Rifle "trehlineyka": izici, izithombe. Kungani Mosin sokuzingela ngokuthi "trehlineykoy"?

Manje-ke kwenzeka emlandweni, kodwa ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, abantu abaningi usacabanga ukuthi isibhamu "trehlineyka" futhi Mosin sokuzingela - kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ngokuphelele izikhali. Kuyihlazo ukuthi leli phutha siyaqhubeka ingadlulela kusuka ubaba endodaneni ezizukulwane eziningana. Sekuyisikhathi ayeke futhi ufunde umlando. Ngoba yikuphi amahloni. Yikuphi okumele siziqhenye. Mayelana ofuna ukukusho. Phela, ungoyedwa ongazazi izinto azenza esikhathini esidlule kangifanele ikusasa lakho. Yebo futhi kuyoba mnandi anele ukuthuthukiswa jikelele ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni sokuzingela Mosin kungani "trehlineyka" nokuthi ngokuvamile kwaba ukuthi uyilowo izikhali ezinkulu kakhulu ekhiqizwa engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Isizinda izikhali edume

Ekupheleni yebutho Russian XIX leminyaka iye kahle ifakwe abaphikisi ngobuchwepheshe kakhulu bakhiphe elezinga eliphansi. nezinselelo njalo zangaphandle zidinga izikhali ezintsha impi wasebukhosini. Ukusetshenziswa monovalent sokuzingela Berdan American ukukhiqiza akazange athembisa ngokunqoba yebutho Russian. It kudingeka ukuphinda isikhali indlela enokwethenjelwa.

ithenda Grand wamemezela Tsar isiRashiya, echazwe izincwadi zomlando eziningi yayingekho efana ngaleso sikhathi. Akuwona wonke isimo inikeza igolide umklamo kanye nokuhlinzekwa a elihambayo ukuphinda isibhamu. Prototypes okufakiwe yikhomishana, kwadingeka amaphutha amaningi. Inkulumo ethi "ukuwela ezinhle kunazo lokho intengo ezingabukeki yakhe" kwehla ngengozi ukuthi omunye kwamalungu aleli komiti, eseqedile ithenda ukukhetha izikhali. Kwanqunywa ukuba ukusungula imagazini ezinhlanu-shot nge Element cartridges akhiwa abafowethu Nagan, e trilinear yasekhaya Mosin isibhamu. Ukubukeza izithombe, abaningi bebuza: "Kungani sokuzingela ngokuthi" trehlineykoy "?"

imigqa ezintathu?

Igama isibhamu wanika amasosha abavamile, owawungumnyaka kunzima ukubiza igama egcwele isikhali: ". Trilinear isibhamu isampula ngonyaka 1891" Bangaki nobunzima, lokhu ngokuqinisekile uyokwakhelwa alungise.

1. Ngokusho isivumelwano phakathi kwabazalwane Nagan futhi Tsarist Russia egameni isibhamu asivunyelwe ukunikeza igama umdali olulodwa, okungukuthi, "Mosin isibhamu" - akunakwenzeka, futhi "Mosin-Nagant isibhamu" kungaba. Akwaziwa ukuthi jikelele necebo umbono yokushisekela izwe, kodwa kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-Athazeksesi, isikhali wazala igama uyaziqhenya "isibhamu trehlineyka". Kungani lelo gama? Zonke sibonga ubukhulu izinhlamvu.
2. isilinganiso Russian ubude "umugqa" ilingana 2,54 mm, futhi lalisetshenziswa ngokwahlukana kakolweni zokutshala. Ububanzi uhlamvu lukakolweni umugqa ezinhle. Berdan osezingeni sokuzingela kwaba 4 imigqa - 10.16 mm. Ukuze uthuthukise izici ukusebenza isibhamu, kwanqunywa ukuba sinciphise ubukhulu. Ngiphakathi amasentimitha noma amamilimitha angu sasingesona leso ukuze wehlise? On line elilodwa! Ngenxa yalokho osezingeni sokuzingela baba 7,62 mm, futhi umbhalo okuphelele elikhona igama isikhali.

