Recursion - Iyini? Recursion izinhlelo (Izibonelo)

Recursion kukhona izenzakalo ezithakazelisayo ngokwabo, kodwa bona uHlelo Okubaluleke kakhulu kwezinye izimo. Ngokokuqala ngqá ebhekene nabo, inombolo kahle esikhulu sabantu aqonda yenkinga. Lokhu kungenxa inkambu omkhulu ukusetshenziswa ezingase zibe khona ezibangelwa eside, kuye ngomongo lapho "recursion" lisetshenziswa. Kodwa kunethemba lokuthi lesi sihloko sizokusiza ukuba kugwenywe ukungaqondi kahle kungenzeka futhi ukudideka.

Uyini "recursion" ngomqondo ovamile?

Igama elithi "recursion" has a ububanzi bamanani encike esifundeni lapho sisetshenziswa. ukuqokwa Universal simi ngale ndlela: recursion - le ncazelo izithombe, izincazelo izinto noma izinqubo lezinto ngokwazo. zingabantu kungenzeka kuphela ezimweni lapho into siyingxenye ye ngokwakhe. Ngendlela yalo sichaza wezibalo recursive, i-physics, izinhlelo, kanye nezinye izindawo eziningana lapho eyala zesayensi. Isicelo esiwusizo butholakala izinhlelo ulwazi kanye ucwaningo ngokomzimba.

Asho recursion izinhlelo?

izimo Recursive noma recursion izinhlelo, ngokuthi izikhathi lapho inqubo noma uhlelo umsebenzi ubiza uqobo. Njengabangaqondakali kulabo usuqalile ukufunda izinhlelo, njengoba lokhu kungase kuzwakale, akukho ongaziwa ngakho. Khumbula ukuthi recursion - akunzima, futhi kwezinye izimo baba esikhundleni imijikelezo. Uma ikhompyutha yakho nesikhathi esifanele shayela inqubo noma umsebenzi, wavele iqala ukuba baphathe wakhe.

Recursion kungaba elinganiselwe noma engaphelele. Ukuze kuqala wayeka ngokwayo imbangela, kufanele futhi kube nemibandela ukunqanyulwa. Lokhu ukwehla value kungaba variable, futhi uma ifinyelela inani elithile, futhi ukumisa ucingo ekupheleni isofthiwe / kwathatha ikhodi okwalandela, kuye ngezidingo ukuze afinyelele imigomo ethile. Ngu recursion elingapheli kusho ukuthi kuyothiwa, izosebenza nje ikhompyutha noma uhlelo esebenza kuwo.

Kungenzeka futhi inhlangano recursion nzima usebenzisa imisebenzi emibili. Ake sithi kukhona A no B. A has a umsebenzi ikhodi ucingo lwakho to B, no-B, esikhundleni salokho, kukhomba isidingo kwikhompyutha ukwenza eziyinkimbinkimbi A. recursion - indlela yokuphuma uchungechunge eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimo okunengqondo yekhompyutha logic.

Uma umfundi ala imigqa wafunda izinhlelo imijikelezo, it is cishe kakade waphawula ukufana okukhona phakathi kwabo futhi recursion. Ngokuvamile, empeleni ukwenza imisebenzi ecishe ifane nalena noma ezifanayo. Ngosizo recursion kuyinto elula ukwenza sekulingisa umsebenzi umjikelezo. Lokhu kuwusizo ngokukhethekile lapho imijikelezo ngokwabo ukusebenzisa zingavumi kakhulu. Ukushayela Isofthiwe ukusetshenziswa azihlukile kakhulu ezahlukene ephezulu ezingeni izilimi izinhlelo. Nokho recursion ku "Pascal" futhi recursion e C noma olunye ulimi has izici zayo siqu. Angakwazi ukuba lusebenze ngempumelelo ngezilimi eliphansi ezifana "assembler", kodwa kuyinkinga kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi.

izihlahla recursion

Kuyini "imithi" in the izinhlelo? Kuyinto iqoqo ezilinganiselwe ehlanganisa okungenani oyedwa node okungukuthi:

1. Ine-node ekhethekile kokuqala, ngokuthi umsuka yonke esihlahleni.
2. ISIZINDA asele ku isamba ukuthi lihlukile zero, subsets disjoint, ngesikhathi esifanayo kunjalo futhi isihlahla. Zonke lezo zinhlobo inhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi yi subtrees ka umuthi oyinhloko.

