Nuthatch Common: incazelo, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo, ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Coachman, nuthatch noma abavamile - inyoni encane nuthatch umndeni, okujwayelekile eNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia naseYurophu. Kungatholakala kubhalwe eRussia emaphakathi kanye eSiberia. Kube kubanga emahlathini okuxubile, lezihlahla kanye coniferous, e izingadi namapaki zokuhlala. Nuthatch abavamile ziyofuna ukudla nge lobubhalo eshayela phakathi kwezinye amagatsha ngemiboko zezihlahla, ngokuvamile esiphendula esibhekisa phansi.

incazelo

Le nyoni ezithathekayo encane ekufinyeleleni 14.5 cm ubude, nge isisindo 25 g futhi namaphiko 27 cm; nikhukhumele, uqweqwe cishe imperceptible, Intamo esifushane. I izimpaphe emaningi, Fluffy. Esinemthombo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kwendawo emzimbeni elingaphezulu Ngakho njalo linezincazelo ezihlukahlukene umbala oluhlaza-grey. Ngo -Southwest Asia, eNtshonalanga Yurophu ne eCaucasus has ginger isisu kwesilevu emhlophe entanyeni. Enyakatho ezimhlophe yayo ongaphakeme emaceleni obomvu, ngaphezu kwalokho, usika izingcezu azidingayo ngokucophelela podhvostem nge streaks umbala omhlophe.

Nuthatch abavamile, izithombe zazo okwethulwa kulesi sihloko siphila esempumalanga China, it has a phansi obomvu ngokuphelele. Esikhathini Far Eastern zama-white izimpaphe amabele. Ngesikhathi kakhulu eziqondisa izimpaphe njalo namabala amhlophe. Kusukela ekuqaleni Uqhwaku kuya nape entanyeni kuyinto umugqa omnyama ovundlile. Uqhwaku abukhali, iqonde futhi eside, grey. Ngezinye kwesisekelo salo ithunyelwa phambili bristles elukhuni. wings Oyindilinga, dlala, babe izimpaphe eyinhloko eziyishumi. Emfushane, umsila ngqo. Imilenze banamandla, grey ansundu, nge izimpiko olukhuni eside, ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa esebenzayo izihlahla ekhuphuka. Abesifazane kanye nabesilisa komunye nomunye ngaphandle nibonakala nsé, kuphela ukuba likhudlwana kune-lowesilisa.

endaweni

Ngo ehlathini Palaearctic (iningi Asia, e-Europe kanye naseNyakatho Afrika) kuyinto nuthatch okwandile abavamile. Bird izithombe ethulwa ngale sihloko zitholakala cishe kuyo yonke indawo e-Europe. On insimu yezwe lethu kusuka endaweni enyakatho ogwini kukhawulwe White Sea, sifinyelela engezansi eMfuleni OB kanye edolobhaneni Ust-Tsilma; kusukela eningizimu - Saratov, Voronezh esifundeni, Kokshetau, Urals Southern, Barnaul-Omsk. Ngaphandle kwezwe lethu uhlala e-Korea, China, Taiwan kanye iziqhingi Japanese; Uhlala eningizimu-Iran, u-Israyeli, Indochina nezintaba zaseHimalaya. E-Afrika, kungatholakala Morocco.

ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo

izimpilo Nuthatch abavamile emahlathini - coniferous, lezihlahla kanye okuxubile, kuyilapho ukukhethela ezindaweni inqwaba izihlahla ubudala futhi ehlathini, okuyinto ifuna ukudla. Futhi kalula luhlala e amapaki kanye izingadi nezimila bok. Ezindaweni eseningizimu futhi entshonalanga Yurophu ukhetha amahlathi lezihlahla, okuyinto ubuswa hornbeam, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, beech.

Nuthatch zokufinyelela ehlathini-emathafeni enyakatho, eningizimu - asemaqeleni zone, lapho izidleke ihlathi namahlathi riparian. Esikhathini Ekude naseSiberia, lapho ikakhulukazi sikhule amahlathi coniferous, ophilayo ikakhulukazi ehlathini kunothile larch lemisedari. It is ukuthi nokwehlukaniswa ihlathi afanayo, ngokuvamile okuholela ekuncipheni kwenani zinhlobo ezahlukene, wenzalo akuyona nuthatch ethintekile ezaziwayo.

Nuthatch abavamile (izithombe kungabonakala kulesi sihloko) uphila ukuphila umzimba, futhi ngokuvamile, ithobela endaweni efanayo uma ungakhathazeki. Ehlathini phakathi enyakatho endaweni izinyoni uthuthe eningizimu ebusika. Lesi sikhathi sonyaka angajoyina nezinye izinyoni (ngokuyinhloko tits), kodwa musa yakha amaphakethe. inyoni Wendawo ivikela kusayithi lakho unyaka wonke.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ekuqaleni zikhwelwe izinyoni incike latitude. Ngokwesibonelo, e eRussia emaphakathi baqala lokushutheka ngo-Ephreli, ngesikhathi ezindaweni eziseNyakatho - kuphela ngoMeyi. Izinkukhu ziyashisa monogamous (elilodwa lensikazi kuphela zaba elilodwa leduna); imibhangqwana kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe ukulondolozwa.

Nuthatches ngabafaka ubumba yayo eziyize, ngaleyo ndlela kusale kuphela namantombazane amancane.

ukuchamisela

vulgaris Nuthatch, zazo zikhona izithombe kulesi sihloko, ne kokuqala ungajabule liyaphela, ekubeni unnoticeable. incubates Female, ngenkathi ushiya esidlekeni kuphela uma ingozi, ngaphambili kokuthi embozwe wokwakha zokulala. Bayashintshana ekufukameleni ihlala cishe amasonto amabili. amaphuphu Landelayo achanyuselwa embozwe eside mncane phansi emhlane wakhe, emahlombe nasekhanda. Enakekelwa kokubili abazali, bazilethele ukudla izikhathi 350 ngosuku. Amaphuphu kukhona lundiza emva kwezinsuku 25, nakuba amasonto ngisho 1-2 ukondla kubazali bayo bese kuba bahlakazeka.

Inani eyisisekelo izinyoni abasha kuya ekupheleni ehlobo sithathe indawo yakhe siqu, kodwa kukhethwa uzakwethu futhi endaweni yokwakha isidleke kunqunywa ngokuphelele kuphela entwasahlobo elandelayo. Izinyoni zasendle baphila iminyaka engaba ngu nanye.

eziyize

Bird nuthatch izidleke ezejwayelekile emigodini, kepha, ngokungafani kuya Iziqophamithi esifanayo, asikwazanga likhiphe self eziyize, ngakho-ke, zisebenzisa izidleke ubudala noma ukuthatha izimbotshana zemvelo ezihlahleni. Elingenalutho abakhethiwe at ibanga 4-8 amamitha ngaphezu komhlabathi. Futhi hlala isidleke amabhokisi ngemishini. Ngokuvamile, uma ukuvulwa ngokwanele ezinkulu bona asithe ubumba ukuvikela izilwane ezidla ezihlukahlukene ngezikhathi ukuwaxuba ngomanyolo, kusale kuphela encane tapholes ububanzi kufika ku 35 mm. Ngezikhathi ubumba ezigcotshwe self eziyize nezindawo ezizungezile.

Ingaphakathi elingenalutho uphahlwe izikali ezincane mncane ungqimba engenhla cortex, ngezinye izikhathi - Leaf tincetu. zokulala Lush - amaqanda e wakhe cishe kwamanzi ngokuphelele.