Encapsulation - Iyini? Encapsulation izinhlelo

Encapsulation - lokhu ingenye izici ezintathu eyinhloko izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende (OOP). Lezi ezinye ezimbili - polymorphism futhi ifa. Ndawonye akha uhlaka PLO okuyinto udela uhla izici izinhlelo lokubhala ngezilimi ezahlukene, usebenzisa la ezimisweni ezintathu. izilimi Into ngamakhasimende, esikhundleni salokho, zinesibopho ngokuqinile bayazilandela.

OOP Basics

Into ngamakhasimende izinhlelo ezinsikeni ezintathu indalo yayo:

• Polymorphism, umbuzo kanjani ngolimi oluthile izinhlelo iphatha izinto nobuhlobo nomunye, ngendlela efanayo.
• Ifa, enikeza impendulo, kanjani ukuthi kushukumisa ukusetshenziswa ikhodi esebenza.
• Encapsulation, okuyinto impendulo yombuzo ecasha ukuqaliswa senzeka, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ubuqotho idatha.

amagama

Encapsulation (izinhlelo) - ukusebenzisa ukufinyelela modifiers ukuze asivikele izingcezu ikhodi kusuka umsebenzisi sekupheleni. Ngaphansi kwalo, esikhundleni salokho, kusho unjiniyela noma zamagugu.

Ingqikithi welithi "encapsulation"

Inchazelo icacisa ukuthi ngu encapsulation kwakusho ukufihla zonke noma ingxenye ikhodi hlelo. Ingqikithi welithi "encapsulation" kuyinto lokuxhaphaza ukufinyelela modifiers. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umqambi Unganquma ukuthi iziphi izakhiwo, izindlela, kanye amakilasi uzovulelwa iklayenti-class, futhi yini - afihliwe.

ukufinyelela modifiers

Kukhona ukufinyelela modifiers, lapho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uyakwazi manipulyarivat encapsulation (Java izinhlelo):

• yomphakathi ( "Emphakathini" - umphakathi, ukufinyelela ovulekile) - share kokubili amakilasi wamanje kanye izinto, futhi izwe ngaphandle;
• yangasese ( "prayvat" - ngasese, ngasese, ukufinyelela ezifihliwe) - ivaliwe ukufinyelela, ngokuyisisekelo okuyinto ngokuphelele okuphambene kulowo odlule. Linikeza ukufinyelela kuphela kusukela ekilasini wamanje;
• avikelwe ( "protekted" - evikelwe, ukufinyelela isigamu-kufihlwe) - Ukufinyelela ekilasini wamanje kanye nemikhiqizo yalo;
• okuzenzakalelayo - elingacacisiwe ukufinyelela lwewashi kusho ukuthi emkhakheni / indlela kungabonwa zonke amakilasi samanje iphakethe.

Ngo C # ulimi ( "Si Cijela"), ngaphezu okungenhla (ngaphandle wokugcina), kusenabantu modifiers:

• yangaphakathi ( "yangaphakathi" - ukufinyelela yangaphakathi) - zokufinyelela inhlangano zamanje, ukufinyelela zasendlini ukuze zonke ezinye izimo;
• yangaphakathi evikelwe ( "protekted yangaphakathi" - yangaphakathi Finyelela Okuvikelwe) - inyunyana modifiers amabili kwelinye lapho izakhiwo manifest abo bobabili.

Indima encapsulation

encapsulation indlela aqede ithonya zangaphandle ku ikhodi bese kabi idatha linamathele kuwo. Lokhu kufezwa ngezinkathi zezikhathi ngokuhlanganisa ikhodi nedatha zibe munye.

Into kanye encapsulation

Ukuhlanganisa ukuqaliswa module software kanye nedatha linamathele ikhodi, izinhlelo ibizwa ngokuthi into. Ingqikithi uxhumano yayo kanye encapsulation wukuthi indlela enjalo ivumela ukuba alondoloze futhi ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho ukusebenza kwe-mshini.

Buhle encapsulation

Encapsulation - indlela ukuba lula inqubo lokufaka ikhodi. imigqa eziningi ikhodi kukhona "ekusithekeni", futhi umsebenzi ekilasini main uya uphikisana izimo.

Umqondo yokuvikela idatha

Encapsulation - liphinde indlela ukuthi uyaliqaphela umqondo ukuvikelwa idatha. Uhlelo logic izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende yakhiwe ngesisekelo salokho iningi idatha kuyoba ezifihliwe ukufinyelela lwewashi yangasese (yangasese, yangasese) noma avikelekile (evikelwe). Izwe ngaphandle, ikhasimende ngephutha noma ngamabomu ngeke kuyilimaze ukuqaliswa module software. Ngoba eqinisweni kwenza kube lula kakhulu ngisho ngenhloso, encapsulation - lena isimiso esihle kakhulu.

encapsulation iyunithi

Class, njengoba lisisakhiwo encapsulation futhi uchaza idatha yakhiwa ikhodi, elikwaziyo bahlinza lezi idatha. Futhi isisekelo ukuze kwakhiwe into. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, uvezwa njengoMahluleli yisibonelo.

