Kuyini ijubane inhlamvu? Ijubane inhlamvu

Inhlamvu zihlukile. Bona kuxhomeke ohlotsheni izikhali basuke ezenzelwe yona. Kukhona amagobolondo for izibhamu, rifled, womoya. Ngakho, babheka ezahlukene. Usayizi kunqunywa hlobo nobukhulu izikhali.

Kukhona izinhlamvu ezinkulu bukhoma, amachashazi ezinkulu noma ezincane kakhulu amavolovolo nenganono.

Nokho, ijubane inhlamvu izonqunywa, ngokungagcini nje ngokubashumayeza lingakanani. Lokhu kuthonywa nezinye izinto eziningi.

Izimo letitsintsa ijubane inhlamvu

Inani yezizathu kungase kukwenze wephuze Isivinini sokuqala projectile lapho ixoshe kusuka isibhamu. Cabanga ayinhloko.

1. lokushisa Ambient. I ephansi izinga lokushisa, amandla esisetshenziswa Ukushisa powder kanye indiza projectile, isb kokuqala ukuhamba izinga liyancipha.
2. Umsizi Umswakama. I uya woma powder kuba, ayanda kuzoba yinani we velocity kokuqala, kusukela ingcindezi umgqomo isikhali.
3. Ukuma kanye nosayizi nangangesihlabathi neziqhumane. I zikanokusho abahlakazekile zesandulela icala Propellant, ngokushesha base uyozishisa. Ngakho-ke, ukwandisa Isivinini kokuqala shot inhlamvu.
4. Icala ukuminyana powder. Ukuze Ubuningi bamahora kahle futhi ngokuphepha ukushaja umkhiqizo powder kudinga izibalo ubunjiniyela ekhethekile olunembile. Ngaphandle kwawo, ukweqisa izidakamizwa kungenzeka e powder, okuyoholela i detonation yangaphakathi kwezikhali. Noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Undercharge, okuyoholela okweqile umgqomo isikhali. Ungazami afeze ukulayisha kabusha powder ingxenye izingalo!
5. Ubude umgqomo isibhamu. Umgqomo emifushane, isikhathi ushintsho umphumela sakugcina Propellant amagesi, okuyinto kunciphisa ijubane inhlamvu.
6. isisindo umkhiqizo. Inhlamvu ukuxegiselwa ngesisindo, ephakeme Isivinini yayo sokuqala.

Lelo nalelo phuzu ingahluka kancane kuye ngohlobo oluthile isikhali. Kukhokonke, kodwa-mibandela kuthinte eyinhloko futhi ijubane jikelele inhlamvu uma kuqhubeka lokhu.

Uyini chronograph?

Chronograph - idivayisi ekhethekile elikuvumela ukulandelela ezinye izinkomba igobolondo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle nedivayisi esekelwe idatha etholwe ukuba bafinyelele esiphethweni mayelana ijubane layo uma igijima kungenzeka.

Idivayisi yakhelwe ukuze ngosizo yayo ungakwazi kalula hlola ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe izikhali esitolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inquma isiqalo ijubane jikelele yinhlamvu.

Lapho chronograph ingasetshenziswa ukubuka futhi ukuhlola izinkomba elandelayo izikhali:

• ingcindezi cylindrical (ezingeni lakhe);
• entwasahlobo ukukhathala noma osvintsovku emgqonyeni;
• ithuluzi sizobonisa isisindo igobolondo;
• Kuyoba ukuhlola ikhwalithi;
• khombisa ukuwohloka izinyembezi we cuff we piston;
• lokushisa.

kudivayisi Electronic by izibalo kanye nokuthatha izinto ngokuvamile uyonika imiphumela yangempela ngaphesheya ibhodi. Nokho, it has nezihibe.

nemibi chronograph

Idivayisi has a isisindo ezithile kanye nosayizi, okwenza kube ngaso sonke isikhathi elula ukusebenzisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (isb, ensimini). Kukhona ukuntuleka idivayisi ingase ihlanganise iphutha izilinganiso (e). Akukhona sikhulu kakhulu, kodwa noma kunjalo unendawo ukuba.

