni cerebellum futhi Corpus callosum. Lezi zici, yebo, kumele kubhekwe ekwelapheni.

simila kwakhiwa Kungani: sezizathu ezinkulu

Ukuze uqale, kuyafaneleka bethi simila ngodonga esobala ezimweni eziningi imiswe phakathi kwengane esiswini. Ngokwezibalo, zingu-60% wezingane (futhi 100% we ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi) bazalwa ubuchopho neoplasm. Kodwa nganginovalo kwalezi zibalo, akudingekile, kusukela 2/3 of the simila uziphetha ngaphandle kokudala yikuphi ukuphazamiseka.

Njengoba ngenxa yezizathu, ifana, kungakhathaliseki kukhona nginesimila ku omdala noma utero:

• izifo ephelezelwa ukuvuvukala meninges;
• ukulimala nezifo ukuthi ahambisana ukopha ebuchosheni;
• ngamazinga ahlukene ukuxukuzeka;
• umsuka ezithathelwanayo lesi sifo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingase zithinte meninges.

Simila ubuchopho ngodonga esobala: Izimpawu

Empeleni, ezimweni eziningi, ukuba khona imfundo enjalo ebuchosheni akusho sibonakalise - isiguli ngisho uqaphele ukuthi inkinga ikhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, simila esobala ubuchopho ukwahlukanisa, usayizi engesiyo likhulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile ngengozi kutholakele phakathi sitholakele nezinye izifo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye iziguli zisazoqhubeka ubhekane nezinselele - izimpawu zangaphandle esimweni nokwanda okuphawulekayo ubukhulu izimila. Simila iqala nokuqhuba ku nasezindaweni eziseduze ubuchopho, ngezinye izikhathi ligamanxa le foramen ka Monro. Yiziphi izimpawu kufanele sinake? Iziguli ngokuvamile esekhala ziwohloke kokulandelayo:

• izinhlungu zekhanda ezinamandla ezenzeka kungazelelwe futhi nje ngokuzumayo zinyamalale;
• waqinisa intracranial;
• kokunikezwa kwe-izinsizakuzwa - weziguli wabika ukwehla noma eziya ziba zimbi ubuthulu, umsindo ezindlebeni;
• Ezinye iziguli esekhala umuzwa ecindezela ekhanda.

Izindlela ukuhlola yesimanje

Uma usola khona izinhlumba kuyadingeka azokuqhubela uphethwe obuphelele. Imiphumela olunembile kakhulu etholakala ngokuzikhandla ikhompyutha ne-magnetic resonance tomography. Ngenxa udokotela ezifana ukuhlolwa ukucacisa indawo kanye nosayizi simila, degree of kokucindezelwa zobuchopho.

Kaningi, okwenza libukeke njengendandatho neoplasm enjalo ehambisana nokuba khona ezinye izifo. Yingakho ukuhlolwa igazi for ukutheleleka. Uma usola ukuthi ukuvuvukala kuyadingeka ukuze ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa ukuze kutholakale focus ukuvuvukala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Doppler ultrasound wenziwa, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukuthola izindawo ischemia. Kufanele futhi senze test isivinini igazi ekunqandeni. Inqubo zokuxilonga kulokhu eside futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla imithi izipesheli

Kuthiwani uma isiguli kutholakala nginesimila esobala ngodonga ingqondo? I izimpawu nokwelashwa ngalokhu kugula ezihlobene. Ngokwesibonelo, uma simila akuyona usongo nokuqhutshwa nezicubu ubuchopho, isiguli ayinakho izikhalazo mayelana nesimo sezempilo, kanye nokukhula izimila ingabonakali, ngaleso sikhathi udokotela angase anqume ukuba angazami afeze yokwelapha othize. Ezimweni ezinjalo, iziguli ziye zibopheke kabili ngonyaka ukuze baphumelele ekuhlolweni, ukwenza i-MRI noma-CT scan.

Ngokwemvelo, kubalulekile ukukhomba isifo eyinhloko futhi ngiqhuba ukwelashwa okufanele, kungaba isifo noma ukuvuvukala. Lapho senyusa izinga lomfutho womoya intracranial ezigulini ebekiwe izidakamizwa, normalizing nokusakazwa cerebrospinal fluid. Esikhathini isikimu yokwelapha ihlanganisa isisu osmotic (ukususa uketshezi olunqwabelene), ama-ejenti ngokuthuthukisa lasakazwa izicubu ubuchopho, nootropics.

Njengomthetho, intracranial ingcindezi ukuqapha kanye nokwelashwa isifo eyinhloko, kwanele - nginesimila kancane kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho zinyamalale ngokwalo. Ngeshwa, akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ezinye iziguli ezidinga ukuthi kungenelelwe kuhlinzwa. Ukuze uqale nge-probe ekhethekile odongeni simila umgodi senziwa, okuyothi ketshezi ikhululwa ngesi-ventricle ingqondo. Ngo-80% amacala, le nqubo ikuvumela ukuba balahle neziqu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuvulwa phakathi kwezindonga namanje uvaliwe, kungena udokotela wakho anganquma ku isidingo ukuhlinzwa dlula.

yezinkinga olungenzeka sifo

Yikuphi yezinkinga kungabangela ubuchopho simila ngodonga okusobala? Imiphumela kwezinye iziguli, ayingozi kakhulu. Yebo, njengoba kushiwo, kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo akudingi ukwelashwa, futhi ngokuvamile lokho kwanele isimila e meninges uziphetha.

Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhula ngokushesha futhi enamandla izinhlumba ngokungabi bikho ukwelashwa kusongelwa. Phela, leli bhuloho licindezele imithambo yegazi kanye nerve izicubu, ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla namangqamuzana ezinzwa kubangela nokwehliswa kwesithunzi izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene ubuchopho, ngenxa yalokho kancane kancane amaseli ulahlekelwe imisebenti yabo. Lokhu kungathinta izitho sezinzwa (isb, zikhona izinkinga bokuzwa noma umbono) noma ikhono ngefanelo nangokuvumelana.

Ingabe simila ngodonga esobala ekufeni? Yiqiniso, yebo. Kodwa ezimweni ezinjalo ezibikwa akuvamile futhi ngokujwayelekile ohambisana nesifanekiso ukwenqaba ukwelashwa noma ukungakwazi ukuthola usizo lochwepheshe.

izinyathelo

Ngeshwa, iyiphi ethize kusho nokuvimbela isifo ayikho. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthola ubukhona izinhlumba futhi unikeze isiguli ngosizo oludingekayo. Ngokwemvelo, isiguli kumelwe ibhekane ukuhlolwa njalo, ngisho noma ngabe ukwelashwa okukhethekile akudingekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutuswa ukuba ugweme nezimo ezisongela amabombo ukulimala noma concussions (isib, ukushintsha uhlobo umsebenzi). Kubalulekile esifike ngesikhathi futhi kahle ukuqhuba yokwelapha izifo ukuvuvukala futhi ezithathelwanayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ukuhlonza izifo ezihilela a lesion isimiso sezinzwa. Ephambi kwezinduna iyiphi izimpawu alamu kufanele afune usizo lodokotela.