NPP "eNingizimu-Ukraine": isinqumo amasu Kiev mayelana nokushintsha umphakeli fuel

Amandla eziyinkimbinkimbi Ukraine izobandakanya amane izitshalo amandla enuzi. Omunye asebenzayo namuhla - South Ukraine NPP.

A isikhungo esiphehla ugesi wenuzi njengengxenye amandla eziyinkimbinkimbi

NPP eyilungu South-Ukraine umkhakha weze-energy. Lapho edala iphrojekthi eziyinkimbinkimbi kwathiwa Kucatshangwa ukuthi izonikeza ugesi ezindaweni ezintathu zase-Ukraine - Nikolaev, Kherson, Odessa, futhi Autonomous Republic of eCrimea. Ngaphezu enuzi izitshalo amandla, eyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa HPP (emifula) kanye PSP (akhishwa isitoreji esiteshini).

Ukusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintathu amabhizinisi evumela ukuthuthukisa elikhulu izindleko zikagesi. Isikhathi ukubola ukusetshenziswa (ikakhulukazi ebusuku) liqhathanisa iziteshi emifula usebenze mode futha, ukuphampa amanzi umfula, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isiqongo imithwalo (ngasekupheleni ntambama) - ikumodi ophephela akunika ngaphezu kwalokho okukhiqizwa inethiwekhi ugesi. Nuclear futhi Hydro abahlanganyela kulo msebenzi imodi ethule, ngaphandle umthamo isiqongo ocucuzayo, okuyinto eyingozi abaphehla ugesi. Njengoba kuthiwa isiqongo imithwalo zibhekene ngqo kulesi sifunda eningizimu ye-Ukraine, ngakho ngaye, futhi lwakhiwe uhlobo olusha amandla eziyinkimbinkimbi lohlobo European ukusebenza ngempumelelo.

ukwakhiwa plant kanye nemingcele lobuchwepheshe

Isayithi lapho iNingizimu-Ukrainian NPP kuyakhethwa ku Mykolaiv esifundeni. Ngo-1975, ukwakhiwa esiteshini wethulwa futhi edolobheni satellite of Yuzhnoukrainsk. Kusukela 1982, kwakushiwo yanjalo ezintathu iyunithi sesigidi. Ukwakhiwa iyunithi wesine yavalwa ngo-1989, futhi umbuzo ukwakhiwa kwalo ayisekho liphuma.

NPP "eNingizimu-Ukraine" iye abasebenza kulesi sikhungo VVER-1000. Babedalelwene eLeningrad, esikhathini ibhizinisi "Izhora Izitshalo". Abakhi abaphehla ugesi, ugesi kanye ophendulayo amayunithi babe amabhizinisi kweLeningrad futhi laseKharkov.

Uma zigcwele, amandla enuzi waphuma ngo-1989. Kuze kube manje, eyenziwe amandla enuzi (cishe 18 bhiliyoni kWh / enyakeni), ngokwanele ukuhlinzeka-10% azo zonke ukusetshenziswa kukagesi e-Ukraine. Ezindaweni Nikolaev, Kherson and Odessa - cishe 96%. Of umthamo ezifakiwe (3,000 MW), "South-Ukraine" NPP - wesibili emva Zaporozhye e-Ukraine.

Isimo izakhi fuel (FE)

Umthombo fuel zenuzi lazo zonke izitshalo amandla enuzi e-Ukraine (kuhlanganise izitshalo ngamandla enuzi "eNingizimu-Ukraine") babe (futhi bahlale) izakhi fuel, ekhiqizwa ku GC "TVEL" eRussia. Them nanso is a-imeyli engahlonziwe sikhiphe ukushisa, Isibandisi athathelwana.

Kakade ngo-2000, e-Ukraine uzama ukushintsha ukuphakelwa ayitholwa uphethiloli zenuzi Russian, engena ezindlini ngezindlu isivumelwano ne "Westinghouse Electric" (USA).

A platform for zokuhlola isebenza eNingizimu Ukrainian esikhungweni samandla enuzi likhethiwe. US fuel amakhasethi abangu efakwe zonke amabhlogo ezintathu esiteshini indawo olungaphelele Russian TVEL.

Ngo-2012 kwembula ukulimala American fuel nemihlangano emikhulu kuwo block lwesithathu. Ukusebenza izakhi amabhlogo lokuqala nelesibili baqhubeka.

Kusukela 2000, inkampani "Westinghouse Electric" TVEL ezimbili Russian zidluliselwe, kuba ngomfanekiso yabo e-US futhi akhiwe fuel yesifunda neyesigodi enuzi izitshalo amandla "eNingizimu-Ukraine".

Ngo-September 2014, ngemva ehloliwe zonke izakhi American okuyizinto operation, liye enwetshiwe isivumelwano ne "Westinghouse Electric" kuze 2020.

GC "TVEL" kuyinto umphakeli uphethiloli enuzi ngenxa amandla Ukrainian enuzi nezinye ezintathu.

Ngokwe-Russian inkontileka Ukulahla fuel zenuzi wachitha waziphatha WaseRussia. Ubani uzokwenza zisezintsha wemihlangano American, akucaci okwamanje Angitholanga impendulo embuzweni othi unesibopho ukuphepha ukufakwa "okuxubile" izakhi zenuzi sikhungo of NPP "eNingizimu-Ukraine". Okuthathelwa kukho: Czech Republic, lidlule indlela efana US nokulethwa uphethiloli enuzi izitshalo zayo ngamandla enuzi, bashiya lo mqondo futhi okusebenza ku-Russian fuel izinduku.

South Ukraine NPP ingozi

Kusukela ngo-January 2015 (ngobusuku 15 th-16 th) empambanweni ukulawula transformer NPP kuqubuka umlilo angesabi. Umlilo imbozwe indawo square metres 100. Isizathu esenza idatha wokulungiselela, wakhonza depressurization izindlu, okwabangela i ukuvuza uwoyela futhi ngenxa yalokho, Ukunciphisa isekhethi.

Ngenhlanhla, ngemva yimpumelelo umlilo ukucindezelwa Ayephila isizinda emisebeni engokwemvelo.