I-apharathasi begodu Ukucaciswa

Kukhona esinye isici, ngenxa eyamukela ibutho bobukhosi kwavunyelwana "trehlineyka". I isibhamu ine izici lobuchwepheshe cishe amaningi izimbangi zayo, njengoba kufakazelwa izithombe ezithathwe izintatheli ezazivela emhlabeni wonke. Nokho, kuyinto isikhali kuphela emhlabeni lokho kusheshe ukuqaqa noma behlangana enkundleni yempi. Zonke sibonga lula design - azikho nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Mainspring nge wesigubhu afakwe kude. kokucindezelwa kwalo kwenzeka ngesikhathi kuvulwa isivalo. Ngesikhathi ayo okuphetha kwenzeka Leli qembu wezigubhu. Ukubeka yezokuphepha isibhamu sakhe, udinga kushiya onqenqemeni ezingemuva yokushutha, ukudonsa yokuhluleka emuva bese uvula kwewashi. Kungokufanayo inhlamvu "trehlineyku" angahunyushwa ngokuthi azithole esesikhundleni labadubuli ngokudonsa ngokugcwele.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isibhamu "trehlineyka" umlilo ehloniphekile ziphephile isici kuphela insabule esinqunyiwe. Into wukuthi kanzima, insabule sorokasantimetrovy kuyinto akhokhele lapho kokudubula, enika isiqu Ufaka phakathi shot - le nkinga umiselwe kuphela ngo-1938 armourers Russian.

Ukulungiswa design amachashazi

Chuck "trehlineyki" lakhiwa Vetlischev umklami isiRashiya, esekelwe emikhonweni Lebel. Bottle-ezimise nge lip ophumile okukhishwa Russian imikhono ishibhile nge inkatho annular, okuyinto angaphansi izimfuno ephakeme phakathi kwenqubo. Nge blunt ichashazi ezicijile, waboleka, kwacaca ukuthi uma ahlahlela nanobe isithombe, amaFulentshi, kakhulu, waba nezinkinga ezithile. Okokuqala, kuba shot isivinini elahlekile ngokushesha futhi kwaba ayizwakali at amabanga amade. isinqumo ukusebenzisa isimo esicacile wamukelwa ngonyaka 1908. Lolu shintsho isibhamu "trehlineyka" eyamukela ichashazi ithole mayelana ezimbili amakhilomitha. Kamuva, ngaphansi ichashazi ezicijile, eyamukelwa, nezinye amasampula ukudayiswa kwezikhali ezincane ezakhiwa - isibhamu umshini "Maxim", Kusho ukuthini ukuba umKristu, SVT-40.

Infantry kuqhuma Mosin

Rifle "trehlineyka" esidalelwe elihamba, kwadingeka emgqonyeni eside, ilingana 800 mm. Uma kucatshangelwa insabule kanye Imininingwane Butt ubude babuyizingalo 1738 mm. Sikhishwe isisindo isibhamu (4.5 kg), kungaba kuqashelwe ukuthi izingalo bebelokhu kunalokho nzima. Kusukela labadubuli we Mosin sokuzingela ngaphandle ashaya kwaba ingaphumeleli, izikhali kwadingeka ukuba usetshenziselwe amafushane. Phakathi Russian-Japanese War, kanye eliphezulu amandla okubhubhisa "trehlineyki" Ngathola izinkinga eziningi. Endaweni yokuqala kwatholakala ukuthi uma sokudubula njalo umgqomo heats, evutha umcibisholo izandla. A ethile yesibili enkulu kwaba insabule alithembekile entabeni, okuyinto ashaye kusukela ikhefu izikhawu eziningana. Ngemva kwempi kwanqunywa ukuba ayeke ukukhululwa kwe elihamba ngezibhamu.

"Trehlineyki" Dragoon futhi Cossack isampula

Kanye ngezibhamu for elihamba ekhiqizwa ukukhululwa "trehlineek" ngoba amahhashi kanye Cossacks nge mfushane 70 mm emgqonyeni. Kancane yokulahlekelwa ijubane kokuqala inhlamvu, isibhamu kubonisa imiphumela emihle njengoba ngokudubula nge insabule, futhi ngaphandle kwalo. Dragoon isibhamu "trehlineyka" namanje unikeza insabule, kodwa kula mabutho Cossack, kwakusobala ukuthi akudingekile. Ukuba polukilogrammovuyu umehluko isisindo kanye nobude esifushane kuka elihamba ngezibhamu ngezinyawo ezimbili - kwaba ezahlukene ngokuphelele "trehlineyka". Alisindi futhi ebulalayo isikhali ngokushesha kwaduma phakathi kwamasosha, njengoba kufakazelwa izithombe eziningi ngesikhathi. Ake sithi babe amaphutha amancane e ongaziwa indawo ramrod futhi ngokuphazamisa egqoke ehlombe langakwesokunxele, kodwa angezukuhambisana izici Tactical futhi technical kwezikhali. okubuyayo kusukela amasosha owasebenzisa isibhamu mfushane, ophoqelelwe gunsmiths kubuketa design yabo futhi wenze izinguquko emklamweni. Futhi kwakukhona isibhamu esisodwa Mosin - "trehlineyka" isampula ngo-1930.