Idivayisi esiphikisayo inikwe amandla futhi wama ukuncika endaweni yokucacisa (igumbi), ngenxa okuyinto uzoba uhlobo iphutha ukufundwa.

Esinembile yangempela trajectory inhlamvu, idivayisi ezinjalo ngeke kakhulu, ngoba lokhu kufanele usebenzise enye indlela yokukala.

Cross amabanga ehlukene

Kuyinto esinembile futhi indlela yangempela ngalo ungakwazi ukunquma ijubane inhlamvu. Lokhu kuzodinga ukunakekelwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ikhompyutha wokubala ballistic, okuzokwenza ukwaziswa okugcwele nokubeka izibalo sinembe kakhulu.

Umsebenzi simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• umthwalo e-ballistic wokubala idatha kudingekile ukuthi ukuthatha isikhali aphume siqu kanye nemingcele yomenzi wathola (ezibhekiswe izingalo 100 m zero);
• Kwetfula isisindo igobolondo zeroing ibanga;
• Sikala nomthwalo ukuphakama emehlweni phezu izikhali emgqonyeni;
• umakhi ukuthatha idatha abahlangene bodwana ngokucwasa mpo futhi enezingqimba e yokukhanya;
• Lokushisa ukufundwa benza futhi umfutho womoya ngesikhathi socwaningo (ngokunembile, lo wangempela futhi umphumela uyoba qualitatively);
• engamamitha ngaphezu kogu lolwandle;
• ijubane inhlamvu umkhiqizi.

I wokubala izoba lumbago amagrafu amabanga. Lithi 200, 300, 500 kanye 700 metres. amabanga amade uma is hhayi Kunconywa. Ngo amakholomu lapho ucele 1MOA, bhala amanani alandelayo ngokomyalo yokuqhelelana: 5.8; 8.7; 14.5; 20.3 amasentimitha.

Zonke ezinye msebenzi kuphela igundane ukuchofoza wokubala. Landela Itilosi kudivayisi ballistic, futhi umphumela uyoba inkomba olunembile futhi yangempela uyini velocity we indiza inhlamvu.

Ezinye amagugu ezahlukene osezingeni igobolondo Isivinini ngomshini

Njengoba ngishilo ngenhla, ukunikeza ukuhlolwa olunembile izinkomba ezifana izinga kunzima. Ngezindlela eziningi, it is kunqunywa ngembangela. Nokho, amagugu eseduze ngomshini amachashazi ezahlukene obujwayelekile kungaletha.

Ucwaningo izibalo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukubaluleka ijubane igobolondo ezindizayo umshini kuzoncika imodeli futhi osezingeni, kanjalo kube khona ukuhlukahluka imininingwane eyethulwa. Kodwa lezi amaphutha amancane, bese ukulungise ngoba izikhali zabo omunye zingaba ngabanikazi.

AK-74 osezingeni othomathikhi 5.45H39

Uma ukudubula yenziwa evamile (ezivamile) igobolondo, isilinganiso data izinga inhlamvu ukukhombisa imiphumela mayelana 870 m / s. Uma ibanga ukwenza cishe 500 metres, izinga lehla 428 m / s.

Lolu hlobo isibhamu ine isiqu side, ngakho ijubane ichashazi siphakeme ngokwanele.

AKS-74U 5.45H39 osezingeni AK-101

Uma sikhuluma ijubane inhlamvu wadubula kusukela AKS-74U nge a osezingeni 5.45H39, kuba cishe 740 m / s. Ngaphansi kwalowo odlule, ngoba umgqomo mufushane.

AK-101 osezingeni 5.56h45, kunalokho, bonisa Chile omuhle kakhulu lokhu inkomba. Mayelana 930 m / s, ngenxa eside emgqonyeni izikhali isakhiwo. analog American umgqomo isikhali ine obuphelele nakakhulu, ngoba zombili izinhlobo imishini cartridges ukulingana ezifanayo anenani kokuqala kwesilinganiso labadubuli.

