Nonkulunkulu Ancient Egypt - Abezizwe Ezijwayelekile

Inkolo Ancient Egypt libhekene khona isikhathi eside of izethulo lasekuqaleni. Kuwo wonke amakhulu eminyaka wempilo isimo waseGibhithe futhi ngokuyisisekelo okushiwo namahlelo amaningi ekushintsheni ngokuphindaphindiwe. Izinkolelo yabazingeli bakudala, abalimi kanye Abanikazi bamapulazi axutshwa ndawonye ngokuzayo sigxilise imicimbi zezombusazwe, Echoes of bephakamisa lizwe kanye nokwehla yayo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iGibhithe lalingekho esimweni inkolo eyodwa, ngaphandle ngesikhathi sokubusa Akhenaten sika. Kungenxa yokuthi ubunye ababaziwa wonkulunkulu awuzange kwenziwe. Onkulunkulu izinganekwane of Ancient Egypt impela lomkhuba eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi wajoyina ngokuvamile ephikisanayo kanye izinkolelo ngezinye izikhathi ngokuphelele alizimele. Ngezikhathi ezithile kumibuthano sabapristi namanje kwenziwe ezinye imizamo lula begodu bahlanganise le imfuhlumfuhlu kunezinxushunxushu izinkolelo zomlando. Kodwa impumelelo abazange baphumelele.

Onkulunkulu - okhokho baso ezweni

Kube eGibhithe lasendulo nalapho umqondo ohlangene ngendawo yonke. Ingabe imibono evamile ukudalwa omhlaba wonke ayebheke ludale, ngenxa isikhathi ezahlukene imvelaphi yabo nendawo odabuka. Le nganekwane ethandwa kakhulu ngendawo yonke-Oni, okuyinto ezixoxwa ukuthi kusukela izinxushunxushu primordial ekuqaleni kwavela njengoba samuntu ilanga Atum Atum-Ra. He is ukhokho wazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Zalisa yena, Atum esephimisela emoyeni - Shu futhi Teftun - umswakama, nakho zisenza sibe esibhakabhakeni - Nut nomhlaba - hebe. Thina Insinjana Geb azalelwa u-Osiris, uSeti, u-Isis kanye Nephthys. Ngoba bonke onkulunkulu Ancient Egypt Akha okuthiwa "Heliopolis ayisishiyagalolunye", esiqhutshwa bonke onkulunkulu kube okubaluleke kakhulu.

Kamuva ukuthi kwavela ngenkathi isimo Memphis legend, izibaluli ekudalweni kwezwe unkulunkulu wakhe Ptah.

Onkulunkulu ohlonishwayo kakhulu eGibhithe eyayigujwa saseNayile, isibonelo, Sebek, Hapi, futhi ilanga - noHorus, Atum, Ra, kanye nabanye onkulunkulu, benikela efile - Anubis, u-Osiris. AbaseGibhithe lasendulo bakhuleka zonke-azungeze ngokukholwa emandleni onkulunkulu zonke izici zokuphila, kusukela emvelo nokuthuthukiswa kwamasiko. zemvelo wazibona njengoba ubuhlobo phakathi konkulunkulu abahlukahlukene. ukuphila ezenhlalo nezamasiko kwadingeka backers yayo. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, iskripthi elihlobene ne-unkulunkulukazi saf ibisogolovoe unkulunkulu noma umuntu ukuthi komculo isiko iyonke.

I ukukhulekelwa kwelanga eGibhithe lasendulo

Umqondo walokho umumo waba onkulunkulu ilanga Ancient Egypt, ezindaweni ezahlukene zazihlukile: kungaba disc ezinamaphiko, noma ibhungane omkhulu - scarab baphokophelele akwazi ukugcina ukukhanya esibhakabhakeni, ibuye amelwe ngesimo ukhozi noma umuntu ongasho uheshe ikhanda.

Abamele sehlelo elanga izinkathi ezahlukene futhi izikhungo ezahlukene futhi amagama abo: Ra, Khepera, Atum, ngoma nabanye. Ngezinye izikhathi onkulunkulu ezahlukene Ancient Egypt benziwe eyodwa, futhi umbono wabo esikhulu. Esikhathini Old Kingdom, phakathi kwezinye indawo ekhethekile kwaba unkulunkulu Ra, ngubani tal ayebadlula zendawo isibe cult isimo obscheegipetsky. Ngenxa yalokho, uma abanye unkulunkulu wathola ezithinta isizwe, it is ngokushesha munye Ra, futhi ubeka kuyizinhlayiyana okuhambisanayo igama lakhe: Sebek-Ra,-Amun-Ra, amaphoyisa-Ra, nabanye.

Phakathi Ephakathi LoMbuso ngemva kokuba abaningi ubunye laseGibhithe ngaphansi kokubusa ekhaya Theban Wathatha ehola indima ethile yokukhulekela ehlelweni ka kukankulunkulu u-Amoni. Wayebhekwa unkulunkulu omkhulu yasezulwini efanekisela isimo, kanye amandla negunya kaFaro.

nakwezinye izinkolo

Futhi, abanye bonkulunkulu bezizwe ohlonishwa kakhulu laseGibhithe kwakuyilaba Osiris, nobemele i-Nile, udadewabo, ngokungazelelwe umkakhe - Isis - unkulunkulukazi wenzalo, umvikeli yakhe yokuba umama, kanye nendodana yabo ngokuhlanganyela noHorus, omunye lasendulo ilanga onkulunkulu futhi wekuba sive. amabutho amnyama samuntu umfowabo u-Osiris 'uSeti - unkulunkulu wesomiso, okubi chaos nomkakhe Nephthys. Lezi konkulunkulu baseGibithe sidilizwa ephefumulelwe yokwesaba nangenhlonipho ejulile kokubili kwabakhileyo eSigodini saseNayile, owazama zemikhaya evelele ukuze kushwelezwe ukukhulekela kwabo ngentshiseko.

Iwukuxuba sehlelo of Osiris, ihlelo abafileyo usukela ezikhathini zasendulo, futhi inkathi okusha boMbuso bha sibonakala umqondo yokudweba inkantolo afterworld esikhipha Osiris. Guide abafileyo ayebhekwa njengengxenye unkulunkulu Anubis, owayebizwa amelwe ngesimo impungushe noma indoda ikhanda a impungushe sika.

Ngokufunda umbuzo wonkulunkulu nezinganekwane laseGibhithe, qiniseka ababheke e izimo zomlando ezithile, ikhumbula izingqimba kusuka izinkathi ezahlukene, kanye nokusabalalisa amaphuzu. Zonke zonkulunkulu baseGibhithe lasendulo ziyinkimbinkimbi incarnation syncretic ka archetypes futhi hlala ebalulekile e emagugu emasiko isimo lokhu esidlule engaqondakali.