On isidingo ekuhlonzweni yentuthuko inkulumo Ingane

ekuhlonzweni ka CPD (ukuthuthukiswa neuropsychological) for the ukuthola esifike ngeziphambeko ontogeny inikeza ithuba bona abuye ngokugcwele noma ingxenye ukuvimbela okukhethwa kukho ezingezinhle.

Ukuthola ngeziphambeko ukuthuthukiswa ingane isencane ivumela isikhathi ukuqala umsebenzi zokulungisa kuqondwe ngayo ukuvimbela kanye nokuvimbela nokugula ngengqondo futhi inkulumo zokugula chastn6osti.

It is hhayi isegazini kwekhono lomuntu kancane kancane kwakheka, ke kuhlobene eduze degree of ukuvuthwa cortex ingqondo, ukuthuthukiswa ezanele ukuzwa, emehlweni, ukuhogela. A indima ekhethekile ukuze kwakhiwe inkulumo play kunkulumo futhi rechesluhovoy analyzers.

Ngakho-ke, kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kuyadingeka ukuba sihlole ingane yonke imigqa (motor amakhono (jikelele kanye nezincane), amakhono, sezinzwa (sokuzwa kanye yokusabela ezibukwayo), imizwelo, umdlalo, kuyaheha futhi inkulumo ekhululekile noma pre-enkulumweni futhi predrechevye pryavleniya).

Inkinga ekuhlonzweni ezweni lethu sasebenza: USolwazi N.M.Schelovanov, E.L.Fruht, K.L.Pechora, G.V.Pantyuhin UProfesa N.M.Aksyuta. Izinkomba kanye izindlela ukuxilongwa okuqala ukuthuthukiswa neuropsychological, baye asethuthukile ngaphakathi Academy of postgraduate Education, kwamanye amazwe ezanele. Lezi izindlela of eliphakeme kanye nokuhlola ukuthuthukiswa kunendlela ukuthola kusenesikhathi ukuze ukuphambuka kokuqala. Ukulawula kumiswa ngezinsuku zokuqala zokuphila ihlose ukwenza ukulungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele izingane emuva, ukuvimbela ukuthi kungenzeka nokwephula nakakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

Emibhalweni yakhe, uProfesa RE Lewin wabhala ukuthi "Inkulumo - a eziyinkimbinkimbi ekusebenzeni kwengqondo yomuntu. It abathintekayo ahlukahlukene izinqubo psychophysiological "abaningi ekubumbeni ke. Ngakho-ke, ukwephulwa yokukhuluma ukuthuthukiswa adinga sina, abanolwazi olufanele, ezijulile, umsebenzi olunzulu ku ukulungiswa yabo.

At inhliziyo impumelelo yomsebenzi zokunqoba inkulumo iziyaluyalu izifundo eziningi wezazi ezifuywayo angaphandle, okubonisa engaba amakhulu compensatory ubuchopho ingane elisathuthuka futhi sithuthukise izindlela kanye nezindlela kokwelashwa izinyathelo zokulungisa. Pavlov, siphakamise plasticity we isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko kanye amathuba ayo angenamkhawulo isinxephezelo okungavamile, sabhala: "Akukho uhlala umile, inkani, futhi kungaba njalo ukufinyelelwa, ushintsho kube ngcono, inqobo nje uma izimo ezifanele ziye kwenziwe."

umsebenzi Efficiency korrektsionno- logopedic sisiba phezu esigabeni sokuqala kakhulu ajwayelane kumntwana nakubazali bakhe: ukuqoqwa umlando wezokwelapha kanye luhlolo. Kulesi sigaba esetshenziswa G.A.Kashe amasu M.F.Fomichevoy, G.V.Chirkinoy, L.N.Efimenkovoy et al.

Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izindlela zombili zomdabu nezindlela zesimanje yokuyala.

Abalobi wathi sebevele ochwepheshe, inkulumo classical yokwelapha theory kanye umkhuba, kanye B.M.Grinshpun, G.K.Vorobova, N.S.Zhukova, E.M.Mastyukova, T.V.Tumanova, N.A.Chevelova , S.N.Shahovskaya et al.

Sebenza-masinya futhi ukulungiswa zokuhluka futhi inkulumo abelaphi olwenziwa amakhaya defectologists zezingane ekuthuthukiseni. Imibandela polyclinic, ngeshwa, aphoyintimenti nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma nengane usewusana ukuza kakhulu kuyaqabukela. It kuncike ngezinga elithile nokuqaphela abazali ngesidingo ukuvakashelwa ekuseni kusuka nodokotela osiza abanezinkinga zokukhuluma nobungqabavu ochwepheshe ngokwabo. Ezimweni eziningi, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi luhlolo kokwelashwa kuyadingeka, ngoba iminyaka emithathu noma ngaphezulu. Isimo sengqondo esinjalo asisho kuhilelani imiphumela engemihle uma kwenzeka ukuthi umntwana ngendlela evamile. Nakuba indlela abanekhono lasungulwa, ulwazi namandla namakhono buthaka kwenza ukuma obunobunye Ngokuzayo yomuntu. Kodwa ezinganeni ezinezinkinga zentuthuko kubalulekile Ukuqalwa ekuqaleni we izinyathelo zokulungisa isimo. Ngokwesibonelo, eziphawuleka ngokukhethekile izimpendulo ngokomzwelo nemfundo sezinzwa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila (sokuzwa, ezibukwayo kanye ethintekayo). imisebenzi Ukudideka achazwayo ubuhlobo obuseduze motor amakhono, ngaleyo ndlela ukwakha sensorimotor ukuziphatha, okuyinto ngesisekelo sokukhula kwengqondo yengane. Ayikho ebaluleke kancane iyona zakuqala ukushukuma futhi pre-enkulumweni ukuthuthukiswa predrechevogo. Ukubukeka esifike amakhono pre-enkulumweni: Ukushaya ka, Gulen, Ukuphoshoza inquma ukuthuthukiswa yayo egcwele esikhathini inkulumo.

Isewusana kubalulekile ukuqapha eduze futhi ngoba isikhathi kakhulu izinga onomfutho yentuthuko: nosana abehlulekayo ekupheleni onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila has pryamostoyaniem, ukuhamba, imisebenzi kuncike-nolukhohlisayo, ekuqaleni ukuqonda inkulumo iguqulwe kuso, uqala ukuba asho izwi lepetnye kuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi liqala kumiswa imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yokukhuluma - kuchumana. Kwakuwusuku onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila yakha izimfanelo ukuze iqhubekisele phambili imfundo yengane.

Abadala kudingeka wazi izigaba evamile ukuthuthukiswa neuropsychological izingane futhi ikakhulukazi izinga elikhulu kumiswa inkulumo ukuze ukudala izimo ezikahle kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa. Futhi, uma kunesidingo, ngesikhathi esihle ukuqala umsebenzi zokulungisa.

Ngakho, uchwepheshe indlela ukuzimisela ezingeni yentuthuko nangokwengqondo wengane kufanele kwenziwe kusukela zisencane, okungukuthi, kwasekuzalweni kwakhe.