Ngamanye amazwi: izihlahla aqukethe subtrees eziqukethe kwezihlahla, kodwa izinombolo ezincane kuno kwesihlahla odlule. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho omunye ISIZINDA sizokwazi ukuhamba, kuyosho ukuphela recursion. Kukhona omunye ehilelekile kabanzi mayelana diagramming: izihlahla abavamile zikhule kusukela phansi kuze, futhi basondela ukuze izinhlelo okuphambene nalokho. Amasayithi abanalo ukuqhubeka, ngokuthi ukuphela ISIZINDA. Ukuze kube lula ka notation, futhi lula ukusetshenziswa kwamatemu zozalo (amadlozi, izingane).

Kungani-ke isetshenziswa izinhlelo?

Ukusebenzisa kwakhe recursion izinhlelo ezitholakele ku uhla imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ufuna ukwenza ikholi eyodwa kuphela, kulula ukusetshenziswa umjikelezo ukuhlanganiswa, kodwa lapho ezinikezwa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ukuze ugweme chaining futhi wenze ekusetshenzisweni kwazo ngesimo emthini, izimo recursive isicelo. Ukuze isigaba ebanzi izinkinga enhlanganweni yenqubo Computing ngale ndlela yiyona abahamba phambili ngokuya ngezinqubomgomo isisetshenziswa ukusetshenziswa. Ngakho, recursion e "Pascal", noma olunye ulimi ephezulu ezingeni izinhlelo umsebenzi noma inqubo ucingo kule mibandela kungakhathaliseki inani izingcingo yangaphandle. Ngamanye amazwi, lolu hlelo kungaba ucingo subroutine eyodwa kuphela, kodwa kuyoba kuze torque engu ezithile kusengaphambili. Ngezindlela ezithile kuba iluphu analog ukusetshenziswa yayo izici.

Umehluko recursion ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo

Naphezu umdwebo jikelele ukuqaliswa kanye isicelo esithile ngamunye icala ngabanye, recursion izinhlelo has izici zayo siqu. Lokhu kungaholela nobunzima kule search for the impahla edingekayo. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi khumbula: uma ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo umsebenzi noma inqubo, ngakho-ke, recursion ucingo - kuba nokwenzeka. Kodwa umehluko yayo enkulu kakhulu zenzeka lapho usebenzisa i-ongaphakeme kanye eliphezulu ngezilimi izinhlelo. Lena amathuba nokuqhutshwa kwezinhlelo kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile. Ukwenza bayogcina kuzoya ngokuthi umsebenzi isethiwe, ngokuhambisana futhi recursion ebhaliwe. Imisebenzi kanye nezinqubo esetshenziswa zihlukile, kodwa injongo yabo ihlale ifana - ukwenza bazibiza.

Recursion - kulula. Njengoba kulula ukukhumbula okuqukethwe kwe-athikili?

Wabasaqalayo ukuqonda kungase kube nzima ekuqaleni, ngakho udinga izibonelo recursion, noma okungenani oyedwa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele usinike isibonelo encane ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, okuyinto eyokusiza ukuba baqonde okushiwo lamasu ukufeza izinhloso ku izinhlelo. Thatha izibuko ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, uyibeke ukuze endaweni isibonisi olulodwa bonke abanye. It kuyabonakala ukuthi izibuko kubonise ngokwayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukudala umphumela okufanekisa ingunaphakade. Lapha recursion - okungukuthi, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ukucabanga (okuyimali eningi kabi). Njengoba ubona, kulula ukukuqonda, kwakuyoba ufisa. Ukutadisha izinto izinhlelo ke siyabona ukuthi recursion - liphinde kalula kakhulu umsebenzi doable.