Mosin-Nagant enkonzweni amatilosi amaphoyisa

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amasosha ibutho bobukhosi unakekele zempi, emi service Navy kanye Amaphoyisa. "Trehlineyka" ukuthi wathunyelwa kanye nenganono "Revolver", amatilosi ngakho konke nabaqaphi komthetho. I isibhamu ilethwa ngaphandle insabule futhi kakhulu mfushane. Abafakaza izikhali uyaziqhenya igama ka "carbine Mosin." Lapho umgqomo sokuzingela 510 mm ubude jikelele komyalelo wokungabi imitha elilodwa. Isisindo izikhali nezinhlamvu umnyuziki ingeqi amakhilogremu amane. Ake kokuqala velocity we ichashazi phansi kunangonyaka ngezibhamu eside barreled, a carbine namanje yabonisa sokudubula ukusebenza okuhle Ephakathi, futhi uhla olude. Hlonza futhi ubuthaka izingalo - emfushane kakhulu umshudo isibambo in the isikhundla avaliwe ebulawa uhlangothi, ukudala ubuhlungu lapho ezihambayo isibhamu ngesikhathi ngokudubula.

Ukuthuthukiswa eziningana "trehlineyki"

Ikhumbula okwashiwo amasosha mayelana emihle nemibi zonke izinhlobo izikhali isibhamu "trehlineyka" kushintshiwe. Ekuqaleni, ngo-1923, njengoba base, kwanqunywa ukuba ushiye sokuzingela dragoon. Ngo-1930-ke yashintsha lonke uhlelo ifihlekile. Ubambo phathelana iziqu ngamamitha, futhi fly ithole iringi fuse. lokhuni Uhlaka obuphelele iye kukhuphuke ngo cishe ubude lonke umgqomo. Lokhu emisha ukuvikela ngokubulawa amabutho ukusha ngephutha. isikhali Kushintshwe ngokomthetho eyaziwa ngokuthi Mosin isibhamu. Ngo-1944-ke yashintsha ramrod futhi yasibamba insabule, kwezinkinga eziphikelelayo eyayintula "trehlineyka". Rifle insabule wathola uhlangothi flip, kokubili izikhali laseJalimane ngesikhathi.

Ukuguqulwa "trehlineek" ngoba amabutho ezikhethekile

Mosin isibhamu ( "trehlineyka") phakathi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ke yayidumile phakathi lokudutshulwa: nje sibheke izithombe heroes odumile empini. izici Tactical futhi technical izikhali avunyelwe ukulwa kusukela ibanga cishe amabili amakhilomitha. Ububanzi ezinhle umlilo namandla okusezingeni eliphezulu ezibhubhisayo babe nenqubo eziyisisekelo ngokukhetha izikhali lokudutshulwa. Ekuqaleni, onjiniyela wasebenzisa isibhamu ikopishwe amaJalimane emine isikhathi emehlweni optical PE. Nokho, izindleko okusezingeni eliphezulu nokuba yinkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza yayo uholé yokuthi ngo-1942 wafakwa inkonzo 3.5-phinda PU ububanzi, eyabonisa uqobo lapho belwa namaphoyisa isandla engcono. Scouts futhi wafika engqondweni "trehlineyka". Rifle kulolu hlobo amabutho kwaba ifakwe silencer, olwasungulwa abazalwane Russian Mitin ( "Bram" kudivayisi). Isikhali nge silencer kanye yokukhanya isicelo ukuketula amayunithi ebuthweni laseSoviet.

izinganekwane abathandwayo Soviet mayelana "trehlineykah"

Kungani Mosin sokuzingela ngokuthi "trehlineykoy", siqonda. It uhlala ukuqonda onjani izinganekwane namanje sekudlule ngomlomo ngoba ecishe ibe ikhulu, hhayi kuphela ukuthi Russian niqhubeke amabhere, kodwa futhi pasta nogwayi 7,62. Thanda, endabeni le ukukhiqizwa impi ngomzuzwana kungenziwa iguqulwe ekukhiqizeni ezakhiwe ngayo isibhamu "trehlineyke" Mosin. Kungaba kweqiniso?

yasetshenziselwa isilinganiso Russian ngenkuthalo, futhi ngemva kokuwa umbuso Tsarist, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Izwe yakhiwa futhi ngawakhulisa ngezinyawo zabo zonke izinhlobo izimboni. Yabizwa ukudla nogwayi imikhiqizo. Bocwepheshe Iningi kakade abadala abangafuni ikakhulukazi ufuna ukuthuthela isilinganiso entsha obuphelele, ngakho sebenzisa efanayo emgqeni production. Kwanele ukunikeza pasta nogwayi ngobukhulu 4 noma imigqa engu-2, futhi konke uyowela endaweni. Ikhumbula ukuthi ezindaweni eziningi umkhakha ubuchwepheshe akashintshile kusukela ukwakhiwa izitshalo, ungenza iziphetho zakho siqu mayelana izinganekwane.