Saturn Atmosphere: Ukwakheka, isakhiwo

Iplanethi Saturn ubhekwa njengesilwane esisengcupheni amaplanethi igesi zingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu Solar System. Ubukhulu lesibili ngemuva kokuthi i-Jupiter, inobungako omkhulu futhi ungqimba aminyene izindandatho okuyinto bayamhaqa. Saturn umkhathi - into iminyaka eminingi kuye kwaba isihloko ososayensi lwendaba. Kodwa namuhla yaziwa kakhulu ukuthi amagesi yisisekelo kwayo yonke indikimba yezikhonzi emoyeni ongenawo eqinile.

Umlando yezinto ezinkulu

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, ososayensi babekholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lwethu ivaliwe kule planethi omkhulu futhi orbit akanalutho. Ucwaningo lwakhe abathintekayo kusukela ezikude 1610, ngemva uGalileo kubhekwe Saturn ngokusebenzisa isibonakude, kanye Amarekhodi zabo khona izindandatho yakhe. Ngaleyo minyaka, akekho wayengakaze acabange ukuthi nendikimba ethile esemkhathini kuhlukile eMhlabeni, Venus noma Mars, ngisho kokuba surface yenziwe yonke ngamafayela we igesi, eliwu okushisa zicatshangwe. Ukuba khona emkhathini Saturn kuphela ukuqinisekisile kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi yesimanje kuphela bakwazi ukuba baphethe ngokuthi iplanethi - ibhaluni igesi. ayencike kuyo uphenyo "Voyager 1", elikwaziyo ukukhulula uphenyo zangaphandle emkhathini. izithombe eyatholakala, okuyinto ekhombise okuqukethwe ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe hydrogen Saturn amafu, kanye nezinye amagesi eziningi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ucwaningo Kwenziwa kuphela ngesisekelo nemibono izibalo. Bese kuyafaneleka ukuphetha wazi ukuthi omunye amaplanethi oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke futhi nhlobo kuze kube manje yiso Saturn.

Ukuba khona emkhathini, ukubunjwa yayo

Siyazi ukuthi amaplanethi eliwumhlaba, okuyizinto iseduze Sun, ayinayo emkhathini. Kodwa lena umzimba okuqinile, okuyinto aqukethe itshe nensimbi, abe nesisindo ethile kanye nemingcele ezifanele kuso. Nge igesi Balloons izinto zihluke kakhulu. Isibhakabhaka Saturn sika - oluyisisekelo siqu sakhe. Endless igesi evala, fogs namafu ziqoqwa e isamba Amazing ukwakha ukuma eyindilinga ngenxa yamandla kazibuthe omhlaba core. Ngesisekelo emkhathini iplanethi sika hydrogen ukuze langema-96 yalo. Njengoba ukungcola nezinye amagesi abakhona, wacondza lapho kuxhomeke ukujula. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanzi amakristalu zokuguqulwa ezahlukene ice kanye nezinye izinto eziphilayo kufanele ku-Saturn.

Laba bobabili zamatshe umkhathi ngezithako zawo

Ngakho umoya Saturn sika ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili: olwelwesini futhi kwangaphakathi. Eyokuqala amaphesenti 96,3 we-hydrogen-molecular amaphesenti 3 - ane-helium. Lezi amagesi eziyisisekelo admixed izingxenye ezifana phosphine, ammonia, methane ne ethane. Lapha kwenzeke eqinile ebusweni umoya Isivinini ifinyelela 500 m / s. Ngokuqondene ungqimba engezansi emkhathini, le-hydrogen metallic owandile lapha - mayelana 91 amaphesenti, ne-helium. Esimweni esinjalo, kukhona namafu ammonium hydrosulfide. Isendlalelo aphansi u aspirated njalo eliwu umkhawulo. Njengoba sisondela lokushisa core ifinyelela izinkulungwane UKelvin, ngoba kuze kube yilolo ukuhlola iplanethi esebenzisa iphenya akhiqizwa on Earth, akunakwenzeka.

imihlola asemkhathini

I imihlola ezivamile kule planethi kukhona umoya neziphepho. ukugeleza kakhulu ohlabayo kusukela empumalanga kuya entshonalanga maqondana Ukujikeleza Axial. Enkabazwe kukhona ukusikhohlisa okuncane, bese kuphakama aqhelile ngasentshonalanga notshwala kuwo. Exist ku-Saturn kanye nendawo lapho imvamisa njalo endabeni ethile izenzakalo sezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona okusaqanda esikhulu esimhlophe e Nenkabazwe eningizimu kanye njalo eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. Phakathi nalezi "sezulu esibi" umoya Saturn sika, okwakhiwa kwalo okunye kunomthelela lesi simanga, zonke ngampela ingu eligcwele umbani. Esithweni zenzeka ogxile e zindawo ephakathi yenkabazwe nezingongolo. Ngokuphathelene yokugcina, khona-ke into enkulu ubhekwa i-aurora. nokuqubuka Stronger zenzeka enyakatho, ngoba kukhona amandla kazibuthe kunamandla eningizimu. Ukuvutha siyavela ngesimo izindandatho okusaqanda noma ethandelayo.

Ingcindezi futhi lokushisa

Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, umkhathi Saturn sika kwenza iplanethi kuphole ngokwanele uma eqhathaniswa Jupiter, kodwa yebo, akunjalo ezineqhwa njengoba Uranus ne-Neptune. Amazinga engenhla imayelana -178 degrees Celsius ngesikhathi imimoya njalo kanye neziphepho. Sizi- ukuthuthela nucleus, ingcindezi more kuyanda, ngakho-ke, liyaphuma futhi lokushisa. Ezingqimbeni phakathi kuba -88 degrees, futhi ingcindezi - abangaba yinkulungwane eziphindwe. Ngesikhathi phuzu lapho uphenyo ifinyelele, izinga lokubanda lalingu kuzoni 3. Ngokusho izibalo esifundeni ingcindezi core kule planethi ifinyelela eziphindwe 3 million. Uma lokhu lokushisa kuyinto 11.700 degrees Celsius.

Afterword

Kafushane, sibuyekeze lokho ku isakhiwo umoya Saturn sika. Ukwakheka ongaqhathaniswa Jupiter, kukhona ukufana ne-imidondoshiya ice - Uranus ne-Neptune. Kodwa, njengoba zonke ibhola gas, Saturn uhlukile oyiyo. Kukhona enamandla kakhulu imimoya uthule, ingcindezi ifinyelela indices ongavamile, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa kuyinto epholile (ngokuya yezinkanyezi).