Futhi wasebenzisa amagama alandelayo:

• amalungu - lena ikhodi bese idatha kufakwe isigaba;
• Amasimu noma Ngokwesibonelo eziguquguqukayo - okubizwa ngokuthi idatha esichaza isigaba;
• ilungu imisebenzi - ziqukethe ikhodi ngokwayo. imisebenzi Ilungu - ovamile igama. Ikesi ekhethekile - izindlela.

Encapsulation isibonelo esikhethekile

Encapsulation (izinhlelo) Ngokwesibonelo:

* Qaphela:

incazelo - incazelo indlela / impahla / variable, ie aphawule ngaloko empeleni kwenzeka ohlelweni. It kuboniswa esebenzisa ukuvulwa / lokuvala tags

usebenzisa System;

isikhala segama OOPLibrary.Auto

{

///

/// Lesi sigaba kuhloswe ukuchaza isenzo yemoto

///

ikilasi yomphakathi Auto

{

///

/// eziguquguqukayo wadala ukuze ubhale kuwo, uthole ukuthi mingaki iminyaka imoto, kusukela ukuphazamiseka zangaphandle unjiniyela impahla uyazicabangela engadingekile

/// lwewashi ephawulwe yangasese, isb ivaliwe, nokufinyelela kwangasese (bheka. Le ncazelo engenhla).

///

yangasese int _age;

///

/// A eziphusile (amanani amabili kuphela kungenzeka - yebo noma cha), elichaza ukuthi imoto ihamba okwamanje

/// Kufanele futhi uzovulelwa kumsebenzisi, noma ubani ukuthi wayengonjani. Ngakho-ke lokhu okuguquguqukayo inikezwa yangasese ukufinyelela lwewashi "prayvat"

///

yangasese bool _isMoving;

///

/// Lokhu variable string kumele aqukethe ulwazi mayelana umbala imoto. It zingashintsha amathonya zangaphandle

/// ngoba lwewashi umbala okhethiwe ukufinyelela evulekile "umphakathi".

///

Umbala string yomphakathi;

///

/// Kulolu daba, sithi igama imoto, futhi, kungashintshwa

/// inikezwa lwewashi emphakatsi (ukufinyelela evulekile kubo bonke, kungakhathaliseki ekilasini noma emhlanganweni).

///

Igama string yomphakathi;

///

/// Ivula umakhi ekilasini, nakuzo zonke izici ze-variable uzwakalise bese usetha kancane ekuqaleni, ukuthola amanani abo

///

Auto zomphakathi ()

{

_age = 5;

_isMoving = amanga;

Color = "Purple";

Qamba = "Skoda Octavia";

}

///

/// Indlela uyaqaphela value ukubuya engu auto. Kungani lokhu kwakudingeka?

/// nokufinyelela kwangasese lwewashi akusho kwenzeke izinguquko iklayenti.

///

/// Ibuyisa yobudala imoto.

yezinhlamvu zomphakathi GetAge ()

{

ukubuyela "Okwamanje, umshini akhethiwe" + _age + "iminyaka.";

}

///

/// Uma imoto asibahambeli, le ndlela nokobana kokuqala ukunyakaza. Ihlola oboznalsya variable, isimo wemoto (ojikelezayo noma cha), kanye, kuye ngokuthi imiphumela, ezifanele isenzo / umyalezo uboniswa.

///

uyize zomphakathi Qala ()

{

uma (_isMoving)

{

Console.WriteLine ( "Inhlangano isivele isiqalile");

}

okunye

{

_isMoving = kweqiniso;

Console.WriteLine ( "Ilungile, Setha .. phuma!");

}

}

///

/// Uma ezinyakazayo seluqaliwe, le ndlela eyeka kuye. Kungokufanayo Uhlelo logic njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni odlule kubhekwe.

///

Misa zomphakathi uyize ()

{

uma (_isMoving)

{

_isMoving = amanga;

Console.WriteLine ( "Misa Machine");

}

okunye

{

Console.WriteLine ( ". Iphutha imoto nokunye yima, musa ukuthutha");

}

}

///

/// Kwasetshenziswa ithuba kwesokunxele, uma kukhona imoto

///

MoveLeft zomphakathi uyize ()

{

uma (_isMoving)

{

Console.WriteLine ( "ajikele kwesokunxele zenziwa");

}

okunye

{

Console.WriteLine ( ". Iphutha imoto umile Ukujikeleza sici okwamanje asitholakali.");

}

}

///

/// Indlela efanayo ne ithuba kwesokudla

///

MoveRight zomphakathi uyize ()

{

uma (_isMoving)

{

Console.WriteLine ( "Jikela ngakwesokudla waqalwa ngempumelelo");

}

okunye

{

Console.WriteLine ( ". Iphutha Imoto ningagudluzwa kusukela indawo Ukuvula kwesokudla it is okwamanje isenzo, akunakwenzeka ukuba enze ..");

}

}

}

}