AK-47 othomathikhi

Amagobolondolo yalezi zikhali abe mass obukhulu kunobukaJohane bonke abalandeli AK, ngakho abe namandla eqinile eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini. Nokho, ijubane kunabayeni ozakwabo ngoba 740 m kuphela / s. Noma kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu ngokwanele ukuba umshini kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso asabekayo sina lokushaya izikhali.

Nomlomo amandla amachashazi

Ngaphezu isivinini, isici esibaluleke kakhulu futhi amandla yinhlamvu. Ukuze abale amandla nomlomo kuwufanele ukukhumbula evamile esikoleni physics Yiqiniso. Ifomula elula kungaba: (mass x Isivinini) ^2/2 (nesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu, ijubane ngamamitha ngomzuzwana).

Kungani kubalulekile ukuba sinake amandla igobolondo? Ngoba amandla - lingamandla inhlamvu, ukulwa izici zako ezisemqoka. Isisindo ngaphezulu nesivinini ephakeme, ngakho consequently ephakeme kanye namandla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhali ngokwayo inamandla kakhulu futhi imiphumela yesikhathi eside ezayo.

Ngamanye amazwi, kuba ifomula evamile sokubalwa amandla kinetic zomzimba. Ubuningi nomlomo lukagesi ichashazi babe izibhamu. Bathi ulinganisele isisindo kanye nesivinini sokuqala ichashazi ukuze umsebenzi etholwe enamandla futhi ephumelelayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, at ibanga cishe 100 metres ukujula sokuzingela ichashazi okufakwayo material ngokwanele aminyene kuyinto 0.6 kuya 350 cm. Lokhu kwaziswa, ezifana steel plate, ukhuni, steel plate, ungqimba oluthambile, amatshe noma itshe ochotshoziwe, akhiwe, umhlaba noma egandayekile iqhwa. Lezi idatha zisekelwe izifundo amandla nomlomo zokukhanya isisindo amachashazi.

Ngokusobala, ukubaluleka kwengosi kuba velocity nomlomo amandla kwanoma iyiphi projectile likhulu kakhulu, futhi inquma amandla eside izikhali.

Airguns

Akunjalo endulo, lwenziwe phakathi abanikazi pneumatics inhlolovo ngesihloko: "Kuyini ijubane inhlamvu emoyeni wakho isibhamu" Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukushintshashintsha iphesenti e isivinini ehlukahlukene kakhulu.

Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, iningi iqhaza kulolu cwaningo (20%) ka awumfanekiso 220-305 m / s. Njengoba lena, leso simiso evamile ngesilinganiso ngoba pneumatics, lesi sibalo akakubangeli bangabethembi.

Nokho, cishe 9% abaphendula zithi izikhali zabo ichashazi velocity of 380 m / s nokuningi. Okungukuthi, lesi sibalo kuphakamisa ukungabaza ngobuqiniso bayo. Ukuze uthole enamandla kakhulu zempi umsebenzi. Lokhu value iyona Isivinini inhlamvu for womoya ezingavamile, akuzona zonke imodeli kungakuzuzisa ozibongayo.

Ukuze 19% wabahlanganyeli wavuma ukuthi izikhali zabo hit nge velocity ichashazi ka 100-130 m / s no 130-180 m / s. Ngezinye 11%, lesi sibalo ivame ukuba 350 m / s, okuyinto sina ngempela. Ekugcineni, 6% iqhaza ukuhlola ijubane inhlamvu zakhe ukuhamba pneumatics 75-100 m / s.

Ngokuvamile kulula ukukala futhi urekhode isivinini isikhali womoya esebenzisa amawashi. Eziningi zalezi amadivaysi futhi yakhelwe nje pneumatics. Yize iphutha ayiyi ndawo kule izilinganiso, kodwa umphumela usazoba abalulekile ngempela.

Nomaphi lapho eya ngikulahle amachashazi kulinganiswa ukubaleka Isivinini izikhali zayo, iphutha namanje ayiyi ndawo, njengoba imvelo sangaphandle Kuyohlale ezahlukene izici zayo.