Russia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ubudlelwano kanye imibuso yezwe

Russian ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso amandla onamandla Eurasia. Leli zwe udumo kubaluleke kakhulu ngamazwe.

Ekuqaleni kwawo-wonke umlando 19-20, isimo ngamazwe luye isizinda ukushikashikeka ngenxa uhlelo lokuhlelwa kabusha uthi olukhulu emhlabeni, eqinisa wadla oqondile (ngokujoyina) izindawo ezahlukene ukuguqulwa yabo ibe ikoloni.

inqubomgomo waseRussia angaphandle ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwenziwa ngokuhambisana isikhundla womhlaba, amasu, izithakazelo geopolitical nezomnotho. Kulokhu, ukungalandelani kuphawuliwe ukukhethwa Ezinye zezindawo ezibekwe eqhulwini kanye nomfelandawonye. Isimo zaba zimbi ngu ukuguquguquka nezindlela ukuthi wakhetha UNikolai 2 ukuqaliswa tenchubomgomo angaphandle.

Nokho, ingxenye phezulu kahulumeni (Stolypin, Witte), ngoba siqaphela ingozi yentuthuko impi nesimanje izwe, wathi ufuna ukungenzela ukusetshenziswa obunokuthula, izindlela zokubonisana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Russia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, it is bahileleke ezindabeni kwezikhali.

Enye ingxenye imibuthano kahulumeni (Sazonov, BEZOBRAZOV, njll), ukudlala njengoba liqhubeka uzuza indawo, wathatha isimo sokuma expansionary.

Russia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kuye lugcinwa ngokwayo bendabuko inqubomgomo angaphandle izinkomba. Isikhathi esiningi, namanje, kwakubhekwa njengento eMpumalanga Ephakathi. isimo Russian owayebonakala Balkan izizwe sizana nomvikeli. Nokho, ngenxa ekuqiniseni ubudlelwano phakathi wamazwe friendly nabo, eRussia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 bahlangana kokuphikisa kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Alliance emkhakheni European namazwe ezifana-Austria-Hungary, Germany selehlile ngaphezulu. Asizange ukuletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu ekusungulweni kwe budlelwano lobuzuzisa futhi imihlangano eminingi ne uMbusi German Russian. Ngakho, ke wawuzofekela zonke imizamo ukwakha umfelandawonye Russian-German-French. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Russia ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, phakathi ezingqubuzanayo elala eJalimane, eqinisa ubungane France, kwaphela iminyaka engu-1891-1893, waphoqeleka ukuthi akasondele eduze England.

Ngemva ukusayinwa 1904 isivumelwano phakathi kweBrithani neFrance, phakathi ezikhulayo impi German Uhulumeni Russian lase ivume umfelandawonye Anglo-French. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izenzo Russia ayengavunyelwe asekelwe futhi England futhi France, okuyinto wamphoqa ukufuna isivumelwano uhulumeni German.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 uMbuso Russian nginogqozu ngaphezulu eMpumalanga Ekude inqubomgomo angaphandle isiqondiso. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi eMpumalanga Ekude siyindawo eliganukejako zonke uthi omkhulu izithakazelo zabo ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

Kaningi ngihlupheke ubudlova lingabacindezeli phezu ingxenye emazweni amaningi emuva futhi China ababuthakathaka. Amakoloni (zone ithonya) usezuze eJalimane, eNgilandi, eFrance. Melika (USA) wamemezela siphethe ngokuthini ngemfundiso yokuthi "amathuba alinganayo kanye iminyango ivulekile", okuholela umkhuba kuya "ubugqila" of China emkhakheni kwezomnotho. Ukuze eJapane, eKorea yahamba, the Pescadores Islands, Taiwan.

Uhulumeni Japanese ihlose ukuthatha indima yokuhola esifundeni Pacific. Ukufunwa kudalwa "Greater Asia", walungisa i-ekuthatheni Manchuria - esifundazweni esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga e-China. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, isimo Russian usongo indawo imvume imingcele Japan empumalanga.

Bekanye namanye amazwe, Russia uye wafuna abe ngumnikazi Ekude esishintshashintshayo kwabo ithonya. Ngo-1896, uphetha ngokuthi ubuhlobo ukuzivikela nge yeChina Japan. Ngo Manchuria ngo-1900 babe vedeny amasosha Russian. Ngo-1903 izinkulumo Russian-Japanese on isiphetho of Korea kanye Manchuria abangu zifinyelele kwangqingetshe. Kwakuhlangene isifiso zombili ibe nethonya kule China. Ngesikhathi esifanayo England basekela Japan. Ngo-1902, umfelandawonye Anglo-Japanese kuphothuliwe. Futhi ngo-1904 - kwaba unyaka kugqashuka impi (isiRashiya, isi-Japanese).